Effects of Different Levels of Supplementary Alpha-amylase on Digestive Enzyme Activities and Pancreatic Amylase mRNA Expression of Young Broilers |
Jiang, Zhengyu
(College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University)
Zhou, Yanmin (College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University) Lu, Fuzeng (College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University) Han, Zhaoyu (College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University) Wang, Tian (College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University) |
1 | Zanella, I., N. K. Sakomura, F. G. Silversides, A. Fiqueirdo and M. Pack. 1999. Effect of enzyme supplementation of broiler diets based on maize and soybeans. Poult. Sci. 78:561-568. DOI |
2 | Noy, Y. and D. Sklan. 1995. Digestion and absorption in the young chick. Poult. Sci. 74:366-373. DOI ScienceOn |
3 | Osman, A. M. and N. I. Tanios. 1983. The effect of heat on the intestinal and pancreatic levels of amylase and maltase of laying hens and broilers. Biochem. Physio. 75A:563-565. |
4 | Piao, X. S., I. K. Han, J. H. Kim, T. Cho, Y. H. Kim and C. Liang. 1999. Effects of kemzyme, phytase and yeast supplementation on the growth performance and pollution reduction of broiler chicks. Asian-Aust. J. Anim. Sci. 12:36-41. DOI |
5 | Rideau, N., Z. Nitzan and P. Mongin. 1983. Activities of amylase, trypsin and lipase in the pancreas and small intestine of the laying hen during egg formation. Br. Poult. Sci. 24:1-8. DOI |
6 | Ritz, C. W., R. M. Halet, B. B. Self and D. M. Denbow. 1995. Endogenous amylase levels and response to supplementation feed enzymes in male turkeys from hatch to eight weeks of age. Poult. Sci. 74:1317-1322. DOI ScienceOn |
7 | Rothman, S., C. Liebow and L. Isenman. 2002. Conservation of digestive enzymes. Physiol. Rev. 82:1-18. DOI |
8 | Erlanger, B. F., N. Kokowski and W. Cohen. 1961. The preparation and properties of two new chromogenic substrates of trypsin. Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 95:271-278. DOI ScienceOn |
9 | Glazer, B. and M. L. Steer. 1977. Requirements for activation of trypsinogen and chymotrypsinogen in rabbit pancreatic juice. Anal. Biochem. 77:130-140. DOI ScienceOn |
10 | Gracia, M. I., M. J. Aranibar, R. Lazaro, P. Medel and G. G. Mateos. 2003. Alpha-amylase supplementation of broiler diets based on corn. Poult. Sci. 82:436-442. DOI |
11 | Iji, P. A., K. Khumalo, S. Slippers and R. M. Gous. 2003. Intestinal function and body growth of broiler chickens fed on diets based on maize dried at different temperatures and supplemented with a microbial enzyme. Reprod. Nutr. Dev. 43:77-90. DOI ScienceOn |
12 | Acamovic, T. 2001. Commercial application of enzyme technology for poultry production. World's Poult. Sci. J. 57:225-243. DOI ScienceOn |
13 | Bedford, M. R. and K. Autio. 1996. Microscopic examination of feed and digesta from wheat-fed broiler chickens and its relation to bird performance. Poult. Sci. 75:1-14. DOI ScienceOn |
14 | Bedford, M. R. 2000. Exogenous enzymes in monogastric nutrition-their current value and future benefits. Anim. Feed Sci. Technol. 86:1-13. DOI ScienceOn |
15 | Bird, F. H. 1971. Distribution of trypsin and -amylase activities in the duodenum of the domestic fowl. Br. Poult. Sci. 12:373- 378. DOI ScienceOn |
16 | Brannon, P. M. 1990. Adaptation of the exocrine pancreas to diet. Annu. Rev. Nutr. 10:85-105. DOI ScienceOn |
17 | Brock, F. M., C. W. Forsberg and J. C. Buchanan-Smith. 1982. Proteolytic activity of rumen microorganism and effects of proteinase inhibitors. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 44:561-569. |
18 | Lonergan, P., A. Rizos, A. P. Gutierrez, P. M. Moriera, B. Pintado and J. de la Fuente. 2003. Temperal divergence in pattern of messenger RNA expression in bovine embryos cultured from the zyogte to blastocyst stage in vitro or in vivo. Biol. Reprod. 69:1424-1431. DOI ScienceOn |
19 | Lowry, O. H., N. J. Rosebrough, A. L. Farr and R. J. Randall. 1951. Protein measurement with Folin phenol reagent. J. Biol. Chem. 193:265-273. |
