Browse > Article
http://dx.doi.org/10.5713/ajas.2012.12109

Effect of Ground Corn Cob Replacement for Cassava Chip on Feed Intake, Rumen Fermentation and Urinary Derivatives in Swamp Buffaloes  

Wanapat, M. (Tropical Feed Resources Research and Development Center (TROFREC), Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Khon Kaen University)
Pilajun, R. (Tropical Feed Resources Research and Development Center (TROFREC), Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Khon Kaen University)
Kang, S. (Tropical Feed Resources Research and Development Center (TROFREC), Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Khon Kaen University)
Setyaningsih, K. (Tropical Feed Resources Research and Development Center (TROFREC), Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Khon Kaen University)
Setyawan, A.R. (Tropical Feed Resources Research and Development Center (TROFREC), Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Khon Kaen University)
Publication Information
Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences / v.25, no.8, 2012 , pp. 1124-1131 More about this Journal
Abstract
Four Thai - rumen fistulated male swamp buffaloes (Bubalus bubalis), about four years old with $400{\pm}20kg$ liveweight, were randomly assigned according to a $4{\times}4$ Latin square design to receive dietary treatments. The treatments were: ground corn cob (GCC) replacement for cassava chip (CC) in concentrate at 0% (T1); GCC replacement at 33% (T2); GCC replacement at 67% (T3); and GCC replacement at 100% (T4), respectively. During the experiment, concentrate was offered at 0.5% BW while 5% urea-treated rice straw was given at ad libitum. The result revealed that there was no effect of GCC replacement on DMI among treatments. In addition, digestibilities of DM, OM and CP were not different while aNDF linearly increased with an increasing level of GCC replacement. However, GCC replacement did not affect rumen fermentation such as ruminal pH, $NH_3$-N and VFA concentration; except C3 proportion which was the highest at 33% replacement while the lowest was at 100% replacement. All replacements of GCC resulted in similar protozoal and bacterial populations and microbial protein synthesis (MPS). Purine derivatives (PD) concentration in urine and PD to creatinine (PDC) index were varied with time of urination and among treatments at 0 to 8 and 8 to 16 h post feeding and higher values were shown among the GCC replacement groups. However at 16 to 24 h-post feeding, it was untraceable. In addition, creatinine concentration was similar among all treatments at every sampling time. Based on the above results, GCC can be used as an energy source for swamp buffalo fed with rice straw. Spot sampling of urine can be used for purine derivatives determination.
Keywords
Corn Cob; Cassava Chip; Rumen Ecology; Purine Derivatives; Swamp Buffalo; Rice Straw;
Citations & Related Records
Times Cited By KSCI : 3  (Citation Analysis)
연도 인용수 순위
1 Cetinkaya, N., S. Yaman and N. H. O. Baber. 2006. The use of purine derivatives/ creatinine ratio in spot urine samples as an index of microbial protein supply in Yerli Kara crossbred cattle. Livest. Sci. 100:91-98.   DOI   ScienceOn
2 Chanthakhoun, V. and M. Wanapat. 2012. The in vitro gas production and ruminal fermentation of various feeding using rumen liquor from swamp buffalo and cattle. Asian J. Anim. Vet. Adv. 7:54-60.   DOI
3 Chen, X. B. and M. J. Gomes. 1995. Estimation of microbial protein supply to sheep and cattle based on urinary excretion of purine derivatives-an overview of the technical details. Occasional Publication 1992. International Feed Resources Unit, Rowett Research Institude, Aberdeen, United Kingdom. pp. 21-25.
4 Chen, X. B., D. J. Kyle and E. R. Orskov. 1993. Measurement of allantoin in urine and plasma by high-performance liquid chromatography with pre-column derivatization. J. Chromatogr. 617:241-247.   DOI   ScienceOn
5 Chizzotti, M. L., S. C. V. Filho, R. F. D. Valadares, F. H. M. Chizzotti and L. O. Tedeschi. 2008. Determination of creatinine excretion and evaluation of spot urine sampling in Holstein cattle. Livest. Sci. 113:218-225.   DOI   ScienceOn
6 Chen, X. B., M. C. N. Jayasuriya and H. P. S. Makkar. 2004. Measurement and application of purine derivatives:creatinine ratio in spot urine samples of ruminants. In: Estimation of Microbial Protein Supply in Ruminants Using Urinary Purine Derivatives (Ed. H. P. S. Makkar and X. B. Chen), Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht. pp. 167-179.
