Significance of Triphasic Waves in Metabolic Encephalopathy
![]() |
Park, Kang Min
(Department of Neurology, Haeundae Paik Hospital, Inje University College of Medicine)
Shin, Kyong Jin (Department of Neurology, Haeundae Paik Hospital, Inje University College of Medicine) Ha, Sam Yeol (Department of Neurology, Haeundae Paik Hospital, Inje University College of Medicine) Park, JinSe (Department of Neurology, Haeundae Paik Hospital, Inje University College of Medicine) Kim, Si Eun (Department of Neurology, Haeundae Paik Hospital, Inje University College of Medicine) Kim, Hyung Chan (Department of Neurology, Haeundae Paik Hospital, Inje University College of Medicine) Kim, Sung Eun (Department of Neurology, Haeundae Paik Hospital, Inje University College of Medicine) |
1 | Young GB, Bolton CF, Austin TW, Archibald YM, Gonder J, Wells GA. The encephalopathy associated with septic illness. Clin Invest Medicine 1990;13:297-304. |
2 | Aguglia U, Gambardella A, Oliveri RL, Lavano A, Quattrone A. Nonmetabolic causes of triphasic waves: a reappraisal. Clin Electroencephalogr 1990;21:120-125. DOI |
3 | Konno S, Sugimoto H, Nemoto H, Kitazono H, Murata M, Toda T, et al. Triphasic waves in a patient with tuberculous meningitis. J Neurol Sci 2010;291:114-117. DOI ScienceOn |
4 | Foley JM, Watson CW, Adams RD. Significance of the electroencephalographic changes in hepatic coma. Trans Am Neurol Assoc 1950;51:161-165. |
5 | Bahamon-Dussan JE, Celesia GG, Grigg-Damberger MM. Prognostic significance of EEG triphasic waves in patients with altered state of consciousness. J Clin Neurophysiol 1989,6;313-319. DOI |
6 | Beghi E, Carpio A, Forsgren L, Hesdorffer DC, Malmgren K, Sander JW, et al. Recommendation for a definition of acute symptomatic seizure. Epilepsia 2010;51:671-675. DOI ScienceOn |
7 | Kaplan PW, Schlattman DK. Comparison of triphasic waves and epileptic discharges in one patient with genetic epilepsy. J Clin Neurophysiol 2012;29:458-461. DOI ScienceOn |
8 | Boulanger JM, Deacon C, Lecuyer D, Gosselin S, Reiher J. Triphasic waves versus nonconvulsive status epilepticus: EEG distinction. Can J Neurol sci 2006;33:175-180. DOI |
9 | Chong DJ, Hirsch LJ. Which EEG patterns warrant treatment in the critically ill? reviewing the evidence for treatment of periodic epileptiform discharges and related patterns. J Clin Neurophysiol 2005;22:79-91. DOI ScienceOn |
10 | Nowack WJ, King JA. Triphasic waves and spike wave stupor. Clin Electroencephalogr 1992;23:100-104. DOI |
11 | Andraus ME, Andraus CF, Alves-Leon SV. Periodic EEG patterns: importance of their recognition and clinical significance. Arq Neuropsiquiatr 2012;70:145-151. DOI |
12 | Kuroiwa Y, Celesia GG. Clinical significance of periodic EEG patterns. Arch Neurol 1980;37:15-20. |
13 | Beghi E, Tognoni G. Prognosis of epilepsy in newly referred patients: a multicenter prospective study of the effects of monotherapy on the long-term course of epilepsy. Collaborative Group for the Study of Epilepsy. Epilepsia 1992;33:45-51. DOI ScienceOn |
14 | Sillanpaa M, Jalava M, Kaleva O, Shinnar S. Long-term prognosis of seizures with onset in childhood. N Engl J Med 1998;338:1715-1722. DOI ScienceOn |
15 | Lehembre R, Gosseries O, Lugo Z, Jedidi Z, Chatelle C, Sadzot B, et al. Electrophysiological investigations of brain function in coma, vegetative and minimally conscious patients. Arch Ital Biol 2012;150:122-139. |
16 | Brenner RP. The interpretation of the EEG in stupor and coma. Neurologist 2005;11:271-284. DOI ScienceOn |
17 | Frontera JA. Metabolic encephalopathies in the critical care unit. Continuum 2012;18:611-639. |
18 | Kaplan PW. The EEG in metabolic encephalopathy and coma. J Clinical Neurophysiol 2004;21:307-318. |
19 | Bickford RG, Butt HR. Hepatic coma: the electroencephalographic pattern. J Clin invest 1955;34:790-799. DOI ScienceOn |
20 | Sundaram MB, Blume WT. Triphasic waves: clinical correlates and morphology. Can J Neurol sci 1987;14:136-140. DOI |
![]() |