Browse > Article

Study of Novel Markers for Early Diagnosis of Cardiovascular Diseases  

Kang Jae Heon (Obesity Research Institute of Inje University)
Han Jung Soon (Obesity Research Institute of Inje University)
Kim Kyung A (Obesity Research Institute of Inje University)
Song Hong Ji (Obesity Research Institute of Inje University)
Publication Information
Journal of Community Nutrition / v.6, no.3, 2004 , pp. 155-163 More about this Journal
Abstract
In our country, cardiovascular disease (CVD) and Coronary heart diseases (CHD) are the leading causes of death. It is well known that CHD is multifactorial, involving environmental factors such as diet, level of exercise and cigarette smoking, and inherited factors. According to the statistical data in 2003, the cause of death with the highest mortality was including hypertension, ischemic heart disease and atherosclerosis, which accounted for $24.7\%$ of total mortality. In spite of, there have been few study reports on the change of biochemical markers and mechanisms concerned. The development of biochemical markers is required for an early diagnosis and treatment of cardiovascular diseases that are related with dietary habits of Korean people enjoying mixtures of traditional dietary style and westernized food-styles. Therefore, the most efficient cost-saving biochemical marker was established in this study, through analysis of biochemical markers related with dietary habits which are susceptibly being changed in association to cardiovascular diseases from the pre-disease phase, and through reanalysis and assessment of early diagnosis of and preventive effects of diagnosis of cardiovascular diseases by demographical character including sex, age, and socioeconomic level with use of biochemical markers that are identified and selected among the parameters in consideration of the effectiveness and appropriateness of early diagnosis of diseases. The appropriateness of biochemical markers was reviewed by professionals (medical, pharmaceutical area and food/ nutrition area) and CRP(C-Reactive Protein) and was identified to be possible in Korea. It is thought that these biochemical markers may be used as the basic data for early diagnosis and prevention of cardiovascular diseases (CVD) which may be used for Korean people.
Keywords
cardiovascular disease (CVD); biochemical marker; C-reactive protein;
Citations & Related Records
연도 인용수 순위
  • Reference
1 Danesh J, Collins R, Peto R (2002) : Lipoprotein (a) and coronary heart disease : meta-analysis of prospective studies. Circulation ; 102 : 1082-108535. van Exel E, Gussekloo J, de Craen AJ, Bootsma-van der Wiel A, Frolich M, Westendorp RG. Inflammation and stroke : the Leiden 85-Plus Study. Stroke 33 : 1135-1138   DOI   ScienceOn
2 Daniel G, Hackam, Sonia S Anand (2002) : Homocysteine Studies Collaboration. Homocysteine and risk of ischemic heart disease and stroke: a meta-analysis. JAMA 288 : 2015-2022   DOI   ScienceOn
3 Foody JM, Milberg JA, Robinson K, Pearce GL, Jacobsen DW, Sprecher DL (2000) : Homocysteine and lipoprotein (a) interact to increase CAD risk in young men and women. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 20 : 493-499   DOI   ScienceOn
4 Hart RW, Dixit R, Seng J, Turturro A, Leakey JEA, Feures R, Duffy P, Buffington C, Cowan G, Lewis S, Pipkin J,Li SY(I999) : Adaptive role of caloric intake on the degenerative disease processes. Toxicological Sciences 52 : 3-12   DOI
5 Kushner I, Sehgal AR (2002) : Is high-sensitivity C-reactive protein an effective screening test for cardiovascular risk? Arch Intern Med 162 : 867-869   DOI   ScienceOn
6 Meade TW, Imeson J, Stirling Y (1987) : Effects of changes in smoking and other characteristics on clotting factors and the risk of ischaemic heart disease. Lancet 2 : 986-988
7 Muir KW, Weir CJ, Alwan W, Squire IB, Lees KR(1999) : C-reactive protein and outcome after ischemic stroke. Stroke 30 : 981-985   DOI   ScienceOn
8 Rifai N, Ridker PM (2002) : Inflammatory markers and coronary heart disease. Current Opinion in Lipidology 13 : 383-389   DOI   ScienceOn
