Browse > Article

Psychological, Physical and Genetic Traits of Sasang Typology  

Chae, Han (Department of Physiology, College of Oriental Medicine, KyungHee University)
Hong, Moo-Chang (Department of Physiology, College of Oriental Medicine, KyungHee University)
Bae, Hyun-Su (Purimed R&D Institute)
Shin, Min-Kyu (Department of Physiology, College of Oriental Medicine, KyungHee University)
Publication Information
Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine / v.19, no.2, 2005 , pp. 304-314 More about this Journal
Abstract
The major concept of Sasang typology is that the disease susceptibility and drug response as well as physiological characteristics are presumed to be different depending on their Sasang types. Although characterizing fundamental basis of their traits are crucial in this research field, only pathological susceptibility and physical appearances were thoroughly studied. We evaluated their physiological characteristics by tapping psychological, physical and genetic traits of each Sasang types. After determining the Sasang type of one hundred three college students based on the Questionnaire for the Sasang Constitution Classification, the psychological, physical and genetic traits of each type were analyzed with the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI), Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis and genetic polymorphism test, respectively. Each of the Sasang types showed significantly different profiles (Generalized estimation equation, coef=11.88, z=2.13, p=0.033), and could be distinctively classified based on their MBTI scores (discriminant analysis Wilks Lambda=0.611, df=8, chi-square=36.7, p<0.001). Subjects with the So-Eum type (Introversion and Judging) and the So-Yang type (Extroversion and Perceiving) showed contrasting psychological features, however they had similar anthropometric characteristics. Subjects with the Tae-Eum type showed bigger Body Mass Index ($R^2$=0.22, df=4, 74, F=5.07, p=0.001) and body shape compared to others. Although there were no significant differences in G-protein beta-3 subunit polymorphism, angiotensin-converting enzyme polymorphism and Methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase polymprhisms among groups with Sasang types, it was shown that the dopamine system could be one for genetic marker for Sasang typology. These results demonstrated distinctive and essential traits of Sasang typology using reproducible psychometric, anthropometric and genetic evaluations. We also found that the Sasang typology was a bio-psychological typology which could show trait-specific guideline for individualized medicine.
Keywords
Sasang typology; individualized medicine;
Citations & Related Records
연도 인용수 순위
  • Reference
1 조동욱, 이창수, 고병희, 조황성. 遺傳子 지문법을 이용한 사상체질의 遺傳的 분석 연구. 四象醫學會誌 8(2):151-163, 1996.
2 Cha, K., Chertow, G.M., Gonzalez, J., Lazarus, J.M., Wilmore, D.W. Multifrequency bioelectrical impedance estimates the distribution of body water. J Appl Physiol 79, 1316-1319, 1995.   PUBMED
3 Neves, C.E. and Souza, M.N. A method for bio-electrical impedance analysis based on a step-voltage response. Physiol Meas 21, 395-408, 2000.
4 Weber, W.W. The legacy of pharmacogenetics and potential applications. Mutation Research 479(1-2):1-18, 2001.   DOI
5 김선호, 고병희, 송일병. 사상체질분류검사지(QSCCII)의 표준화 연구. 四象醫學會誌. 7(1):187-246, 1995.
6 Toda, Y., Segal, N., Toda, T., Morimoto, T., Ogawa, R. Lean body mass and body fat distribution in participants with chronic low back pain. Arch Intern Med 160, 3265-3269, 2000.
7 John, O. P, & Srivastava , S. The big five trait taxonomy: History, Measurement, and theoretical perspectives. In L. A. Pervin & O. P. John(Eds.), Handbook of personality(second ed, pp. 122). New York: The Guilford press, 1999.
8 Bouchard, T.J. Jr, Hur, Y.M. Genetic and environmental influences on the continuous scales of the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator: an analysis based on twins reared apart. J Pers 66, 135-149, 1998.
9 Furnham, A. The big five versus the big four: The relationship between the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator(MBTI) and NEO-PI five factor model of personality. Pers Individ Dif 21, 303-307, 1996.
10 Pedersen, N.L., Plomin, R., McClearn, G.E., Friberg, L. Neuroticism, extraversion, and related traits in adult twins reared apart and reared together. J Pers Soc Psychol 55, 950-957, 1988.
11 Janowsky, D.S., Morter, S., Hong, L., Howe, L. Myers Briggs Type Indicator and Tridimensional Personality Questionnaire differences between bipolar patients and unipolar depressed patients. Bipolar Disorders 1(2):98-108, 1999.
12 Cloninger, C.R. A systematic method for clinical description and classification of personality variants. A proposal. Arch Gen Psychiatry 44, 573-588, 1987.
13 최승훈, 김기진, 손정민, 차기철. 새로운 생체전기 임피던스법. 대한비만학회지. 6(1):85-94, 1997.
14 조민상, 고병희, 송일병. 비만환자의 체질적 특징에 대한 임상적 고찰. 四象醫學會誌 10(2):485-512, 1998.
