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http://dx.doi.org/10.5392/IJoC.2021.17.3.001

Forecasting COVID-19 confirmed cases in South Korea using Spatio-Temporal Graph Neural Networks  

Ngoc, Kien Mai (University of Science and Technology)
Lee, Minho (University of Science and Technology)
Publication Information
International Journal of Contents / v.17, no.3, 2021 , pp. 1-14 More about this Journal
Abstract
Since the outbreak of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, a lot of efforts have been made in the field of data science to help combat against this disease. Among them, forecasting the number of cases of infection is a crucial problem to predict the development of the pandemic. Many deep learning-based models can be applied to solve this type of time series problem. In this research, we would like to take a step forward to incorporate spatial data (geography) with time series data to forecast the cases of region-level infection simultaneously. Specifically, we model a single spatio-temporal graph, in which nodes represent the geographic regions, spatial edges represent the distance between each pair of regions, and temporal edges indicate the node features through time. We evaluate this approach in COVID-19 in a Korean dataset, and we show a decrease of approximately 10% in both RMSE and MAE, and a significant boost to the training speed compared to the baseline models. Moreover, the training efficiency allows this approach to be extended for a large-scale spatio-temporal dataset.
Keywords
COVID-19 forecasting; Graph neural networks; Deep learning;
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