9 Ridker PM (1999) : Evaluating novel cardiovascular risk factors : can we better predict heart attacks? Ann Int Med 130 : 933-937   DOI   PUBMED   ScienceOn
10 Tanne D, Benderly M, Goldbourt U, Boyko V, Brunner D, Graff E, Reicher-Reiss H, Shotan A Mandelzweig L, Behar S, Bezafibrate Infarciton Prevention Study Group (2001) : A prospective study of plasma fibrinogen levels and the risk of stroke among participants in the bezafibrate infarction prevention study. Am J Med 111 : 457-463   DOI   ScienceOn
11 Weintraub WS, Harrison DG(2000) : C-reactive protein, inflammation and atheroscleerosis : do we really understand it yet? Eur Heart J 21 : 958-960   DOI   ScienceOn
12 World Health Organization (2004) ; The World Health Report 2002. Available at : http://www.who.intlwhr/en/Accessibility verified January 15
13 Zwaka TP, Hombach V, Torzewski J (2003) : C-reactive protein-mediated low density lipoprotein uptake by macrophages : implications for atherosclerosis. Circulation 103 : 1194-1197
14 Wilkes HC, Kelleher C, Meade TW (1988) : Smoking and plasma fibrinogen. Lancet 1:307-308
15 Agewall S, Wikstrand J, Ljungman S, Fagerberg B (1997) : Usefulness of microalbuminuria in predicting cardiovascular mortality in treated hypertensive men with and without diabetes mellitus. Risk Factor Intervention Study Group.Am J Cardiol 80 : 164-169   DOI   ScienceOn
16 Bautista LE, Arenas lA, Penuela A, Martinez LX (2002) : Total plasma homocysteine level and risk of cardiovascular disease : a meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies. J Clin Epidemiol 55 : 882-887   DOI   ScienceOn
17 Luepker RV, Apple FS, Christenson RH, Crow RS, Fortmann SP, Goff D, Goldberg RJ, Hand MM, Jaffe AS, Julian DGm, Levy D, Levy D, Manolio T, Mendis S, Mensah G, Pajak A, Prineas RJ, Reddy KS, Roger VL, Rosamon WD, Shahar E, Sharret AR, Sorlie P, Tunstall-Pedoe H ; AHA council on epidemiology and Prevention ; AHA Statistics Committee ; World Heart Federation Council on Epidemiology and Prevention ; European society of Cardiology Working Group on Epidemiology and Prevention ; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention ; National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute. (2003) : Case definitions for acute coronary heart disease in epidemiology and clinical research studies : a statement from the AHA Council on Epidemiology and Prevention ; AHA Statistics Committee ; World Heart Federation Council on Epidemiology and Prevention; The Eropean Society of Cariology Working Group on Epidemiology and prevention ; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention ; and the National Heart Lung, and Blood institute. Circulation 108 : 2543-2549   DOI   ScienceOn
18 Torzewski M, Rist C, Mortensen RF, Fronlich M, Koenig W, Waltenberger J, Fitzsinnons C, Hombach V (2000) : C-reactive protein in the arterial intima : role of C-reactive protein receptordependent monocyte recruitment in atherogenesis. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 20 : 2094-2099   DOI   ScienceOn
19 Park MJ, Kim HT, Park SY, Lee KS (1997) : Evalulation of diagnostic efficiency of Troponin T measurement in acute myocardial infarction and ischemic heart disease. Korean J Clin Pathol 17 : 560-568
20 Weir CJ, Muir SW, Walters MR, Lees KR (2003) : Serum uric acid as an independent predictor of poor outcome and future vascular events after acute stroke. Stroke Aug 34 (8) : 1951-1956   DOI   ScienceOn
21 Klerk M, Verhoef P, Clarke R, Blom HJ, Kok FJ, Schouten EG (2002) : MTHFR 677CT polymorphism and risk of coronary heart disease: a meta-analysis. JAMA 288 : 2023-2031   DOI   ScienceOn
22 Cleophas TJ, Homstra N, van Hoogstraten B, van der Meulen J (2000) : Homocysteine, a risk factor for coronary artery disease or not? a meta-analysis. Am J Cardiol 86 : 1005-1009   DOI   ScienceOn
23 Friedewald WT, Levy RI, Frederickson DS (I972) : Estimation of the concentration of low density lipoprotein cholesterol in plasma, without use of the preparative ultracentrifuge. Clin Chern 18 : 499-502   PUBMED
24 Kim KS, Ryn SY, Park J, Park JK, Kim CB, Chun BY, Lee TY, Lee KS, Lee DH, Koh KW, Jee SH, Suh I, for Korean Research Group for Cardiovascular Disease Prevention and Control (2001) : A nested case control study on risk factors for coronary heart disease in Korean. Korea J Prey Med 34 : 149-156
