Browse > Article
http://dx.doi.org/10.5713/ajas.2013.13105

The Effect of Age at First Calving and Calving Interval on Productive Life and Lifetime Profit in Korean Holsteins  

Do, Changhee (Department of Animal Biosystem Science, College of Agriculture and Life Science, Chungnam National University)
Wasana, Nidarshani (Department of Animal Biosystem Science, College of Agriculture and Life Science, Chungnam National University)
Cho, Kwanghyun (National Institute of Animal Science, RDA)
Choi, Yunho (National Institute of Animal Science, RDA)
Choi, Taejeong (National Institute of Animal Science, RDA)
Park, Byungho (National Institute of Animal Science, RDA)
Lee, Donghee (University of Seoul)
Publication Information
Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences / v.26, no.11, 2013 , pp. 1511-1517 More about this Journal
Abstract
This study was performed to estimate the effect of age at first calving and first two calving intervals on productive life and life time profit in Korean Holsteins. Reproduction data of Korean Holsteins born from 1998 to 2004 and lactation data from 276,573 cows with birth and last dry date that calved between 2000 and 2010 were used for the analysis. Lifetime profit increased with the days of life span. Regression of Life Span on Lifetime profit indicated that there was an increase of 3,800 Won (approximately $3.45) of lifetime profit per day increase in life span. This is evidence that care of each cow is necessary to improve net return and important for farms maintaining profitable cows. The estimates of heritability of age at first calving, first two calving intervals, days in milk for lifetime, lifespan, milk income and lifetime profit were 0.111, 0.088, 0.142, 0.140, 0.143, 0.123, and 0.102, respectively. The low heritabilities indicated that the productive life and economical traits include reproductive and productive characteristics. Age at first calving and interval between first and second calving had negative genetic correlation with lifetime profit (-0.080 and -0.265, respectively). Reducing age at first calving and first calving interval had a positive effect on lifetime profit. Lifetime profit increased to approximately 2,600,000 (2,363.6) from 800,000 Won ($727.3) when age at first calving decreased to (22.3 month) from (32.8 month). Results suggested that reproductive traits such as age at first calving and calving interval might affect various economical traits and consequently influenced productive life and profitability of cows. In conclusion, regard of the age at first calving must be taken with the optimum age at first calving for maximum lifetime profit being 22.5 to 23.5 months. Moreover, considering the negative genetic correlation of first calving interval with lifetime profit, it should be reduced against the present trend of increase.
Keywords
Age at First Calving; Calving Interval; Lifetime Profit; Productive Life;
Citations & Related Records
연도 인용수 순위
  • Reference
1 Abe, H., Y. Masuda, and M. Suzuki. 2009. Relationships between reproductive traits of heifers and cows and yield traits for Holsteins in Japan. J. Dairy Sci. 92:4055-4062   DOI   ScienceOn
2 Bagnato, A. and P. A Oltenacu. 1994. Phenotypic evaluation of fertility traits and their association with milk production of Italian Friesian cattle. J. Dairy Sci. 77:874-882.   DOI   ScienceOn
3 Cole, J. B., J. L. Hutchison, D. M. Bickhart, and D. J. Null. 2011. Optimal age at first calving for U.S. dairy cattle. American Dairy Science Association.
4 Esselmont, R. J. and M. A. Kossaibati. 1997. Culling in 50 dairy herds in England. Vet. Rec. 140:36-39.   DOI
5 Ettema, J. F. and J. E. P. Santos. 2004. Impact of age at calving on lactation, reproduction, health, and income in first-parity Holsteins on commercial farms. J. Dairy Sci. 87:2730-2742   DOI   ScienceOn
6 Hare, E., H. D. Norman, and J. R. Wright. 2006a. Trends in calving ages and calving intervals for dairy cattle breeds in the United States. J. Dairy Sci. 89:365-370.   DOI   ScienceOn
7 Hare, E., H. D. Norman, and J. R. Wright. 2006b. Survival rates and productive herd life of dairy cattle in the United States. J. Dairy Sci. 89:3713-3720.   DOI   ScienceOn
8 Haworth, G. M., W. P. Tranter, J. N. Chuck, Z. Cheng, D. B C. Wathes. 2008. Relationships between age at first calving and first lactation milk yield, and lifetime productivity and longevity in dairy cows. Vet. Rec. 162:643-647.   DOI
9 Jamrozik, J., J. Fatehi, G. J. Kistemaker, and L. R. Schaeffer, 2005. Estimates of genetic parameters for Canadian Holstein female reproduction traits. J. Dairy Sci. 88:2199-2208.   DOI   ScienceOn
10 Kalantari, A. S. and V. E. Cabrera. 2012. The effect of reproductive performance on the dairy cattle herd value assessed by integrating a daily dynamic programming model with a daily Markov chain model. J. Dairy Sci. 95:6160-6170.   DOI   ScienceOn
11 Korea Dairy Committee. 2009. Korean milk pricing system 2009. Dairy Statistics Yearbook. Retrieved Feb. 4, 2013, from http://www.dairy.or.kr.
