Browse > Article

Neurophysiology of the Sensory System and Clinical Applications  

Seo, Dae-Won (Department of Neurology, Samsung Medical Center, Samsung Brain and Nerve Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine)
Publication Information
Annals of Clinical Neurophysiology / v.12, no.2, 2010 , pp. 35-46 More about this Journal
Abstract
Various electrophysiological tests have provided a large body of valuable information on neuronal responses to a presented stimulus. The special and general somatic sensory pathways are main targets of evoked potentials. Two types of evoked potentials, exogenous and endogenous, are commonly used. Exogenous evoked potentials of general and special somatic sensory systems will be reviewed. One of general somatic sensory functional pathways, proprioception, can be evaluated by general somatosensory evoked potentials with electrical stimulation on nerves. The special somatosensory functional pathways, including vision, and audition, can be evaluated by visual evoked potentials and auditory evoked potentials. Also laser-evoked potentials are newly developed for pain pathway, including lateral spinothalamic pathway, and vestibular myogenic evoked potentials for sacculocollic pathways. The evoked potentials of sensory system have maximal clinical utility in evaluating functional deficits along the sensory pathways. They are used for evaluating comatose patients, hysterical patients, premature infants, patients with suspected demyelinating diseases or neoplasms, and research. We discuss the neurophysiologic tests of sensory systems in views of practical points. The organized evaluation of sensory electrophysiologic tests can be helpful in detecting and estimating the abnormalities in neurological diseases.
Keywords
Evoked potentials; Visual evoked potentials; Brainstem auditory evoked potentials; Somatosensory evoked potentials; Vestibular myogenic evoked potentials;
Citations & Related Records
연도 인용수 순위
  • Reference
1 Park KD, Seo DW. Evoked potentials. In: Park SH. Practical guidelines for clinical neurophysiology. Vol. 1. Seoul: The Korean Society for Clinical Neurophysiology, 2009;36-76.
2 Toleikis JR, Carlvin AO, Shapiro DE, Schafer MF. The use of dermatomal evoked responses during surgical procedures that use intrapedicular fixation of the lumbosacral spine. Spine (Phila Pa 1976) 1993;18:2401-2407.   DOI   ScienceOn
3 Jones EG. Neurotransmitters in the cerebral cortex. J Neurosurg 1986;65:135-153.   DOI
4 Benzon HT, Toleikis JR, Dixit P, Goodman I, Hill JA. Onset, intensity of blockade and somatosensory evoked potential changes of the lumbosacral dermatomes after epidural anesthesia with alkalinized lidocaine. Anesth Analg 1993;76:328-332.
5 Society ACN. Guideline 9D: Guidelines on short-latency somatosensory evoked potentials. J Clin Neurophysiol 2006;23:168-179.   DOI   ScienceOn
6 Medicine AAoE. Guidelines for somatosensory evoked potentials. Muscle Nerve Suppl 1999;8:S121-S138.
7 Mauguiere F, Allison T, Babiloni C, Buchner H, Eisen AA, Goodin SJ, et al. Somatosensory evoked potentials. In: Deuschl G, Eisen A. Recommendations for the practice of clinical neurophysiology: Guidelines of the International Federation of Clinical Neurophysiology. Amsterdam: Elsevier 1999;79-90.
8 Nelson FW, Grotta JC, Goldie WD. Somatosensory evoked potentials (SEPs) in pure sensory stroke (PSS). Stroke 1986;17:778-779.   DOI   ScienceOn
9 Merle PE, Joan N, Varnet O, Dupuy-Sonntag D, Perin B, Macron JM. Somatosensory evoked potentials for the diagnosis of proximal sensory median neuropathy with preserved distal sensory action potential. Electromyogr Clin Neurophysiol 2003;43:503-506.
10 Aminoff MJ, Goodin DS. Visual evoked potentials. J Clin Neurophysiol 1994;11:493-499.   DOI   ScienceOn
11 Celesia GG. Steady-state and transient visual evoked potentials in clinical practice. Ann N Y Acad Sci 1982;388:290-307.   DOI
12 Cant BR, Hume AL, Shaw NA. Effects of luminance on the pattern visual evoked potential in multiple sclerosis. Electroencephalogr Clin Neurophysiol 1978;45:496-504.   DOI   ScienceOn
13 Leocani L, Martinelli V, Natali-Sora MG, Rovaris M, Comi G. Somatosensory evoked potentials and sensory involvement in multiple sclerosis: comparison with clinical findings and quantitative sensory tests. Mult Scler 2003;9:275-279.   DOI   ScienceOn
14 Kuroiwa Y, Celesia GG. Visual evoked potentials with hemifield pattern stimulation. Their use in the diagnosis of retrochiasmatic lesions. Arch Neurol 1981;38:86-90.   DOI   ScienceOn
15 Tobimatsu S, Celesia GG. Studies of human visual pathophysiology with visual evoked potentials. Clin Neurophysiol 2006;117:1414-1433.   DOI   ScienceOn
16 Markand ON. Brainstem auditory evoked potentials. J Clin Neurophysiol 1994;11:319-342.   DOI   ScienceOn
17 Truini A, Romaniello A, Galeotti F, Iannetti GD, Cruccu G. Laser evoked potentials for assessing sensory neuropathy in human patients. Neurosci Lett 2004;361:25-28.   DOI   ScienceOn
18 Stone JL, Calderon-Arnulphi M, Watson KS, Patel K, Mander NS, Suss N, et al. Brainstem auditory evoked potentials-a review and modified studies in healthy subjects. J Clin Neurophysiol 2009;26:167-175.   DOI   ScienceOn
19 Wu CH, Young YH, Murofushi T. Tone burst-evoked myogenic potentials in human neck flexor and extensor. Acta Otolaryngol 1999;119:741-744.   DOI   ScienceOn
20 Ferber-Viart C, Duclaux R, Colleaux B, Dubreuil C. Myogenic vestibular-evoked potentials in normal subjects: a comparison between responses obtained from sternomastoid and trapezius muscles. Acta Otolaryngol 1997;117:472-481.   DOI   ScienceOn
21 Truini A, Rossi P, Galeotti F, Romaniello A, Virtuoso M, De Lena C, et al. Excitability of the Adelta nociceptive pathways as assessed by the recovery cycle of laser evoked potentials in humans. Exp Brain Res 2004;155:120-123.   DOI   ScienceOn