Effects of Dietary Chromium Picolinate Supplementation on Growth Performance and Immune Responses of Broilers |
Lee, Der-Nan
(Department of Applied Animal Science, National I-Lan Institute of Technology)
Wu, Fu-Yu (Department of Applied Animal Science, National I-Lan Institute of Technology) Cheng, Yeong-Hsiang (Department of Applied Animal Science, National I-Lan Institute of Technology) Lin, Rong-Shinn (Department of Applied Animal Science, National I-Lan Institute of Technology) Wu, Po-Ching (Department of Agricultural Machinery Engineering, National I-Lan Institute of Technology) |
1 | Anderson, R. A., M. M. Polansky, N. A. Bryden and J. J. Canary. 1991. Supplemental-chromium effects on glucose, insulin, glucagon and urinary-chromium losses in subjects consuming controlled low-chromium diets. Am. Clin. Nutr. 54:909-916. DOI |
2 | Bunting, L. D., J. M. Fernandez, D. L. Thompson, Jr. and L. L. Southern. 1994. Influence of chromium picolinate on glucose usage and metabolic criteria in growing Holstein calves. J. Anim. Sci. 72:1591-1599. DOI |
3 | Gonzalez, R., J. Jimenez, H. Hernandez and J. L. Espinoza. 1997. Effect of chromium picolinate on performance and carcass components of broiler chickens. J. Anim. Sci. 75(Suppl. 1):113(Abstr.). |
4 | Kim, S. W., I. K. Han, Y. J. Choi, Y. H. Kim, I. S. Shin and B. J. Chae. 1995. Effects of chromium picolinate on growth performance, carcass composition and serum traits of broilers fed dietary different levels of crude protein. Asian-Aus. J. Anim. Sci. 5:463-470. |
5 | Lee, D. N., H. T. Yen, T. F. Shen and B. J. Chen. 1997. The effects of chromium picolinate supplementation on growth performance and immunity response of weanling pigs. J. Chin. Soc. Anim. Sci. 26:373-386. |
6 | Piao, X. S., I. K. Han, J. H. Kim, S. H. Bae, Y. H. Kim and C. Liang. 1997. Effects of metabolic active substances addition to diets with different protein level on the amount of excretion of N and P and performances of broiler. Korean J. Anim. Nutr. Feed. 21:407-418. |
7 | Rowland, L. O. Jr., R. H. Harms, H. R. Wilson, E. M. Ahmed, P. W. Waldroup and J. L. Fry. 1968. Influence of various dietary factors on bone fragility of caged layers. Poult. Sci. 47:507-511. DOI |
8 | Schwarz, K. and W. Mertz. 1957. A glucose tolerance factor and its differentiation from factor 3. Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 72:515-518. DOI ScienceOn |
9 | Burton, J. L., B. A. Mallard and D. N. Mowat. 1994. Effects of supplemental chromium on antibody responses of newly weaned feedlot calves to immunization with Infectious bovine rhinotracheitis and Parainfluenza 3 virus. Can. J. Vet. Res. 58:148-151. |
10 | Motozono, Y. K. Hatano, N. Sugawara and T. Ishibashi. 1998. Effects of dietary chromium picolinate on growth, carcass quality and serum lipids of female broilers. Anim. Sci. Technol. (Jpn) 69:659-665. |
11 | Hossain, S. M., S. L. Barreto and C. G. Silva. 1998. Growth performance and carcass composition of broiler fed supplemental chromium from chromium yeast. Anim. Feed Sci. Technol. 71:217-228. DOI ScienceOn |
12 | Dowling, H. J., E. G. Offenbacher and F. X. Pi-Sunyer. 1989. Absorption of inorganic, trivalent chromium from the vascularly perfused rat small intestine. J. Nutr. 119:1138-1145. DOI |
13 | Lee, L. F. 1978. Chicken lymphocyte stimulation by mitogens: A microassay with whole-blood cultures. Avian Dis. 22:296-307. DOI PUBMED ScienceOn |
14 | Kaneko, J. J. 1980. Clinical Biochemistry of Domestic Animals. Academic Press, New York. |
