Browse > Article
http://dx.doi.org/10.3344/kjp.2018.31.4.235

Modalities in managing postherpetic neuralgia  

Shrestha, Meera (The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University)
Chen, Aijun (The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University)
Publication Information
The Korean Journal of Pain / v.31, no.4, 2018 , pp. 235-243 More about this Journal
Abstract
Postherpetic neuralgia (PHN) is the most troublesome side effect of Herpes Zoster (HZ), which mainly affects the elderly and immunocompromised populations. Despite the current advancement of treatments, PHN persists in many individuals influencing their daily activities and reducing their quality of life. Anticonvulsants, antidepressants, topical therapies including lidocaine and capsaicin, and opioids, are the most widely used therapies for the treatment of PHN. These medications come with their adverse effects, so they should be used carefully with the elderly or with patients with significant comorbidities. Other measures like botulinum toxin, nerve blocks, spinal cord stimulation, and radiofrequency have also contributed significantly to the management of PHN. However, the efficacy, safety, and tolerability of these invasive methods need to be carefully monitored when administering them. Early diagnosis and early initiation of treatment can reduce the burden associated with PHN. The zoster vaccine has effectively reduced the incidence of HZ and PHN. In this article, we discuss the treatment options available for the management of PHN, mainly focusing on the efficacy and safety of different therapeutic modalities.
Keywords
Aged; Anticonvulsants; Antidepressants; Botulinum toxin; Capsaicin; Herpes zoster vaccination; Incidence; Nerve block; Opioids; Postherpetic neuralgia; Quality of life; Spinal cord stimulation;
Citations & Related Records
Times Cited By KSCI : 2  (Citation Analysis)
연도 인용수 순위
1 Baron R, Mayoral V, Leijon G, Binder A, Steigerwald I, Serpell M. 5% lidocaine medicated plaster versus pregabalin in post-herpetic neuralgia and diabetic polyneuropathy: an open-label, non-inferiority two-stage RCT study. Curr Med Res Opin 2009; 25: 1663-76.   DOI
2 Baranidharan G, Das S, Bhaskar A. A review of the high-concentration capsaicin patch and experience in its use in the management of neuropathic pain. Ther Adv Neurol Disorder 2013; 6: 287-97.   DOI
3 Irving GA, Backonja MM, Dunteman E, Blonsky ER, Vanhove GF, Lu SP, et al. A multicenter, randomized, double-blind, controlled study of NGX-4010, a high-concentration capsaicin patch, for the treatment of postherpetic neuralgia. Pain Med 2011; 12: 99-109.   DOI
4 Acorda. Qutenza 2013 [Internet]. Ardsley, NY: Acorda Therapeutics, Inc.; 2013 [cited 2017 Oct 17]. Available at http://www.qutenza.com/_docs/qutenza_full_PI_.pdf.
5 Derry S, Rice AS, Cole P, Tan T, Moore RA. Topical capsaicin (high concentration) for chronic neuropathic pain in adults. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2017: CD007393.
6 Burness CB, McCormack PL. Capsaicin 8 % patch: a review in peripheral neuropathic pain. Drugs 2016; 76: 123-34.   DOI
7 Raja SN, Haythornthwaite JA, Pappagallo M, Clark MR, Travison TG, Sabeen S, et al. Opioids versus antidepressants in postherpetic neuralgia: a randomized, placebo-controlled trial. Neurology 2002; 59: 1015-21.   DOI
8 Boureau F, Legallicier P, Kabir-Ahmadi M. Tramadol in post-herpetic neuralgia: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Pain 2003; 104: 323-31.   DOI
9 Ko YK, Lee HY, Lee WY. Clinical experiences on the effect of scrambler therapy for patients with postherpetic neuralgia. Korean J Pain 2013; 26: 98-101.   DOI
10 Marineo G, Iorno V, Gandini C, Moschini V, Smith TJ. Scrambler therapy may relieve chronic neuropathic pain more effectively than guideline-based drug management: results of a pilot, randomized, controlled trial. J Pain Symptom Manage 2012; 43: 87-95.   DOI
11 Harpaz R, Ortega-Sanchez IR, Seward JF; Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP) Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Prevention of herpes zoster: recommendations of the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP). MMWR Recomm Rep 2008; 57: 1-30.
12 Merck. Zostavax 2017 [Internet]. Kenilworth: Merck Sharp & Dohme Corp.; 2017 [cited 2017 Oct 17]. Available at http://www.merck.com/product/usa/pi_circulars/z/zostavax/zostavax_pi2.pdf.
