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http://dx.doi.org/10.15188/kjopp.2022.04.36.2.59

Effect of Fermented Garlic Extract Containing Nitric Oxide Metabolites on Impairments of Memory and of Neural Plasticity in Rat Model of Vascular Dementia  

Zhang, Xiaorong (Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Wonkwang University)
Moon, Se Jin (Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Wonkwang University)
Kim, Yoo Ji (Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Wonkwang University)
Jeong, Sun Oh (Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Wonkwang University)
Kim, Min Sun (Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Wonkwang University)
Publication Information
Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine / v.36, no.2, 2022 , pp. 59-65 More about this Journal
Abstract
Rodent model for chronic cerebral hypoperfusion caused by bilateral carotid artery occlusion (BCAO) show clinically relevant evidences for vascular dementia and impairments of synaptic plasticity in the hippocampus. The purpose of this study was to evaluate effect of fermented garlic (F-Garlic) extract with NO metabolites on cognitive behaviors, synaptic plasticity, and molecular events in the hippocampus following BCAO. Adult male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided three experimental groups into: control+water; BCAO+water; BCAO+F-Garlic. Animals were treated with oral administration of F-Garlic in tap water as a drinking water after surgery for 4 weeks. On passive avoidance test and Y-maze test, BCAO+water showed a significant decrease in step-through latency and spontaneous alteration, indicating deficit of hippocampal memory formation but the treatment of F-Garlic significantly increased these cognitive behaviors. In control+water, a robust increase in the amplitude of evoked field excitatory postsynaptic potentials was observed by theta burst stimulation to hippocampal neural circuit indicating formation of long-term potentiation (LTP) in the hippocampal CA1. BCAO+water showed a highly significant deficit in LTP induction 4 weeks after BCAO. On other hand, daily oral administration of F-Garlic extract caused the marked preservation of LTP induction. Moreover, parvalbumin was markedly reduced in the CA1, especially, in the stratum radiatum of BCAO+water. In contrast, BCAO+F-Garlic mitigate a significantly reduction of the parvalbumin. In summary, these results suggest that daily oral administration of F-Garlic extract can ameliorate cognitive memory deficit through the preservation of synaptic plasticity and interneurons integrity in the hippocampus in rodent model of chronic cerebral hypoperfusion.
Keywords
Vascular dementia; Fermented garlic extract; Nitrite; Cognition; Long-term Potentiation; Parvalbumin;
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