Browse > Article
http://dx.doi.org/10.5713/ajas.2002.806

Effects of Rumen Undegradable Protein and Minerals Proteinate on Early Lactation Performance and Ovarian Functions of Dairy Cows in the Tropics  

Kanjanapruthipong, J. (Department of Animal Sciences, Kasetsart University)
Buatong, N. (Dairy Research and Development Center, Kasetsart University)
Publication Information
Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences / v.15, no.6, 2002 , pp. 806-811 More about this Journal
Abstract
A 90 d study was designed to investigate the effects of rumen undegradable protein (RUP) and a mixture of Cu, Zn and Mn proteinate (CZMP) on milk yield and composition and ovarian functions during rainy months. Twenty four Holstein${\times}$ indigenous cows in their 2nd and 3rd lactation were randomly allocated to total mixed rations (TMR) containing soy bean meal (SBM) as a source of rumen degradable protein (RDP), SBM plus CZMP, and formalin treated SBM (FSBM) as a source of RUP. Maximum and minimum temperature humidity index during the experimental period were 83.6-84.7 and 75.4-76.1. There were no differences (p>0.05) in intakes of dry matter, crude protein and net energy and in contents of butterfat, lactose and minerals. Cows on TMR containing FSBM not only lost less weight (-278, -467 and -433 g/d) with more intake of RUP (0.92, 0.58 and 0.59 kg/d) but also produced more milk (19.27, 18.23 and 18.13 kg/d) and 4% fat corrected milk (18.57, 17.57 and 17.51 kg/d) with more protein (3.06, 2.81 and 2.80%), solids-not-fat (8.69, 8.38 and 8.38%) and less milk urea N (9.3, 15.4 and 15.0 mg/dl) compared with those on TMR containing SBM and SBM+CZMP, respectively (p<0.01). However, cows on TMR containing SBM and SBM+CZMP did not differ in these respects (p>0.05). Whereas incidence of cystic ovaries at 20 and 90 d pospartum was less (p<0.01) in cows on TMR containing SBM+CZMP (37.3 and 12.5%) than those on TMR containing SBM (62.5 and 25%), it was nil for cows on TMR containing FSBM. Cows in all three group differed (p<0.01) from each other for the recurrence of first observed estrus with those on TMR containing FSBM having least days (22, 36 and 47 d) compared with their counterpart on TMR containing SBM+CZMP and SBM, repectively. The results suggest that RUP is one of the limiting factors affecting milk yield and its composition and ovarian functions during early lactation of dairy cows in the tropics.
Keywords
Rumen Undegradable Protein; Minerals Proteinate; Early Lactation; Ovarian Functions; Tropics;
Citations & Related Records

