Chemical Composition, Degradation Characteristics and Effect of Tannin on Digestibility of Some Browse Species from Kenya Harvested during the Wet Season |
Osuga, I.M.
(Laboratory of Animal Science, Faculty of Life and Environmental Science, Shimane University)
Abdulrazak, S.A. (Division of Research and Extension, Egerton University) Ichinohe, T. (Laboratory of Animal Science, Faculty of Life and Environmental Science, Shimane University) Fujihara, T. (Laboratory of Animal Science, Faculty of Life and Environmental Science, Shimane University) |
1 | Getachew, G., M. Blummel, H. P. S. Makkar and K. Becker. 1998. In vitro gas measuring techniques for assessment of nutritional quality of feeds: a review. Anim. Feed Sci. Tech. 72:261-281. |
2 | Kibon, A. and E. R. Orskov. 1993. The use of degradation characteristics of browse plants to predict intake and digestibility by goats. Anim. Prod. 57:247-251. |
3 | Makkar, H. P. S., M. Blummel and K. Becker. 1995. Formation of complexes between polyvinyl pyrrolidones or polyethylene glycols and tannins and their implication in gas production and true digestibility in in vitro techniques. Br. J. Nutr. 73:897-913. |
4 | Mangan, J. 1988. Nutritional effects of tannins in animal feeds. Nutr. Res. Rev. 1:209-231. |
5 | McSweeney, C. S., B. Palmer, R. Bunch and D. O. Krause. 1999. In vitro quality assessment of tannin-containing tropical shrub legumes: protein and fibre digestion. Anim. Feed Sci. Tech. 82:227-241. |
6 | Nsahlai, I. V., D. E. K. Siaw and P. O. Osuji. 1994. The relationship between gas production and chemical composition of 23 browses of the genus Sesbania. J. Agric. Food Sci. 65:13-20. |
7 | Tolera, A., K. Khazaal and E. R. Orskov. 1997. Nutritive evaluation of some browse species. Anim. Feed Sci. Tech. 67:181-195. |
8 | Van Soest, P. J., J. B. Robertson and B. A. Lewis. 1991. Methods of fiber, neutral detergent fiber and non-starch carbohydrates in relation to animal nutrition. J. Dairy Sci. 74:3583-3597. |
9 | Rubanza, C. D. K., M. N. Shem, R. Otsyina, N. Nishino, T. Ichinohe and T. Fujihara. 2003a. Content of phenolics and tannins in leaves and pods of some Acacia and Dichrostachys species and effects on in vitro digestibility. J. Anim. Feed Sci. 12:645-663. |
10 | El hassan, S. M., A. Lahlou Kassi, C. J. Newbold and R. J. Wallace. 2000. Chemical composition and degradation characteristics of foliage of some African multipurpose trees. Anim. Feed Sci. Tech. 86:27-37. |
11 | Menke, K. H. and H. Steingass. 1988. Estimation of the energetic feed value obtained from chemical analysis and in vitro gas production using rumen fluid. Anim. Res. Develop. 28:7-55. |
12 | Abdulrazak, S. A., E. A. Orden, T. Ichinohe and T. Fujihara. 2000. Chemical composition, phenolic concentration and in vitro gas production characteristics of selected Acacia fruits and leaves. Asian-Aust. J. Anim. Sci. 13:935-940. |
13 | Teguia, A., E. R. Orskov and D. J. Kyle. 1999. A note on ruminal in situ degradability and in vitro gas production of some West African grass species and multipurpose legume tree leaves. J. Anim. Feed Sci. 8:415-424. |
14 | Norton, B. W. 1994. The nutritive value of tree legumes. In: (Ed. R. C. Gutteridge and H. M. Shelton), Forage Tree Legumes in Tropical Agriculture, CAB international, pp. 177-191. |