15 Nowotny, P., Kwon, J.M., Goate, A.M. SNP analysis to dissect human traits. Curr Opin Neurobiol 11, 637-641, 2001.
16 Faith, M.S., Flint, J., Fairburn, C.G., Goodwin, G.M., Allison, D.B. Gender differences in the relationship between personality dimensions and relative body weight. Obes Res 9(10):647-650, 2001.
17 고병희, 송일병, 조용진, 최창석, 김종현, 홍석철, 이의주, 이상용, 서정숙. 사상체질별 두면부의 형태학적 특정. 四象醫學會誌 8(1):101-186, 1996
18 Hill, S.Y., Zezza, N., Wipprecht, G., Locke, J., Neiswanger, K. Personality triats and dopamine receptors (D2 and D4): linkage studies in families of alcoholics. Am J Med Genet 88, 634-641, 1999.   DOI   ScienceOn
19 이의주, 고병희, 송일병. 사상인의 형태학적 특정에 관한 연구. 四象醫學會誌 10(2):181-220, 1998.
20 Bracco, D., Thiebaud, D., Chiolero, R.L., Landry , M., Burckhardt, P., Schutz, Y. Segmental body composition assessed by bioelectrical impedance analysis and DEXA in humans. J Appl Physiol 81, 2580-2587, 1996.
21 Astrup, A., Toubro, S., Christensen, N.J., Quaade, F. Pharmacology of thermogenic drugs. Am J Clin Nutr 55. 246S-248S, 1992.
22 Paris, J. Predispositions, personality traits, and posttraumatic stress disorder. Harv Rev Psychiatry 8, 175-183, 2000.
23 Ebstein, R.P., Benjamin, J., & Belmaker, R.H. Personality and polymorphisms of genes involved in aminergic neurotransmission. Eur J Pharmacol 410, 205-214, 2000.
24 김달래. 비만인의 생활특성과 사상체질에 관한 연구. 四象醫學會誌 9(1):303-314, 1997.
25 김인태, 고병희, 송일병. 융의 마음의 구조, 유형론과 이제마의 지인론, 四象人과의 비교 고찰. 四象醫學會誌 8(2):95-116, 1996.
26 최승훈, 임용빈, 이준우, 김홍열, 강철훈. 사상체질유형과 ACE(angiotensin converting enzyme) 遺傳子Type(Polymorphism)과의 상관관계. 四象醫學會誌 10(2):283-290, 1998.
27 Myers, I.B. McCaulley, M.H 著. 김정택, 심혜숙, 제석봉 編. MBTI 개발과 활용. 서울:한국심리검사연구소. 1995.
28 Benjamin, J., Ebstein, R.P., Lesch, K.P. Genes for personality traits: implications for psychopathology. lnt J Neuropsychopharmacol 1, 153-168, 1998.
29 김종원, 고병희, 송일병. EAV의 측정치와 사상체질유형 및 중풍과의 상관성에 관한 연구. 四象醫學會誌 7(2):59-88. 1995.
30 박희관, 이종화, 이제마의 사상체질과 융의 심리학적 유형간의 연관성에 관한 연구. 四象醫學會誌 10(2):41-50, 1998.
31 손정민. 생체임피던스 측정방법을 이용한 한국인의 연령층별 체성분 변화 분석에 관한 연구. 박사학위 논문. 서울여자대학교 대학원 영양학과. 2000.
32 MacDonald, D.A, Anderson, P.E., Tsagarakis, C.I., Holland, C.J. Examination of the relationship between the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator and the NEO Personality Inventory. Psychol Rep 74, 339-344, 1994.
33 Stewart, S.P., Bramley, P.N., Heighton, R., Green, J.H., Horsman, A., Losowsky, M.S., Smith, M.A. Estimation of body composition from bioelectrical impedance of body segments: comparison with dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. Br J Nutr 69, 645-655, 1993.
34 Sim, H.C. A cross-cultural study of a personality inventroy: The development and validation of the Myers-Briggs Type Indicatior in the Korean language. Unpublished PH.D, Saint Louis University. 1990.
35 Lahiri, D.K., Nurnberger, J.L. JI. A rapid non-enzymatic method for the preparation of HMW DNA from blood for RFLP studies. Nucleic Acids Res 19, 5444, 1991.
36 Wilson, M.A, Languis, M.L. A topographic study of differences in the P300 between introverts and extraverts Brain Topography 2(4):269-274, 1990.
37 Myers, I., McCauley, M. A Guide to the Development and Use of the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator. Palo Alto, CA: Consulting Psychologiss Press. 1985.
38 지규용, 최승훈, 안규석, 문준전. 적외선체열촬영진단기를 이용한 體質分類와 병리진단에 관한 임상적 연구 大韓韓醫學會誌 14(2):30-63, 1993.
39 홍석철, 고병희, 송일병. 四象人 이목비구의 형태학적 특징 연구. 四象醫學會誌 10(2):221-270, 1998.
40 홍석철, 이의주, 이수경, 한기환, 고병희, 송일병. 사상체질별 상안부 Moire 형태의 특정에 관한 연구. 四象醫學會誌 10(2):271-282, 1998.