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http://dx.doi.org/10.5713/ajas.2012.12406

Effect of Glycosaminoglycans on In vitro Fertilizing Ability and In vitro Developmental Potential of Bovine Embryos  

Kim, Eun Young (Mirae Biotech/Jeju National University Stem Cell Research Center)
Noh, Eun Hyung (College of Applied Life Sciences, Jeju National University)
Noh, Eun Ji (College of Applied Life Sciences, Jeju National University)
Park, Min Jee (College of Applied Life Sciences, Jeju National University)
Park, Hyo Young (Mirae Biotech/Jeju National University Stem Cell Research Center)
Lee, Dong Sun (College of Applied Life Sciences, Jeju National University)
Riu, Key Zung (College of Applied Life Sciences, Jeju National University)
Park, Se Pill (College of Applied Life Sciences, Jeju National University)
Publication Information
Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences / v.26, no.2, 2013 , pp. 178-188 More about this Journal
Abstract
The glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) present in the female reproductive tract promote sperm capacitation. When bovine sperm were exposed to 10 ${\mu}g/ml$ of one of four GAGs (Chondroitin sulfate, CS; Dermatan sulfate, DS; Hyaluronic acid, HA; Heparin, HP) for 5 h, the total motility (TM), straight-line velocity (VSL), and curvilinear velocity (VCL) were higher in the HP- or HA-treated sperm, relative to control and CS- or DS-treated sperm. HP and HA treatments increased the levels of capacitated and acrosome-reacted sperm over time, compared to other treatment groups (p<0.05). In addition, sperm exposed to HP or HA for 1 h before IVF exhibited significantly improved fertilizing ability, as assessed by 2 pronucleus (PN) formation and cleavage rates at d 2. Exposure to these GAGs also enhanced in vitro embryo development rates and embryo quality, and increased the ICM and total blastocyst cell numbers at d 8 after IVF (p<0.05). A real-time PCR analysis showed that the expression levels of pluripotency (Oct 4), cell growth (Glut 5), and anti-apoptosis (Bax inhibitor) genes were significantly higher in embryos derived from HA- or HP-treated sperm than in control or other treatment groups, while pro-apoptotic gene expression (caspase-3) was significantly lower in all GAG treatment groups (p<0.05). These results demonstrated that exposure of bovine sperm to HP or HA positively correlates with in vitro fertilizing ability, in vitro embryo developmental potential, and embryonic gene expression.
Keywords
Glycosaminoglycan; Heparin; Capacitation; Embryo Development; Gene Expression;
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