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http://dx.doi.org/10.14348/molcells.2022.2023

Neurons-on-a-Chip: In Vitro NeuroTools  

Hong, Nari (Department of Information and Communication Engineering, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology (DGIST))
Nam, Yoonkey (Department of Bio and Brain Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST))
Publication Information
Molecules and Cells / v.45, no.2, 2022 , pp. 76-83 More about this Journal
Abstract
Neurons-on-a-Chip technology has been developed to provide diverse in vitro neuro-tools to study neuritogenesis, synaptogensis, axon guidance, and network dynamics. The two core enabling technologies are soft-lithography and microelectrode array technology. Soft lithography technology made it possible to fabricate microstamps and microfluidic channel devices with a simple replica molding method in a biological laboratory and innovatively reduced the turn-around time from assay design to chip fabrication, facilitating various experimental designs. To control nerve cell behaviors at the single cell level via chemical cues, surface biofunctionalization methods and micropatterning techniques were developed. Microelectrode chip technology, which provides a functional readout by measuring the electrophysiological signals from individual neurons, has become a popular platform to investigate neural information processing in networks. Due to these key advances, it is possible to study the relationship between the network structure and functions, and they have opened a new era of neurobiology and will become standard tools in the near future.
Keywords
axon guidance; cell culture; microelectrode array; network analysis; neural circuits; soft-lithography;
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