13 Kang DH, Kim SY, Kim HG, Park JH, Kim TK, Kim KH. Earlier treatment improves the chances of complete relief from postherpetic neuralgia. Korean J Pain 2017; 30: 214-9.   DOI
14 Kim HJ, Ahn HS, Lee JY, Choi SS, Cheong YS, Kwon K, et al. Effects of applying nerve blocks to prevent postherpetic neuralgia in patients with acute herpes zoster: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Korean J Pain 2017; 30: 3-17.   DOI
15 Shackleton T, Ram S, Black M, Ryder J, Clark GT, Enciso R. The efficacy of botulinum toxin for the treatment of trigeminal and postherpetic neuralgia: a systematic review with meta-analyses. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol 2016; 122: 61-71.   DOI
16 Park J, Park HJ. Botulinum toxin for the treatment of neuropathic pain. Toxins (Basel) 2017; 9: pii: E260.
17 Ding XD, Zhong J, Liu YP, Chen HX. Botulinum as a toxin for treating post-herpetic neuralgia. Iran J Public Health 2017; 46: 608-11.
18 Kim K, Jo D, Kim E. Pulsed radiofrequency to the dorsal root ganglion in acute herpes zoster and postherpetic neuralgia. Pain Physician 2017; 20: E411-8.
19 Ing MR, Hellreich PD, Johnson DW, Chen JJ. Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation for chronic post-herpetic neuralgia. Int J Dermatol 2015; 54: 476-80.   DOI
20 Lerman IR, Chen JL, Hiller D, Souzdalnitski D, Sheean G, Wallace M, et al. Novel high-frequency peripheral nerve stimulator treatment of refractory postherpetic neuralgia: a brief technical note. Neuromodulation 2015; 18: 487-93.   DOI
21 Kim ED, Lee YI, Park HJ. Comparison of efficacy of continuous epidural block and pulsed radiofrequency to the dorsal root ganglion for management of pain persisting beyond the acute phase of herpes zoster. PLoS One 2017; 12: e0183559.   DOI
22 Shi Y, Wu W. Treatment of neuropathic pain using pulsed radiofrequency: a meta-analysis. Pain Physician 2016; 19: 429-44.
23 Ifuku M, Iseki M, Hidaka I, Morita Y, Komatus S, Inada E. Replacement of gabapentin with pregabalin in postherpetic neuralgia therapy. Pain Med 2011; 12: 1112-6.   DOI
24 Grunenthal. Versatis 2015 [Internet]. Buckinghamshire: Grunenthal Ltd.; 2015 [cited 2017 Oct 17]. Available at http://www.medicines.org.uk/emc/medicine/19291/SPC/Versatis%2b5%2b%2bMedicated%2bPlaster/.
25 Zilliox LA. Neuropathic pain. Continuum (Minneap Minn) 2017; 23: 512-32.
26 Hempenstall K, Nurmikko TJ, Johnson RW, A'Hern RP, Rice AS. Analgesic therapy in postherpetic neuralgia: a quantitative systematic review. PLoS Med 2005; 2: e164.   DOI
27 Enamandram M, Rathmell JP, Kimball AB. Chronic pain management in dermatology: a guide to assessment and nonopioid pharmacotherapy. J Am Acad Dermatol 2015; 73: 563-73.   DOI
28 Harden RN, Kaye AD, Kintanar T, Argoff CE. Evidencebased guidance for the management of postherpetic neuralgia in primary care. Postgrad Med 2013; 125: 191-202.
29 Derry S, Wiffen PJ, Moore RA, Quinlan J. Topical lidocaine for neuropathic pain in adults. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2014: CD010958.
30 Krumova EK, Zeller M, Westermann A, Maier C. Lidocaine patch (5%) produces a selective, but incomplete block of $A{\delta}$ and C fibers. Pain 2012; 153: 273-80.   DOI
31 Campbell BJ, Rowbotham M, Davies PS, Jacob P 3rd, Benowitz NL. Systemic absorption of topical lidocaine in normal volunteers, patients with post-herpetic neuralgia, and patients with acute herpes zoster. J Pharm Sci 2002; 91: 1343-50.   DOI
32 Haanpaa M, Rice AS, Rowbotham MC. Treating herpes zoster and postherpetic neuralgia. Pain Clin Updates 2015; 23: 1-8. Available at https://s3.amazonaws.com/rdcmsiasp/files/production/public/Content/ContentFolders/Publications2/PainClinicalUpdates/Archives/pcu_vol23_no4_may2015.pdf.
33 Blom S. Trigeminal neuralgia: its treatment with a new anticonvulsant drug (G-32883). Lancet 1962; 1: 839-40.
34 Arbor. Horizant 2016 [Internet]. Atlanta, GA: Arobor Pharmaceuticals, LLC; 2016 [cited 2017 Oct 17]. Available at https://www.horizant.com/assets/docs/Horizant_PrescribingInformation.pdf.
