Effect of Additives on the Fermentation Quality and Residual Mono- and Disaccharides Compositions of Forage Oats (Avena sativa L.) and Italian Ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum Lam.) Silages |
Shao, Tao
(Department of Grassland and Forage Science, College of Animal Sciences and Technology Nanjing Agricultural University)
Shimojo, M. (Laboratory of Animal Feed Science, Division of Animal Science, Department of Animal and Marine Bioresource Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University) Wang, T. (Department of Grassland and Forage Science, College of Animal Sciences and Technology Nanjing Agricultural University) Masuda, Y. (Laboratory of Animal Feed Science, Division of Animal Science, Department of Animal and Marine Bioresource Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University) |
1 | Alli, I., S. Pabari, R. Fairbairn and B. E. Baker. 1985. The effects of sorbates on the ensilage of chopped whole-plant maize and lucerne. J. Sci. Food Agric. 36:63-70. |
2 | Hattori, I., S. Kumai and R. Fukumi. 1996. Concentration of caproic and sorbic acids effective for inhibition of aerobic deterioration. Anim. Sci. Technol. 67:1101-1109. |
3 | McDonald, P., A. R. Henderson and S. J. E. Heron. 1991. The biochemistry of silage. 2nd edn. Cambrian Printers Ltd. Aberystwyth. pp. 184-236. |
4 | Ohshima, M., E. Kimura and H. Yokota. 1997b. A method of making good quality silage from direct cut alfalfa by spraying previously fermented juice. Anim. Feed Sci. Technol. 66:129-137. |
5 | Ohshima, M., L. M. Cao, E. Kimura and H. Yokota. 1997c. Influence of addition of fermented green juice to alfalfa ensiled at different moisture contents. Grass. Sci. 43:56-58. |
6 | Weinberg, Z. G., G. Ashbell and A. Azrieli. 1988. The effect of applying lactic acid bacteria in ensiling on the chemical and microbiological composition of vetch, wheat and alfalfa silages. J. Appl. Bacteriol. 64:1-7. |
7 | Weinberg, Z. G., G. Ashbell and B. Horev. 1989. The effect of sorbic acid on loss reduction during storage of orange peels. J. Sci. Food Agric. 46:253-258. |
8 | Cai, Y., S. Kumai, J. G. Zhang and Y. Benno. 1999. Comparative studies of lactobacilli and enterococci associated with forage crops as silage inoculants. Anim. Sci. J. 70(4):188-194. |
9 | Shao, T., N. Ohba, M. Shimojo and Y. Masuda. 2004. Effects of adding glucose, sorbic acid and pre-fermented juices on the fermentation quality of guineagrass (Panicum maximum Jacq.) silages. Asian-Aust. J. Anim. Sci. 17:808-813. |
10 | Guan, W. T., F. Driehuis and P. V. Wikselaar. 2002. The influences of addition of sugar with or without L. buchneri on fermentation and aerobic stability of whole crop maize silage ensiled under anaerobic silos. Asian-Aust. J. Anim. Sci. 15(8): 1128-1133. |
11 | Ohyama, Y., S. Masaki, A. Takigawa and T. Morichi. 1971. Studies on various factors affecting silage fermentation IX. Synergistic effect of inoculation of lactobacillus plantarum and addition of glucose on silage quality. Jap. J. Zootech. Sci. 42:1-8. |
12 | Woolford, M. K. 1975. Microbiological screening of food preservation, cold sterilants and specific antimicrobial agents as potential silage additives. J. Sci. Food Agric. 26:229-237. DOI |
13 | Shao, T., N. Ohba, M. Shimojo and Y. Masuda. 2002. Dynamics of early fermentation of Italian ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum Lam.) silage. Asian-Aust. J. Anim. Sci. 15(11):1606-1610. |
14 | Shao, T., N. Ohba, M. Shimojo and Y. Masuda. 2003. Effects of addition of glucose and sorbic acid on the fermentation quality of guineagrass (Panicum maximum Jacq.) silages. J. Fac. Agric. Kyushu. 47(2):351-358. |
15 | Tamada, J., H. Yokota, M. Ohshima and I. Choi. 1996. Effect of application of cellulase and lactic acid bacteria inoculant on the fermentation quality of napier grass (Pennisetum purpureum Schum.) silage. Proc. 8th AAAP Anim. Sci. Congr. Jap. Soc. Zootech. Sci. Tokyo Japan 2:256-257. |
16 | Iwasaki, K., T. Nakui, M. Hayakawa and N. Tamada. 1978. Influence of the variety and harvesting date on the nutritive value of oat plant and the nutritive value of silages prepared from three different varieties of oats. J. Jap. Grassl. Sci. 23:348-355. In Japanese with English summary. |
17 | Alli, I. and B. E. Baker. 1982. Effects of additives on lactic acid production and water soluble carbohydrates in chopped corn and alfalfa. J. Dairy Sci. 65:1472-1478. |
18 | Barker, S. B. and W. H. Summerson. 1941. The colorimetric determination of lactic acid in biological material. J. Biol. Chem. 138:535-554. |
19 | Rooke, J. A. 1990. The numbers of epiphytic bacteria on grass at ensilage on commercial farms. J. Sci. Food Agric. 51:523-525. |
20 | Ohyama, Y., S. Masaki and T. Morichi. 1973. Effects of temperature and glucose addition on the process of silage fermentation. Jap. J. Zootech. Sci. 44:59-67. |
21 | Ohyama, Y., T. Morichi and S. Masaki. 1975. The effect of inoculation with lactobacillus plantarum and the addition of glucose at ensiling on the quality of aerated silages. J. Sci. Food Agric. 26:1001-1008. |
22 | SAS Institute Inc. 1984. SAS/STAT User’s Guide:Version 6. 4th edn. SAS Institute Inc., Cary, North Carolina. |
23 | AOAC. 1984. Official Methods of Analysis. 14th edn. Association of Official and Analytical Chemists Arlington, Virginia-22201. |
24 | Dewar, W. A. and P. McDonald. 1961. Determination of dry matter in silage by distillation with toluene. J. Sci. Food Agric. 12:790-795. |
25 | Henderson, A. R. and P. McDonald. 1971. Effect of formic acid on the fermentation of grass of low dry matter content. J. Sci. Food Agric. 22:157-163. |
26 | Lacey, J., K. A. Lord and G. R. Cayley. 1981. Chemicals for preservative for moulding in damp hay. Anim. Feed Sci. Technol. 6:323-326. |
27 | Masuko, T., S. Okada, T. Uchimura and K. Awaya. 1992. Effects of inoculation with lactic acid bacteria culture at ensiling on the fermentative quality and flora of lactic acid bacteria of grass silage. Anim Sci. Technol. 63:1182-1187. In Japanese with English summary. |
28 | Ohshima, M., Y. Ohshima, E. Kimura and H. Yokota. 1997a. Fermentation quality of alfalfa and Italian ryegrass silages treated with previously fermented juices prepared from both the herbages. Anim. Sci. Technol. Jpn. 68:41-44. |