7 Dennis, S. M., M. J. Arambel, E. E. Bartle and A. D. Dayton. 1983. Effect of energy concentration and source of nitrogen on numbers and types of rumen protozoa. J. Dairy Sci. 66:1248-1254.   DOI
8 Depies, K. K. and L. E. Armentano. 1995. Partial replacement of alfalfa fiber with fiber from ground corn cobs or wheat middlings. J. Dairy Sci. 78:1328-1335.   DOI   ScienceOn
9 AOAC. 1995. Official method of analysis, 16th ed. Animal Feeds: Association of Official Analytical Chemists, Virginia, USA, pp. 1-18.
10 Broderick, G. A. and N. R. Merchen. 1992. Markers for quantifying microbial protein synthesis in the rumen. J. Dairy Sci. 75:2618-2632.   DOI
11 Van Soest, P. J., J. B. Robertson and B. A. Lewis. 1991. Methods of dietary fiber, neutral detergent fiber and non-starch carbohydrates in relation to animal nutrition. J. Dairy Sci. 74:3583-3597.   DOI   ScienceOn
12 Wanapat, M., N. Nontaso, C. Yuangklang, S. Wora-anu, A. Ngarmsang, C. Wachirapakorn and P. Rowlinson. 2003. Comparative study between swamp buffalo and native cattle in feed digestibility and potential transfer of buffalo rumen digesta into cattle. Asian-Aust. J. Anim. Sci. 16:504-510.   과학기술학회마을   DOI
13 Wanapat, M., R. Pilajun and P. Kongmun. 2009a. Ruminal ecology of swamp buffalo as influenced by dietary sources. Anim. Feed Sci. Technol. 151:205-214.   DOI   ScienceOn
14 Wanapat, M., S. Polyorach, K. Boonnop, C. Mapato and A. Cherdthong. 2009b. Effects of treating rice straw with urea or urea and calcium hydroxide upon intake, digestibility, rumen fermentation and milk yield of dairy cows. Livest. Sci. 125: 238-243.   DOI   ScienceOn
15 Valadares, R. F. D., G. A. Broderick, S. C. Valadares and M. K. Clayton. 1999. Effect of replacing alfalfa silage with high moisture corn on ruminal protein synthesis estimated from excretion of total purine derivatives. J. Dairy Sci. 82:2686-2696.   DOI   ScienceOn
16 Van Soest, P. J. 1965. Symposium on factors influencing the voluntary intake of herbage by ruminants-voluntary intake in relation to chemical composition and digestibility. J. Anim. Sci. 24:834-843.
17 Wanapat, M. 1999. Feeding of ruminants in the tropics based on local feed resources, (Khon Kaen Publishing Company Ltd., Khon Kaen, Thailand).
18 Wanapat, M. 2000. Rumen manipulation to increase the efficiency use of local feed resources and productivity of ruminants in tropics. Asian-Aust. J. Anim. Sci. 13(Suppl.):59-67.
19 Wanapat, M. and O. Pimpa. 1999. Effect of ruminal NH3-N levels on ruminal fermentation, purine derivatives, digestibility and rice straw intake in swamp buffaloes. Asian-Aust. J. Anim. Sci. 12:904-907.   DOI   ScienceOn
20 Wanapat, M. and P. Rowlinson. 2007. Nutrition and feeding of swamp buffalo: feed resources and rumen approach. Italian J. Anim. Sci. 6:67-73.
