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Effects of Arsenic Compounds $(AS_2O_3\;and\;AS_4O_6)$ on the Induction of Apoptotic Cell Death in A549 Human Non-small Cell Lung Cancer Cells  

Choi, Yung-Hyun (Department of Biochemistry Research Institute of Oriental Medicine Dongeui University College of Oriental Medicine)
Choi, Woo-Young (Department of Biochemistry Research Institute of Oriental Medicine Dongeui University College of Oriental Medicine)
Choi, Byung-Tae (Department of Anatomy, Dongeui University College of Oriental Medicine)
Lee, Yong-Tae (Department of Physilogy, Dongeui Univesity College of Oriental Medicine)
Lee, Won-Ho (Department of Biology, Pusan National University)
Publication Information
Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine / v.19, no.4, 2005 , pp. 1050-1054 More about this Journal
Abstract
Recently, arsenic compounds were considered as novel agents for treatment of acute promyelocytic leukemia and malignant tumors. However, it showed severe toxicity effect on normal tissue at the same time. In this study, to investigate the possible molecular mechanism (s) of arsenic compounds as candidate of anti-cancer drugs, we compared the abilities of two arsenic compounds, tetraarsenic oxide $(AS_4O_6)$ and arsenic trioxide (diarsenic oxide, $As_2O_3$), to induce cell growth inhibition as well as apoptosis induction in A549 human non-small cell lung cancer cells. Both $As_4O_6\;and\;As_2O_3$ treatment declined the cell growth and viability of A549 cells in a concentration-dependent manner, which was associated with induction of G1 arrest of the cell cycle and apoptotic cell death. However, $As_4O_6$ induced growth inhibition and apoptosis in A549 cells at much lower concentrations than $As_2O_3.\;As_4O_6$ down-regulated the levels of anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 protein, however, the levels of Bax, a pro-apoptotic protein, were up-regulated in a dose-dependent manner. In conclusion, $As_4O_6$ might be a new arsenic compound which may induce apoptosis in A549 cells by modulation the Bcl-2 family and deserves further evaluation.
Keywords
arsenic compounds; A549; apoptosis; Bax;
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