1 |
Manchikanti L, Staats PS, Singh V, Schultz DM, Vilims BD, Jasper JF, et al: Evidence-based practice guidelines for interventional techniques in the management of chronic spinal pain. Pain Physician 2003; 6: 3-81
|
2 |
Botwin KP, Natalicchio J, Hanna A: Fluoroscopic guided lumbar interlaminar epidural injection: a prospective evaluation of epidurography contrast patterns and anatomical review of the epidural space. Pain Physician 2004; 7: 77-80
|
3 |
Botwin KP, Natalicchio J, Brown LA: Epidurography contrast patterns with fluoroscopic guided lumbar transforaminal epidural injections: a prospective evaluation. Pain Physician 2004; 7: 211-5
|
4 |
Asato F, Goto F: Radiographic findings of unilateral epidural block. Anesth Analg 1996; 83: 519-22
DOI
|
5 |
Hogan QH: Lumbar epidural anatomy. A new look by cryomicrotome section. Anesthesiology 1991; 75: 767-75
|
6 |
Schellinger D, Manz HJ, Vidic B, Patronas NJ, Deveikis JP, Muraki AS, et al: Disk fragment migration. Radiology 1990; 175: 831-6
DOI
|
7 |
Hogan QH: Epidural anatomy examined by cryomicrotome section. Influence of age, vertebral level, and disease. Reg Anesth 1996; 21: 395-406
|
8 |
Choi BI, Han JM, Kweon TD, Lee YW: The prognostic factors of selective transforaminal epidural block in patients with low back pain. Korean J Pain 2007; 20: 54-9
DOI
ScienceOn
|
9 |
Kim DW, Shim JC: Incidence of intravascular penetration during transforaminal lumbosacral epidural steroid injection. Korean J Pain 2007; 20: 26-30
DOI
ScienceOn
|
10 |
Goel A, Pollan JJ: Contrast flow characteristics in the cervical epidural space: an analysis of cervical epidurograms. Spine 2006; 31: 1576-9
DOI
ScienceOn
|
11 |
Manchikanti L, Cash KA, Pampati V, Damron KS, McManus CD: Evaluation of lumbar transforaminal epidural injections with needle placement and contrast flow patterns: a prospective, descriptive report. Pain Physician 2004; 7: 217-23
|
12 |
Smuck M, Fuller BJ, Yoder B, Huerta J: Incidence of simultaneous epidural and vascular injection during lumbosacral transforaminal epidural injections. Spine J 2007; 7: 79-82
DOI
ScienceOn
|
13 |
Abdi S, Datta S, Trescot AM, Schultz DM, Adlaka R, Atluri SL, et al: Epidural steroids in the management of chronic spinal pain: a systematic review. Pain Physician 2007; 10: 185-212
|
14 |
Hatten HP Jr: Lumbar epidurography with metrizamide. Radiology 1980; 137: 129-36
DOI
|
15 |
Kim DY: Nerve blocks in thorax. In: Pain medicine. 3rd ed. Edited by The Korean Pain Society: Seoul, Koonja Publishing Inc. 2007, pp 609-13
|
16 |
Gershater R, St Louis EL: Lumbar epidural venography. Review of 1,200 cases. Radiology 1979; 131: 409-21
DOI
|
17 |
Savolaine ER, Pandya JB, Greenblatt SH, Conover SR: Anatomy of the human lumbar epidural space: new insights using CT-epidurography. Anesthesiology 1988; 68: 217-20
DOI
ScienceOn
|
18 |
Yokoyama M, Hanazaki M, Fujii H, Mizobuchi S, Nakatsuka H, Takahashi T, et al: Correlation between the distribution of contrast medium and the extent of blockade during epidural anesthesia. Anesthesiology 2004; 100: 1504-10
DOI
ScienceOn
|
19 |
Wolff AP, Groen GJ, Wilder-Smith OH: Influence of needle position on lumbar segmental nerve root block selectivity. Reg Anesth Pain Med 2006; 31: 523-30
DOI
|
20 |
Kim DW, Shim JC, Shin YC: Evaluation of contrast flow patterns with fluoroscopic guided lumbar transforaminal epidural injections. Korean J Pain 2004; 17: 159-65
DOI
ScienceOn
|
21 |
Waldman SD: Pain management. Philadelpia, Saunders. 2007, pp 1281-93
|
22 |
Shim JC: Nerve blocks lumbar region. In: Pain medicine. 3rd ed. Edited by The Korean Pain Society: Seoul, Koonja Publishing Inc. 2007, pp 651-6
|
23 |
Manchikanti L: Transforaminal lumbar epidural steroid injections. Pain Physician 2000; 3: 374-98
|
24 |
Hong JH: An analysis of pattern of transforaminal epidurography. Korean J Pain 2006; 19: 175-80
DOI
ScienceOn
|
25 |
Meijenhorst GC: Computed tomography of the lumbar epidural veins. Radiology 1982; 145: 687-91
DOI
|
26 |
Bogduk N, Aprill C, Derby R: Epidural steroid injection. In: Spinal care diagnosis and treatment. Edited by White AH, Schofferman J: St. Louis, CV Mosby. 1995, pp 322-44
|
27 |
Lee SE, Han KR, Kim C, Chae YJ, Yoo JY: Vertebral spreading segments of cervical epidural injection: a comparative study with 5 ml and 10 ml of injected volume. Korean J Pain 2006; 19: 181-6
DOI
|