15 | Kim, Y. H., I. K. Han, I. S. Shin, B. J. Chae and T. H. Kang. 1996b. Effect of dietary excessive chromium picolinate on growth performance, nutrient utilizability and serum traits in broiler chicks. Asian-Aus. J. Anim. Sci. 9:349-354. DOI |
16 | Anderson, R. A. and A. S. Kozlovsky. 1985. Chromium intake, absorption and excretion of subjects consuming self-selected diets. Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 41:1177-1183. DOI |
17 | Chang, X., B. A. Mallard and D. N. Mowat. 1996. Effects of chromium on health status, blood neutrophil phagocytosis and in vitro lymphocyte blastogenesis of dairy cows. Vet. Immuno. Immunopath. 52:37-52. DOI ScienceOn |
18 | Kim, Y. H., I. K. Han, Y. J. Choi, I. S. Shin, B. J. Chae and T. H. Kang. 1996a. Effects of dietary levels of chromium picolinate on growth performance, carcass quality and serum traits in broiler chicks. Asian-Aus. J. Anim. Sci. 9:340-347. |
19 | Amoikon, E. K., J. M. Fernander, L. L. Southern, D. L. Thompson, Jr., T. L. Ward and B. M. Olcott. 1995. Effect of chromium tripicolinate on growth, glucose tolerance, insulin sensitivity, plasma metabolites and growth hormone in pigs. J. Anim. Sci. 73:1123-1130. DOI |
20 | Fisher, J. A. 1990. The Chromium Program. Harper & Row, New York. |
21 | Min, J. K., W. Y. Kim, B. J. Chae, I. B. Chung, I. S. Shin, Y. J. Choi and In K. Han. 1997. Effects of chromium picolinate (CrP) on growth performance, carcass characteristics and serum traits in growing-finishing pigs. Asian-Aus. J. Anim. Sci. 10:8-14. DOI |
22 | Lien, T. F., Y. M. Horng and K. H. Yang. 1999. Performance, serum characteristics, carcase traits and lipid metabolism of broilers as affected by supplement of chromium picolinate. Br. Poult. Sci. 40:357-363. DOI ScienceOn |
23 | National Research Council. 1994. Nutrient Requirements of Poultry. 9th Ed. National Academy Press, Washington, DC. |
24 | Sands, J. S. and M. O. Smith. 1999. Broilers in heat stress conditions: effects of dietary manganese proteinate or chromium picolinate supplementation. J. Appl. Poult. Res. 8:280-287. DOI |
25 | National Research Council. 1995. Nutrient Requirements of Laboratory Animals. 4th Ed. National Academy Press, Washington, DC. |
26 | Hermann, J., C. Goad, B. Stoecker, A. Arquitt, R. Porter, B. Adeleye, P. L. Claypool and G. Brusewitz. 1997. Effects of dietary chromium, copper and zinc on femur fracture force and femur calcium calcium concentration in male Japanese quail. Nutr. Res. 17:1529-1540. DOI ScienceOn |
27 | SAS Institute Inc. 1999. SAS/STAT User's Guide: Release 6.12. SAS Institute Inc., Cary, North Carolina. |
28 | Guo, Y. L., X. G. Luo, Z. L. Hao, B. Liu, J. L. Chen, F. S. Gao and S. X. Yu. 1999. Effect of chromium on growth performance, serum biochemical traits immune functions and carcass quality of broiler chickens. Scientia Agri. Sinica 32:79-86. |
29 | Luo, X., Y. L. Guo, B. Liu, Z. L. He, J. L. Chen, F. S. Gao and S. X. Yu. 1999. Effect of dietary chromium on growth, serum biochemical traits and immune responses of broiler chicks during 0-3 weeks of age. Acta Vet. et Zootechnica Sinica 30:481-489. |
30 | Evans, G. W. and T. D. Bowman. 1992. Chromium picolinate increases membrane fluidity and rate of insulin internalization. J. Inorg. Biochem. 46:243-250. DOI ScienceOn |
31 | McCarty, M. F. 1995. Anabolic effects of insulin on bone suggest a role for chromium picolinate in preservation of bone density. Med. Hypotheses 45:241-246. DOI PUBMED ScienceOn |