Methane Emission, Nutrient Digestibility, Energy Metabolism and Blood Metabolites in Dairy Cows Fed Silages with and without Galacto-oligosaccharides Supplementation |
Santoso, B.
(Department of Animal Science, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine)
Kume, S. (Department of Animal Production, Hokkaido National Agricultural Experiment Station) Nonaka, K. (Department of Animal Production, Hokkaido National Agricultural Experiment Station) Kimura, K. (Yakult Central Institute for Microbiological Research) Mizukoshi, H. (Yakult Central Institute for Microbiological Research) Gamo, Y. (Department of Animal Science, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine) Takahashi, J. (Department of Animal Science, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine) |
1 | Biavati, A. and P. Mattarelli. 1991. Bifidobacterium ruminantium sp. nov. and Bifidobacterium merycicum sp. nov. from the rumens of cattle. Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol. 41:163-168. DOI ScienceOn |
2 | Brouwer, E. 1965. Report of sub-committee on constants and factors. In: Proceedings of the 3rd EAAP Symposium on Energy Metabolism (Ed. K. L. Blaxter). Troon, Publ. 11. Academic Press. pp. 441-413. |
3 | Tokura, M., K. Ushida, K. Miyazaki and Y. Kojima. 1997. Methanogens associated with rumen ciliates. FEMS Microbiol. Ecol. 22:137-143. DOI ScienceOn |
4 | Trovatelli, L. D and D. Matteuzzi. 1976. Presence of bifidobacteria in the rumen of calves fed different rations. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 32:470-473. |
5 | Stumm, C. K., H. J. Gijzen and G. D. Vogels. 1982. Association of methanogenic bacteria with ovine rumen ciliates. Br. J. Nutr. 47:95-99. DOI ScienceOn |
6 | Chakravarti, I. M., R. G. Laha and J. Roy. 1967. Handbook of Methods of Applied Statistics, Vol. II: Planning of Surveys and Experiments. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., New York. pp. 70-88. |
7 | Minami, Y., K. Yazawa, K. Nakamura and Z. Tamura. 1985. Selectivity and efficiency of utilization of galactosyloligosaccharides by bifidobacteria. Chem. Pharm. Bull. 33: 710-714. DOI ScienceOn |
8 | Weiss, W. P and W. L. Shockey. 1991. Value of orchardgrass and alfalfa silages fed with varying amounts of concentrates to dairy cows. J. Dairy Sci. 74:1933-1943. DOI |
9 | Bonhomme, A. 1990. Rumen ciliates: their metabolism and relationship with bacteria and their host. Anim. Feed Sci. Tech nol. 30:203-266. DOI ScienceOn |
10 | Rowlands, G. J., W. Little, R. Mantson and S. M. Dew. 1974. The effect of season on the composition of the blood of lactating and non-lactating cows as revealed from repeated metabolic profile test on 24 dairy herds. J. Agric. Sci. (Camb.) 83:27-35. DOI |
11 | Takahashi, J., A. S. Chaudhry, R. G. Beneke, Suhubdy and B. A. Young. 1997. Modification of methane emission in sheep by cysteine and a microbial preparation. Sci. Total Environ. 204: 117-123. DOI ScienceOn |
12 | Pethick, D. W. and F. R. Dunshea. 1993. Fat metabolism and turnover. In: Quantitative Aspects of Ruminant Digestion and Metabolism. (Ed. J.M. Forbes and J. France). C.A.B. International, Willingford, UK. pp. 291-311. |
13 | Tanaka, R. and K. Matsumoto. 1998. Recent progress on probiotics in Japan, including galacto-oligosaccharides. Bull. Int. Dairy. Sci. 336:21-27. |
14 | Nadeau, E. M. G., D. R. Buxton, E. Lindgren and P. Lingval. 1996. Kinetics of cell-wall digestion of orchardgrass and alfalfa silages treated with cellulose and formic acid. J. Dairy Sci. 79: 2207-2216. DOI |
15 | Takahashi, J. 2001. Nutritional manipulation of methanogenesis in ruminants. Asian-Aust. J. Anim. Sci. 14:131-135. |
16 | Lee, L., S. Kinoshita, H. Kumagai and T. Tochikura. 1980. Galactokinase of Bifidobacterium bifidum. Agric. Biol. Chem. 44:2961-2966. DOI |
17 | Statistical Analysis Systems Institute. 1990. User's Guide Statistic, Version 6, Cary, NC, USA. |
18 | Ogimoto, K. and S. Imai. 1981. Atlas of rumen microbiology. Japan Scientific Societies Press. p. 231. |
19 | Bouhnik, Y., B. Flourie, L. D'Agay-Abensour, P. Pochart, G. Gramet, M. Durand and J. Rambaud. 1997. Administration of transgalacto-oligosaccharises increases fecal Bifidobacteria and modifies colonic fermentation metabolism in healthy humans. J. Nutr. 127:444-448. |
20 | Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries Research Council Secretariat. 1994. Japanese Feeding Standard for Dairy Cattle, Chuouchikusankai, Tokyo. |
21 | Toharmat, T., I. Nonaka, M. Shimizu, K. K. Batajoo and S. Kume. 1998. Effect of prepartum energy intake and calving season on blood composition of periparturient cows. Asian-Aus. J. Anim. Sci. 11:739-745. DOI |
22 | Gustafsson, A. H. and D. L. Palmquist. 1993. Diurnal variation of rumen ammonia, serum urea and milk urea in dairy cows at high and low yields. J. Dairy Sci. 76:475-484. DOI ScienceOn |
23 | Hoffman, P. C., D. K. Combs and M. D. Casler. 1998. Performance of lactating dairy cows fed alfalfa silage or perennial ryegrass silage. J. Dairy Sci. 81:162-168. DOI ScienceOn |
24 | Mathison, G. W., E. K. Okine, T. A. McAllister, Y. Dong, J. Galbraith and O. I. N. Dmytruk. 1998. Reducing methane emissions from ruminant animals. J. Appl. Anim. Res. 14:1-28. DOI |
25 | Sako, T., K. Matsumoto and R. Tanaka. 1999. Recent progress on research and applications of non-digestible galactooligosaccharides. Int. Dairy J. 9:69-80. DOI ScienceOn |
26 | Dhiman, T. R., J. Kleinmans, N. J. Tessmann, H. D. Radloff, P. Van Everet and L. D. Satter. 1991. Effect of dietary forage:grain ratio on blood constituents in dairy cows. J. Dairy Sci. 74:2691-2695. DOI ScienceOn |
27 | Gopal, P. K., P. A. Sullivan and J. B. Smart. 2001. Utilisation of galacto-oligosaccharides as selective substrates for growth by lactic acid bacteria including Bifidobacterium lactis DR10 and Lactobacillus rhamnosus DR20. Int. Dairy J. 11:19-25. DOI ScienceOn |
28 | Agricultural Research Council. 1980. The Nutrient Requirement of Ruminant Livestock. Agricultural Research Council, Commonwealth Agricultural Bureaux, Farnham Royal, England. |
29 | Blaxter, K. L. and F. W. Wainman. 1964. The utilization of the energy of different rations by sheep and cattle for maintenance and fattening. J. Agric. Sci. (Camb.). 63:113-128. DOI |
30 | Coggins, R. E. and A. C. Field. 1976. Diurnal variation in the chemical composition of plasma from lactating beef cows on three dietary energy intakes. J. Agric. Sci. (Camb.) 86:595-602. DOI |