35 Moore RA, Straube S, Wiffen PJ, Derry S, McQuay HJ. Pregabalin for acute and chronic pain in adults. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2009: CD007076.
36 Pfizer. Neurontin 2017 [Internet]. New York, NY: Division of Pfizer Inc.; 2017 [cited 2017 Oct 17]. Available at http://labeling.pfizer.com/ShowLabeling.aspx?id=630.
37 Meng FY, Zhang LC, Liu Y, Pan LH, Zhu M, Li CL, et al. Efficacy and safety of gabapentin for treatment of postherpetic neuralgia: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Minerva Anestesiol 2014; 80: 556-67.
38 Depomed. Gralise 2012 [Internet]. Newark, NJ: Depomed, Inc.; 2012 [cited 2017 Oct 17]. Available at https://www.gralise.com/sites/default/files/GRALISE_PI_DEC2012.pdf.
39 Sang CN, Sathyanarayana R, Sweeney M; DM-1796 Study Investigators. Gastroretentive gabapentin (G-GR) formulation reduces intensity of pain associated with postherpetic neuralgia (PHN). Clin J Pain 2013; 29: 281-8.   DOI
40 Lal R, Sukbuntherng J, Luo W, Tovera J, Lassauzet ML, Cundy KC. Population pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of gabapentin after administration of gabapentin enacarbil. J Clin Pharmacol 2013; 53: 29-40.   DOI
41 Pfizer. Lyrica 2016 [Internet]. New York, NY: Division of Pfizer Inc.; 2016 [cited 2017 Oct 17]. Available at http://labeling.pfizer.com/showlabeling.aspx?id=561.
42 Nalamachu S, Morley-Forster P. Diagnosing and managing postherpetic neuralgia. Drugs Aging 2012; 29: 863-9.   DOI
43 Khadem T, Stevens V. Therapeutic options for the treatment of postherpetic neuralgia: a systematic review. J Pain Palliat Care Pharmacother 2013; 27: 268-83.   DOI
44 Bader MS. Herpes zoster: diagnostic, therapeutic, and preventive approaches. Postgrad Med 2013; 125: 78-91.
45 Kawai K, Gebremeskel BG, Acosta CJ. Systematic review of incidence and complications of herpes zoster: towards a global perspective. BMJ Open 2014; 4: e004833.   DOI
46 Navez ML, Monella C, Bosl I, Sommer D, Delorme C. 5% lidocaine medicated plaster for the treatment of postherpetic neuralgia: a review of the clinical safety and tolerability. Pain Ther 2015; 4: 1-15.   DOI
47 Yanamoto F, Murakawa K. The effects of temporary spinal cord stimulation (or spinal nerve root stimulation) on the management of early postherpetic neuralgia from one to six months of its onset. Neuromodulation 2012; 15: 151-4.   DOI
48 Chen LK, Arai H, Chen LY, Chou MY, Djauzi S, Dong B, et al. Looking back to move forward: a twenty-year audit of herpes zoster in Asia-Pacific. BMC Infect Dis 2017; 17: 213.   DOI
49 Werner RN, Nikkels AF, Marinovic B, Schafer M, Czarnecka-Operacz M, Agius AM, et al. European consensus-based (S2k) guideline on the management of herpes zoster - guided by the European Dermatology Forum (EDF) in cooperation with the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology (EADV), Part 1: diagnosis. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2017; 31: 9-19.   DOI
50 Jeon YH. Herpes zoster and postherpetic neuralgia: practical consideration for prevention and treatment. Korean J Pain 2015; 28: 177-84.   DOI
51 Johnson RW, Rice AS. Postherpetic neuralgia. N Engl J Med 2014; 371: 1526-33.   DOI
52 Schmader K. Herpes zoster. Clin Geriatr Med 2016; 32: 539-53.   DOI
53 Gan EY, Tian EA, Tey HL. Management of herpes zoster and post-herpetic neuralgia. Am J Clin Dermatol 2013; 14: 77-85.   DOI
54 Massengill JS, Kittredge JL. Practical considerations in the pharmacological treatment of postherpetic neuralgia for the primary care provider. J Pain Res 2014; 7: 125-32.
55 Mallick-Searle T, Snodgrass B, Brant JM. Postherpetic neuralgia: epidemiology, pathophysiology, and pain management pharmacology. J Multidiscip Healthc 2016; 9: 447-54.   DOI
56 Hadley GR, Gayle JA, Ripoll J, Jones MR, Argoff CE, Kaye RJ, et al. Post-herpetic neuralgia: a review. Curr Pain Headache Rep 2016; 20: 17.   DOI