21 Wanapat, M. and S. Khampa. 2007. Effect of levels of supplementation of concentrate containing high levels of cassava chip on rumen ecology, microbial N supply and digestibility of nutrients in beef cattle. Asian-Aust. J. Anim. Sci. 20:75-81.   과학기술학회마을
22 Promkot, C. and M. Wanapat. 2005. Effect of level of crude protein and use of cottonseed meal in diets containing cassava chips and rice straw for lactating dairy cows. Asian-Aust. J. Anim. Sci. 18:502-511.   과학기술학회마을   DOI
23 Kiyothong, K. and M. Wanapat. 2004. Growth, hay yield and chemical composition of cassava and Stylo 184 grown under intercropping. Aisan-Aust. J. Anim. Sci. 17:799-807.   DOI
24 Peyton, S. C. and H. R. Conrad. 1982. Corncobs as energy with urea nitrogen in dairy rations. J. Dairy Sci. 65:1465-1471.   DOI
25 Pimpa, O., J. B. Liang, J. Balcells, Z. A. Jelan and N. Abdullah. 2003. Urinary purine derivative excretion in swamp buffaloes after duodenal purine base infusion. Anim. Feed Sci. Technol. 104:191-199.   DOI   ScienceOn
26 Russell, J. B. and J. L. Rychlik. 2001. Factors that alter rumen microbial ecology. Science 292:1119-1122.   DOI   ScienceOn
27 Samuel, M., S. Sagathewan, J. Thomas and G. Mathen. 1997. An HPLC method for estimation of volatile fatty acids of ruminal fluid. Indian J. Anim. Sci. 67:805-807.
28 SAS. 1996. User's guide: Statistic, Version 5. Edition. SAS. Inst Cary, NC, USA.
29 Siddons, R. C., J. Paradine, D. E. Beever and P. R. Cornell. 1985. Ytterbium acetate as a particulate-phase digesta-flow marker. Br. J. Nutr. 54:509-520.   DOI   ScienceOn
30 Singh, M., K. Sharma, N. Dutta, P. Singh, A. K. Verma and U. R. Mehra. 2007. Estimation of rumen microbial protein supply using urinary purine derivatives excretion in crossbred calves fed at different levels of feed intake. J. Anim. Sci. 20:1567-1574.
31 Thanh, Vo Thi Kim and E. R. Orskov. 2006. Causes of differences in urinary excretion of purine derivatives in buffaloes and cattle. J. Anim. Sci. 82:355-358.
32 Han, S. O., H. Yukawa, M. Inui and R. H. Doi. 2003. Regulation of expression of cellulosomal cellulase and hemicellulase genes in Clostridium cellulovorans. J. Bacteriol. 185:6067-6075.   DOI
33 Dewhurst, R. J., D. R. Davies and R. J. Merry. 2000. Microbial protein supply from the rumen. Anim. Feed Sci. Technol. 85: 1-21.   DOI   ScienceOn
34 Fries, G. F., C. A. Lassiter, D. M. Steath and J. W. Rust. 1955. A preliminary report on the value of corn cobs and cottonseed hulls for growing dairy heifers. J. Anim. Sci. 14:1203-1210.
35 Galyean, M. 1989. Laboratory Procedure in Animal Nutrition Research. Department of Animal and Life Science. New Mexico State University, USA. p. 187.
36 Hawk, P. B., B. L. Oser and W. H. Summerson. 1976. Prac. Physiol. Chem., 14th ed. McGraw Hill Publishing Company Ltd., London.
37 Hobson, P. N. 1969. Continuous culture of some anaerobic and facutatively anaerobic rumen bacteria. J. Gen. Microbiol. 38: 80-167.
38 Hungate, R. E. 1966. The rumen and its microbes. Academic Press. New York and London. p. 533.
39 Hungate, R. E. 1969. A roll tube method for cultivation of strict anaerobes. In: Methods in Microbiology, edited by Norris (Ed. J. R. Norris and D. W. Ribbons), New York. Academic. pp. 313-117.
40 IAEA. 1997. Determination of purine derivative in urine. In: Estimation of the rumen microbial protein production from purine derivatives in rumen. Animal Production and Health Section. Vienna, Austria. p. 49.
41 Khampa, S., M. Wanapat, C. Wachirapakorn, N. Nontaso and M. Wattiaux. 2006. Effects of urea level and sodium DL-malate in concentrate containing high cassava chip on ruminal fermentation efficiency, microbial protein synthesis in lactating dairy cows raised under tropical condition. Asian-Aust. J. Anim. Sci. 19:837-844.   과학기술학회마을   DOI