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http://dx.doi.org/10.5487/TR.2016.32.3.215

Isolation and Identification of Cytotoxic and Biological Active Toxin from the Puffer Fish Arothron stellatus  

Veeruraj, Anguchamy (Centre of Advanced Study in Marine Biology, Faculty of Marine Sciences, Annamalai University)
Pugazhvendan, Sampath Renuga (Department of Zoology, DDE-Wing, Annamalai University)
Ajithkumar, Thipramalai Thankappan (National Bureau of Fish Genetic Resources, Indian Council of Agricultural Research)
Arumugam, Muthuvel (Centre of Advanced Study in Marine Biology, Faculty of Marine Sciences, Annamalai University)
Publication Information
Toxicological Research / v.32, no.3, 2016 , pp. 215-223 More about this Journal
Abstract
This study is to investigate the biological, biochemical and cytotoxic effects of puffer fish (Arothron stellatus) toxin extracts under in-vitro condition. Extracted toxins from various organs of puffer fish were purified by using active charcoal column, and Bio-gel-P2 column chromatography. The lethality of toxin was tested in crabs, which consists of neurotoxic compounds. The degree of the brine shrimp lethality assay was found directly proportional to the concentration of the toxin extracts, which was well supported by hemolytic assay. The experimental results suggested that the gonad was found higher toxins than the liver and muscles. The mortality rate of brine shrimp nauplii was increased with the raise of concentrations of toxin level. Among the different doses and time dependent cytotoxic effect of human cervical carcinoma (HeLa) cells were showed $4.0{\mu}g/mL$ of toxin, which was effectively inhibited cancer cell proliferation. HPLC and TLC analysis was revealed that the A. stellatus toxin contains tetrodotoxin (TTX), related compounds 4-epi TTX and anhydro-TTX. The present results suggested that the A. stellatus contain TTX as a major and anh-TTX as a minor toxin. It could be the potential candidate in the field of anticancer drug discovery against human cervical cancer cells. The present data is confirming that the puffer fish toxin as an interesting source of novel bioactive natural compounds with potent applications in pharmacology.
Keywords
Puffer fish; Arothron stellatus; Toxin; Lethality; HeLa cells; Cytotoxicity;
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