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Anti-inflammatory Effect of Fermented Red Ginseng Via Regulation of NF-${\kappa}$B Signal Transduction  

Hwang, Sung-In (School of Korean Medicine, Pusan National University)
Ju, Hyeon-Jeong (School of Korean Medicine, Pusan National University)
Kim, Hyo-Dong (School of Korean Medicine, Pusan National University)
Kwak, Tae-Won (School of Korean Medicine, Pusan National University)
Yoo, Byung-Hong (Bio Port Korea, Inc.)
Kim, Sung-Gu (Bio Port Korea, Inc.)
Lee, Chul-Won (Institute of Marine BioTechnology, Pusan National University)
Hwang, Tae-Ho (School of Korean Medicine, Pusan National University)
An, Won-Gun (School of Korean Medicine, Pusan National University)
Publication Information
Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine / v.25, no.3, 2011 , pp. 521-527 More about this Journal
Abstract
Recently, Korean ginseng, as immuno-activator, was actively investigated on its effect and mechanism. But purified fermented red ginseng (PFRG) has not been researched enough compared to red ginseng (RG, steamed and dried root of Panax ginseng C. A. Meyer, family Araliaceae) and fermented red ginseng (FRG, fermented red ginseng by Lactobacillus brevis 13094). In this study, we examined RG, FRG and PFRG to compare their anti-inflammatory effect by LPS. According to the result, RAW 264.7 cells survival rates did not largely change by RG and FRG. Only PFRG expressed weak toxicity at 10 ug/ml. The expression of iNOS and production of Nitric Oxide (NO) decreased depending on the concentration of RG, FRG and PFRG. And the expression of COX-2 also decreased. We tried western blotting for detecting that the expression of iNOS, COX-2 was caused by NF-${\kappa}B$. The result supported that the inhibition of NF-${\kappa}B$ by RG, FRG and PFRG suppressed the expression of iNOS, COX-2 and affected the production of TNF-${\alpha}$. While the anti-inflammatory effect was confirmed from all three types of red ginseng (RG, FRG, PFRG), the effect of PFRG was superior to others. Further research is required on other effects of PFRG.
Keywords
Purified Fermented Red Ginseng; Red Ginseng; Fermented Red Ginseng; Inflammation; RAW 264.7 cells; TNF-${\alpha}$; NF-${\kappa}B$;
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