25 Hoffmeister A, Rothenbacher D, Banzer U, Frchlich M, Brenner M, Hombach V, Koenig W (2001) : Role of novel markers of inflammation in patients with stable coronary heart disease. Am J of Cardiol 87 (3) : 262-266   DOI   ScienceOn
26 Schnyder G, Roffi M, Pin R, Hess OM (2001) : Decreased rate of coronary restenosis after lowering of plasma homocysteine levels. N Engl J Med 345 : 1593-1600   DOI   PUBMED   ScienceOn
27 Tommasi S, Carluccio E, Bentivoglio M, Buccolieri M, Mariotti M (1999) : C-reactive protein as a marker for cardiac ischemic events in the year after a first, uncomplicated myocardial infarction. Am J Cardiol 83 : 1595-1599   DOI   ScienceOn
28 Wilson PW, D' Agostino RB, Levy D, Belanger AM, Silbershatz H, Kannel WB (1998) : Prediction of coronary heart disease using risk factor categories. Circulation 97 : 1837-1847   DOI   ScienceOn
29 Bogaty Ppoirier P, Simard S, Boyer L, Solymoss S, Dagenais GR (2001) : Biological profiles in subjects with recurrent acute coronary events compared with subjects with long-standing stable angina. Circulation 103 : 3062-3068   DOI   ScienceOn
30 Kelly PJ, Rosand J, Kistler JP, Shih VE, Silveria S, Plomaritoglou A, Furie KL (2002) : Homocysteine, MTHFR 677CT polymorphism, and risk of ischemic stroke : results of a meta-analysis. Neurology 59 : 529-536   DOI   ScienceOn
31 Murry CJ, Lopez AD (1997) : Mortality by cause for eight regions of the world : Global Burden of disease study. Lancet 349 : 1269-1279   DOI   ScienceOn
32 Kim JH, Jeong MH, Sim DS, Lee SH, Hong YJ, Park OY, Kim W, Rhew JY, Ahn YK, Cho JG, Suh SP, Park JC, Kang JC (2002) : The usefulness of cardiac troponin as a marker for the detection of minor myocardial injury following percutaneous coronary intervension, Korean Circulation J 32 : 413-419   DOI
33 Biasucci LM, Liuzzo G, Grillo RL, Caligiuri G, Rebuzzi AG, Buffon A, Summaria F, Ginnetti F, Fedda G, Maseri A (1999) : Elevated levels of C-reactive protein at discharge in patients with unstable angina predict recurrent instability. Circulation 99 : 855-860   DOI   ScienceOn
34 Jensen JS, Feldt-Rasmussen B, Strandgaard S, Schroll M, BorchJohnsen (2000) : Arterial hypertension, microalbuminuria, and risk of ischemic heart disease. Hypertension 35 : 898-903   DOI   ScienceOn
35 Schnyder G, Roffi M, Flammer Y, Pin R, Hess OM (2002) : Effect of homocysteine-lowering therapy with folic acid vitamin B12, and vitamin B6 on clinical outcome after percutaneous coronary intervention : The Swiss Heart study : a randomized controlled trial. JAMA 288 : 973-979   DOI   ScienceOn
36 U.S. Preventive Service Task Force (2001) : Screening and treating adults for lipid disorders- Recommendation and rationale. AM J Prev Med 20 (3S) : 73-76. Available from: URL : http:// www.ahcpr.gov/clinic/upsetf/uspschol.htm   DOI
37 Van Exel E, Gussekloo J, de Craen AJ, Bootsma-van der Wiel A, Frolich M, Westendorp RG (2002) : Inflammation and stroke : the Leiden 85-Plus Study. Stroke 33 : 1135-1138   DOI   ScienceOn
38 Cai B, Zhu Y, Ma Y, Xu Z, Zao Y, Wang J, Lin Y, Comer GM (2003) : Effect of supplementing a high-fat, low carbohydrate enteral formula in COPD patients. Nutrition 19 : 229-232   DOI   ScienceOn
39 Christen WG, ajani UA, glynn RJ, Hennekens CH (2000) : Blood levels of homocysteine and increased risks of cardiovascular disease: causal or casual? Arch Intern Med 160 : 422-434   DOI   ScienceOn
40 Fey GH, Fuller GM(]987) : Regulation of acute phase gene expression by inflammatory mediators. Mol Biol Med 4 : 323-338   PUBMED
41 Moller J, Nielsen GM, Tvedegaard KC, Andersen NT, Jorgensen PE (2000) : A meta-analysis of cerebrovascular disease and hyperhomocysteinaemia, Scand J Clin Lab Invest 60 : 491-499   DOI   ScienceOn
42 Di Napoli M, Papa F, Bocola V (2001) : Prognostic influence of increased C-reactive protein and fibrinogen levels in ischemic stroke. Stroke 32 : 133-138   DOI   ScienceOn
43 Fowkes FG(1995) : Fibrinogen and peripheral arterial disease. Eur Heart J 16 (suppl A) : 36-40   DOI   PUBMED