20 | Mahagna, M., I. Nir, M. Larbier and Z. Nitsan. 1995. Effect of age and exogenous amylase and protease on development of the digestive tract, pancreatic enzyme activities and digestibility of nutrients in young meat-type chicks. Reprod. Nutr. Dev. 35:201-212. DOI ScienceOn |
21 | Murai, A., S. Satoh, J. Okumura and M. Furuse. 2000. Factors regulating amylase secretion from chicken pancreatic acini in vitro. Life Sci. 66:585-591. DOI ScienceOn |
22 | Nitsan, Z., G. Avraham, Z. Zoref and I. Nir. 1991. Growth and development of the digestive organs and some enzymes in broiler chicks after hatching. Br. Poult. Sci. 32:515-523. DOI ScienceOn |
23 | Nitsan, Z. and Z. Madar. 1978. The level and origin of amylase (EC 3.2.1.1) in the digestive tract of chicks receving trypsin inhibitors in their diet. Br. J. Nutr. 40:235-241. DOI ScienceOn |
24 | Cowieson, A. J. 2005. Factors that affect the nutritive value of maize for broilers. Anim. Feed Sci. Technol. 119:293-305. DOI ScienceOn |
25 | Cowieson, A. J., T. Acamovic and M. R. Berford. 2006. Using the precision-feeding bioassay to determine the efficacy of exogenous enzymes- A new perspective. Anim. Feed Sci. Technol. 129:149-158. DOI ScienceOn |
26 | SAS. 1991. SAS User's Guide Version 6.03. SAS Institute, Cary, NC. |
27 | Inborr, J. 1990. Enzymes: catalysts for pig performance. Feed Manage. 41:22-30. |
28 | Kullka, R. and D. Duksin. 1964. Patterns growth and -amylase activity in the developing chick pancreas. Biochem. Biophys. Acta. 91:506-514. |
29 | Onderci, M., N. Sahin, K. Sahin, G. Gikim, A. Aydin, I. Ozercan and S. Aydin. 2006. Efficacy of supplementation of -amylaseproducing bacterial culture on the performance, nutrient use, and gut morphology of broiler chickens fed a corn-based diet. Poult. Sci. 85:505-510. DOI |
30 | Sarıcicek, B. Z., U. Kılıç and A. V. Garipoglu. 2005. Replacing soybean meal (SBM) by canola meal (CM): The effects of multi-enzyme and phytase supplementation on the performance of growing and laying quails. Asian-Aust. J. Anim. Sci 18:1457-1463. 과학기술학회마을 DOI |
31 | Selle, P. H., V. Ravindran, G. Ravindran and W. L. Bryden. 2007. Effects of dietary lysine and microbial phytase on growth performance and nutrient utilisation of broiler chickens. Asian-Aust. J. Anim. Sci. 20:1100-1107. 과학기술학회마을 DOI |
32 | Somogyi, M. 1960. Modification of two methods for the assay of amylase. Clin. Chem. 6:23-27. |
33 | Iwamori, M., Y. Iwamori and N. Ito. 1997. Sulfated lipids as inhibitors of pancreatic trypsin and chymotrypsin in epithelium of the mammalian digestive tract. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 237:262-265. DOI ScienceOn |
34 | Swanson, K. C., J. C. Matthews, A. D. Matthews, J. A. Matthews, J. A. Howell, C. J. Richards and D. L. Harmon. 2000. Dietary carbohydrate source and energy intake influence the expression of pancreatic -amylase in lambs. J. Nutr. 130:2157-2165. DOI |
35 | Ashild, K. and L. S. Jerry. 1989. Influence of age on lipase, amylase, and protease activities in pancreatic tissue and intestinal contents of young turkeys. Poult. Sci. 68:1561-1568. DOI ScienceOn |
36 | Cowieson, A. J., T. Acamovic and M. R. Bedford. 2003. Supplementation of diets containing pea meal with exogenous enzymes: Effects on weight gain, feed conversion, nutrient digestibility and gross morphology of the gastrointestinal tract of growing broiler chicks. Br. Poult. Sci. 44:427-437. DOI ScienceOn |
37 | Verduin, P. A., J. M. Punt and H. H. Kreutzer. 1973. Studies on the determination of lipase activity. Clinica. Chimica. Acta. 46:11- 19. DOI ScienceOn |
38 | Xu, M., J. H. Yao, Y. H. Wang and F. N. Wang. 2006. Influence of rumen escape starch on -amylase activity in pancreatic tissue and small intestinal digesta of lambs. Asian-Aust. J. Anim. Sci. 19:1749-1754. 과학기술학회마을 DOI |
39 | Wang, Z. R., S. Y. Qiao, W. Q. Lu and D. F. Li. 2005. Effects of enzyme supplementation on performance, nutrient digestibility, gastrointestional morphology, and volatile fatty acid profiles in the hindgut of broilers fed wheat-based diets. Poult. Sci. 84:875-881. DOI |