15 | AOAC (Association of Official Analytical Chemists). 1990. Official methods of analysis, 15th Edn. Association of Official Analytical Chemists, Washington DC, USA. |
16 | Makkar, H. P. S. and K. Becker. 1996. A bioassay for polyphenols (tannins). Polyphenols communications 96, July 15-18, Bordenaux (France). |
17 | SAS/Statview. 1999. Using Statview. Statistical Analysis System (SAS) Inc. 3rd Ed. |
18 | Salawu, M. B., T. Acamovic, C. S. Stewart and B. Maasdorp. 1997. Assessment of nutritive value of Calliandra calothyrsus: its chemical composition and influence of tannins, pipecolic acid and polyethylene glycol on in vitro organic matter digestibility. Anim. Feed Sci. Tech. 69:207-217. |
19 | Blummel, M. and E. R. Orskov. 1993. Comparison of gas production and nylon bag degradability of roughages in predicting feed intake in cattle. Anim. Feed Sci. Tech. 40:109-119. |
20 | Nair, P. V., A. K. Verma, R. S. Dass and U. R. Mehra. 2002. Growth and nutrient utilization in Buffalo calves fed on ureaammoniated wheat straw and hydrochloric acid plus urea treated wheat straw. Asian-Aust. J. Anim. Sci. 15:682-686. |
21 | Makkar, H. P. S. and K. Becker. 1998. Do tannins in leaves of trees and shrubs from African and Himalayan regions differ in level and activity? Agrofor. Sys. 40:59-68. |
22 | Gonzalez Ronquillo, M., M. Fondevila, A. Barrios Urdaneta and Y. Newman. 1998. In vitro gas production from buffel grass (Cenchrus ciliaris L.) fermentation in relation to the cutting interval, level of nitrogen fertilisation and season of growth. Anim. Feed Sci. Tech. 72:19-32. |
23 | Orskov, E. R. and I. McDonald. 1979. The estimation of protein degradation in the rumen from incubation measurements weighted according to the rate of passage. J. Agri. Sci. 92:499-503. |
24 | Marinas, A., R. Garcia-Gonzalez and M. Fondevila. 2003. The nutritive value of five pasture species occurring in the summer grazing ranges of the Pyrenees. Anim. Sci. 76:461-469. |
25 | Viengsavanh, P. and L. Inger. 2002. Performance of growing goats fed Panicum maximum and leaves of Gliricidia sepium. Asian-Aust. J. Anim. Sci. 15:1585-1590. |
26 | Fadel Elseed, A. M. A., A. E. Amin, Khadiga, A. Abdel Ati, J. Sekine, M. Hishinuma and K. Hamana. 2002. Nutritive evaluation of some fodder tree species during the dry season in central Sudan. Asian-Aust. J. Anim. Sci. 15:844-850. |
27 | Getachew, G., H. P. S. Makkar and K. Becker. 2002. Tropical browses: contents of phenolic compounds, in vitro gas production and stoichiometric relationship between short chain fatty acid and in vitro gas production. J. Agric. Sci. 139:341-352. |
28 | Rubanza, C. D. K., M. N. Shem, R. Otsyina, T. Ichinohe and T. Fujihara. 2003b. Nutritive evaluation of some browse tree legume foliages native to semi-arid areas in western Tanzania. Asian-Aust. J. Anim. Sci. 16:1429-1437. |
29 | Abdulrazak, S. A., J. Nyangaga and T. Fujihara. 2001. Relative palatability to sheep of some browse species, their in sacco degradability and in vitro gas production characteristics. Asian-Aust. J. Anim. Sci. 14:1580-1584. |
30 | Makkar, H. P. S. 2000. Quantification of tannins in tree foliage. A laboratory manual for the FAO/IAEA co-ordinated research project on 'Use of Nuclear and Related Techniques to Develop Simple Tannin Assays for Predicting and Improving the Safety and Efficiency of Feeding Ruminants on Tanniniferous Tree foliage'. FAO/IAEA working document IAEA, VIENA (Austria), p. 14. |