Times Cited By Web Of Science : 5  (Related Records In Web of Science)
Times Cited By SCOPUS : 7
연도 인용수 순위
1 Association of Official Analytical Chemists. 1980. Official Methods of Analysis 13th Ed. AOAC, Washington, DC.
2 Beede, D. K. and R. J. Coller. 1986. Potential nutritional strategies for intensively managed cattle during thermal stress. J. Anim. Sci. 62:543-554.   DOI
3 Kamal, T. H. and H. D. Johnson. 1970. Whole body 40k loss as a predictor of heat tolerance in cattle. J. Dairy Sci. 53:1734-1738.   DOI
4 Huber, J. T., G. E. Higginbotham, R. A. Gomez-Alarcon, R. B. Taylor, K. H. Chen, S. C. Chan and Z. Wu. 1994. Heat stress interactions with protein, supplemental fat, and fungal cultures J. Dairy Sci. 77:2080-2090.   DOI   ScienceOn
5 National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. 1976. Livestock hot weather stress. US Dept. Commerce. National Weather Serv. Central Reg., Reg. Operations manual Lett. C-31-36.
6 National Research Council. 1988 Nutrient Requirements of Dairy Cattle. 6 th Rev. Ed., National Academic Press, Washington. DC. p. 157.
7 Oldham, J. D. 1984. Protein-energy interrelationships in dairy cows. J. Dairy Sci. 67:1090-1114.   DOI   PUBMED   ScienceOn
8 Kanjanapruthipong, J., N. Buatong and S. Buaphan. 2001. Effects of roughage neutral detergent fiber on dairy performance under tropical conditions. Asian-Aust. J. Anim. Sci. 14(10):1400-1404.   DOI
9 Butler, W. R. 1998. Effect of protein nutrition on ovarian and uterine physiology in dairy cattle. J. Dairy Sci. 81:2533-2539.   DOI   PUBMED   ScienceOn
10 Van Straalen, W. M., C. Salaum, W. A. G. Veen, Y. S. Rijpkema, G. Hof and T. J. Boxem. 1994. Validation of protein evaluation systems by means of milk production experiments with dairy cows. Neth. J. Agric. Sci. 42:89-104.
11 Taylor, R. B., J. T. Huber, R. A. Gomez-Alarcon, F. Wiersma and X. Pang. 1991. Influence of protein degradability and evaporative cooling on performance of dairy cows during hot environmental temperatures. J. Dairy Sci. 74:243-249.   DOI
12 Ferguson, J. D. and W. Chalupa. 1989. Impact of protein nutrition on reproduction in dairy cows. J. Dairy Sci. 72:746-766.   DOI   ScienceOn
13 Johnson, H. D. 1987. Bioclimates and livestock. In: Bioclimatology and the Adaptation of Livestock. (Ed. H. D. Johnson). Elsevier Science publishers. Amsterdam, Netherlands. pp. 3-16.
14 O'Donoghue, D., P. O. Brophy, M. Rath and M. P. Boland. 1995. The effect of proteinated minerals added to the diet on the performance of post-partum dairy cows. In: Proceedings of Alltech' Eleventh Annual Symposium. (Ed. T. P. Lyons and K. A. Jacques). pp. 293-297.
15 Roseler, D. K., J. D. Ferguson, C. J. Sniffen and J. Herrema. 1993. Dietary protein degradability effects on plasma and milk urea nitrogen and milk nonprotein nitrogen in Holstein Cows. J. Dairy Sci. 76:525-534.   DOI   ScienceOn
16 Higginbotham, G. E., M. Torabi and J. T. Huber. 1989. Influence of dietary protein concentration and degradability on performance of lactation cows during hot environmental temperature. 72:2554-2564.   DOI   ScienceOn
17 Whitmore, H. L., Tyler and L. E. Casida. 1974. Incidence of cystic ovaries in Holstein-Frisian cows. J. Am. Vet. Med. Assoc. 165:693-694.
18 Butler, W. R. and R. D. Smith. 1989. Interrelation ship between energy balance and postpartum reproductive function in dairy cattle. J. Dairy Sci. 72:767-783.   DOI   ScienceOn
19 Chalmers, M. E., A. E. Jeffray and F. White. 1971. Movements of ammonia following intraruminal administration of urea or casein. Proc. Nutr. Soc. 30:7-17.   DOI   ScienceOn
20 $SAS/STAT{\circledR}$ User' Guide, Version 6, 4th Edition. Vol 2. 1989. SAS Inst., Cary, NC.
21 Swanson, L. V. 1989. Interactions of nutrition and reproduction. J. Dairy Sci. 72:805-814.   DOI   PUBMED   ScienceOn
22 Firkins, J. L. 1996. Maximizing microbial protein synthesis in the rumen. J. Nutr. 126:1347s-1354s.   PUBMED
23 Hassan, A. and J. D. Roussel. 1975. Effect of protein concentration in the diet on blood composition and productivity of lactating Holstein cows under thermal stress. J. Agric. Sci. Camb. 85:409-415.   DOI
24 Kesler, D. J. and H. A. Garverick. 1982. Ovarian cysts in dairy cattle: A review. J. Anim. Sci. 55(5):1147-1159.   DOI
25 Ferguson, J. D., T. Blandchart, D. T. Galligan, D. C. Hoshall and W. Chalupa. 1988. Infertility in dairy cattle fed a high percentage of protein degradable in the rumen. J. Am. Vet. Med. Assoc. 192:659-662.
26 Stokes, S. R., W. H. Hoover, T. K. Milker and R. Blauweikel. 1991. Ruminal digestion and microbial utilization of diets varying in type of carbohydrate and protein. J. Dairy Sci. 74:871-881.   DOI   ScienceOn
27 Bequette, B. J., F. R. C. Backwell and L. A. Crompton. 1998. Current concepts of amino acid and protein metabolism in the mammary gland of the lactating ruminant. J. Dairy Sci. 81:2540-2559.   DOI   ScienceOn
28 McGuire, M. A., D. K. Beede, M. A. Delorenzo, C. J. Wilcox, G. B. Huntington, C. K. Reynolds and R. J. Collier. 1989. Effects of thermal stress and level of feed intake on portal plasma flow and net fluxes of metabolites in lactation Holstein cows. J. Anim. Sci. 67:1050-1060.   DOI
29 Visek, W. J. 1984. Ammonia: Its effects on biological systems, metabolic hormone, and reproduction. J. Dairy Sci. 67:481-498.   DOI   PUBMED   ScienceOn