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http://dx.doi.org/10.14348/molcells.2020.0026

Zinc and Its Transporters in Epigenetics  

Brito, Sofia (Department of Biological Sciences, Ajou University)
Lee, Mi-Gi (Bio-Center, Gyeonggido Business and Science Accelerator)
Bin, Bum-Ho (Department of Biological Sciences, Ajou University)
Lee, Jong-Soo (Department of Biological Sciences, Ajou University)
Publication Information
Molecules and Cells / v.43, no.4, 2020 , pp. 323-330 More about this Journal
Abstract
Epigenetic events like DNA methylation and histone modification can alter heritable phenotypes. Zinc is required for the activity of various epigenetic enzymes, such as DNA methyltransferases (DNMTs), histone acetyltransferases (HATs), histone deacetylases (HDACs), and histone demethylases, which possess several zinc binding sites. Thus, the dysregulation of zinc homeostasis can lead to epigenetic alterations. Zinc homeostasis is regulated by Zinc Transporters (ZnTs), Zrt- and Irt-like proteins (ZIPs), and the zinc storage protein metallothionein (MT). Recent advances revealed that ZIPs modulate epigenetics. ZIP10 deficiency was found to result in reduced HATs, confirming its involvement in histone acetylation for rigid skin barrier formation. ZIP13 deficiency, which is associated with Spondylocheirodysplastic Ehlers-Danlos syndrome (SCD-EDS), increases DNMT activity, leading to dysgenesis of dermis via improper gene expressions. However, the precise molecular mechanisms remain to be elucidated. Future molecular studies investigating the involvement of zinc and its transporters in epigenetics are warranted.
Keywords
epigenetics; zinc; zinc transporter;
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