44 Jager A, Kostense PJ, Ruhe HG, Heine RJ, Nijpels G, Dekker JM, Bouter LM, Stehouwer CD (1999) : Microalbuminuria and peripheral arterial disease are independent predictors of cardiovascular and all-cause mortality, especially among hypertensive subjects : five-year follow-up of the Hoom Study. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc BioI Mar 19(3) : 617-624   DOI   ScienceOn
45 Ridker PM, Rifai N, Stampfer MJ, Heunekens CM (2000) : Plasma concentration of Interleukin-6 and the risk of future myocardial infarction among apparently healthy men. Circulation 101 : 1767-1772   DOI   ScienceOn
46 Wald DS, Law M, Morris JK (2002) : Homocysteine and cardiovascular disease : evidence on causality from a meta-analysis. BMJ 325 : 1202-1210   DOI
47 Verma S, Li SH, Badiwala MY, Weisel RD, Fedak PW, Ki RK, Dhillon Bm Mickle DA (2002) : Endothelin antagonism and interleukin-6 inhibition attenuate the proatherogenic effects of c-reactive protein. Circulation 105 : 1890-1896   DOI
48 Ford ES, Smith SJ, Stroup DF, Steinberg KK, Mueller PW, Thacker SB (2002) : Homocyst (e) ine and cardiovascular disease : a systematic review of the evidence with special emphasis on case-control studies and nested case-control studies. Int J Epidemiol 31: 59-70   DOI   ScienceOn
49 Alderman MH, Cohen H, Madhavan S, Kivlighn S (I999) : Serum uric acid and cardiovascular events in successfully treated hypertensive patients. Hypertension Jul ; 34(1) : 144-150   DOI
50 Pasceri V, Willerson JT, Yeh ET(2000) : Direct proinflammatory effect of C-reactive protein on human endothelial cells. Circulation 102 : 2165-2168   DOI   ScienceOn
51 Solfrizzi V, Panza F, Colacicco AM, Capurso C, D'Introno A, Torres F, Baldassare G, Capurso A (2002) : Relation of lipoprotein (a) as coronary risk factor to type 2 diabetes mellitus and lowdensity lipoprotein cholesterol in patients> or=65 years of age (The Italian Longitudinal Study on Aging) . Am J Cardiol 89 : 825-829   DOI   ScienceOn
52 Folsom AR, Rosamond WD, Shahar E, et al(1999) : Prospective study of markers of hemostatic function with risk of ischemic stroke. The Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) Study Investigators. Circulation 100 : 736-742   DOI   PUBMED   ScienceOn
53 Cantin B, Despres JP, Lamarche B, Moorjani S, Supien PJ, Bogaty P, Bergeron J, Dagenais GR (2002) : Association of fibrinogen and lipoprotein (a) as a coronary heart disease risk factor in men (The Quebec Cardiovascular Study). Am J Cardiol 89 (6) : 662-666   DOI   ScienceOn
54 Heeschen C, Hamm CW, Bruemmer J, 'Simoons ML(2000) : Predictive value of C-reactive protein and troponin T in patients with unstable angina : a comparative analysis. J Am of Cardiol 35 : 1535-1542   DOI   ScienceOn
55 Von Eckardstein A, Schulte H, Cullen P, Assmann G (2001) : Lipoprotein (a) further increases the risk of coronary events in men with high global cardiovascular risk. J Am Coll Cardiol 37 : 434-439   DOI   ScienceOn
56 Acevedo M, Pearce GL, Kottke-Marchant K, Sprecher DL(2002) Elevated fibrinogen and homocysteine levels enhancethe risk of mortality in patients from a high-risk preventive cardiology clinic.ArteriosclerThromb Vase Bioi 22 : 1042-1045   DOI   ScienceOn
57 Cullen P(2000) : Evidence that triglyceides are an independent coronary heart disease risk factor. Am J Cardiol 86 (9) : 943-949   DOI   PUBMED   ScienceOn
58 Maresca G, Di Blasio A, Marchioli R, Di Minno G(1999) : Measuring plasma fibrinogen to predict stroke and myocardial infarction: an update. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 19 : 1368-1377   DOI   ScienceOn
59 National Institutes of Health National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute (1995) : Recommendations on lipoprotein measurement. From the working Group on Lipoprotein Measurement. National Cholesterol Education Program, pp.20-21
60 Torzewski J, Torzewski M, Bowyer DE, Politano M, Corea L (1998) : C-reactive protein frequently colocalizes with the terminal complement complex in the intima of early atherosclerotic lesions of human coronary arteries. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 18 : 1386-1392   DOI   ScienceOn