12 Lormore, Mike. 2005. The case for a quality dairy replacement program. In Proceedings from Dairy Calves and Heifers: Integrating Biology and
13 Meszaros, G., J. Wolf, and O. Kadle.ik, 2008. Factors affecting the functional length of productive life in Slovak Pinzgau cows. Czech J. Anim. Sci. 53:91-97.
14 Meyer, K. 2010. WOMBAT: A program for mixed model analyses by restricted maximum likelihood. Retrieved from http://didgeridoo.une.edu.au/km/homepage.php.
15 National Agricultural Cooperative Federation. 2010. Nonghyup monthly survey bulletin. V12.
16 Nieuwhof, G. J., R. L. Powell, and H. D. Norman. 1989. Ages at calving and calving interval for dairy cattle in the United States. J. Dairy Sci. 72:685-692.   DOI
17 Nilforooshan, M. A. and M. A. Edriss. 2004. Effect of age at first calving on some productive and longevity traits in Iranian Holsteins of Isfahan Province. J. Dairy Sci. 87:2130-2135.   DOI   ScienceOn
18 Olori, V. E., T. H. E. Meuwissenand, and R. F. Veerkamp. 2002. Calving interval and survival breeding values as a measure of cow fertility in a pasture-based production system with seasonal calving. J. Dairy Sci. 85:689-696.   DOI   ScienceOn
19 Oltenacu, P. A. and D. M. Broom. 2010. The impact of genetic selection for increased milk yield on the welfare of dairy cows. Anim. Welf. 19:39-49.
20 Perez-Cabal, M. A. and R. Alenda. 2003. Lifetime profit as an individual trait and prediction of its breeding values in Spanish Holstein cows. J. Dairy Sci. 86:4115-4122.   DOI   ScienceOn
21 Pirlo, G., F. Miglior, and M. Speroni. 2000. Effect of age at first calving on production traits and on difference between milk yield returns and rearing costs in Italian Holsteins. J. Dairy Sci. 83:603-608.   DOI   ScienceOn
22 Pollott, G. E. 2011. Short communication: Do Holstein lactations of varied lengths have different characteristics? J. Dairy Sci. 94:6173-6180.   DOI   ScienceOn
23 Pryce, I. E., M. D. Royal, P. C. Garnsworthy, and I. L. Mao. 2004. Fertility in tlie high-producing dairy cow. Livest. Prod. Sci. 86:125-135.   DOI   ScienceOn
24 Simerl, N. A., C. J. Wilcox, W. W. Thatcher, and F. G. Martin. 1991. Prepartum and peripartum reproductive performance of dairy heifers freshening at young ages. J. Dairy Sci. 74:1724-1729.   DOI
25 Statistics Korea. 2010. Livestock production cost, 2010. Retrieved Feb. 4, 2013, from http://kosis.kr.
26 Van Arendonk, J. A. M., R. Hovenier, and W. De Boer. 1989. Phenotypic and genetic association between fertility and production in dairy cows. Livest. Prod. Sci. 21:1-12.   DOI   ScienceOn
27 VanRaden, P. M. 2002. Selection of dairy cattle for lifetime profit. 7th World Congress on Genetics Applied to Livestock Production, Proceedings. Montpellier, France.
28 VanRaden, P. M. and E. J. H. Klaaskate. 1993. Genetic evaluation of length of productive life including predicted longevity of live cows. J. Dairy Sci. 76:2758-2764.   DOI   ScienceOn
29 Weigel, K. A. and R. Rekaya. 2000. Genetic parameters for reproductive traits of Holstein cattle in California and Minnesota. J. Dairy Sci. 83:1072-1080.   DOI   ScienceOn
30 Windig, J. J., M. P. L. Calus, B. Beerda, and R. F. Veerkamp, 2006. Genetic correlations between milk production and health and fertility depending on herd environment. J. Dairy Sci. 89:1765-1775.   DOI   ScienceOn