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http://dx.doi.org/10.5187/jast.2021.e109

Effects of Bacillus-based probiotics on growth performance, nutrient digestibility, and intestinal health of weaned pigs  

Mun, Daye (Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Science, Seoul National University)
Kyoung, Hyunjin (Division of Animal and Dairy Science, Chungnam National University)
Kong, Myunghwan (Division of Animal and Dairy Science, Chungnam National University)
Ryu, Sangdon (Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Science, Seoul National University)
Jang, Ki Beom (Department of Animal Science, North Carolina State University)
Baek, Jangryeol (Division of Animal and Dairy Science, Chungnam National University)
Park, Kyeong Il (Division of Animal and Dairy Science, Chungnam National University)
Song, Minho (Division of Animal and Dairy Science, Chungnam National University)
Kim, Younghoon (Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Science, Seoul National University)
Publication Information
Journal of Animal Science and Technology / v.63, no.6, 2021 , pp. 1314-1327 More about this Journal
Abstract
Bacillus is characterized by the formation of spores in harsh environments, which makes it suitable for use as a probiotic for feed because of thermostability and high survival rate, even under long-term storage. This study was conducted to investigate the effects of Bacillus-based probiotics on growth performance, nutrient digestibility, intestinal morphology, immune response, and intestinal microbiota of weaned pigs. A total of 40 weaned pigs (7.01 ± 0.86 kg body weight [BW]; 28 d old) were randomly assigned to two treatments (4 pigs/pen; 5 replicates/treatment) in a randomized complete block design (block = BW and sex). The dietary treatment was either a typical nursery diet based on corn and soybean meal (CON) or CON supplemented with 0.01% probiotics containing a mixture of Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus licheniformis (PRO). Fecal samples were collected daily by rectal palpation for the last 3 days after a 4-day adaptation. Blood, ileal digesta, and intestinal tissue samples were collected from one pig in each pen at the respective time points. The PRO group did not affect the feed efficiency, but the average daily gain was significantly improved (p < 0.05). The PRO group showed a trend of improved crude protein digestibility (p < 0.10). The serum transforming growth factor-β1 level tended to be higher (p < 0.10) in the PRO group on days 7 and 14. There was no difference in phylum level of the intestinal microbiota, but there were differences in genus composition and proportions. However, β-diversity analysis showed no statistical differences between the CON and the PRO groups. Taken together, Bacillus-based probiotics had beneficial effects on the growth performance, immune system, and intestinal microbiota of weaned pigs, suggesting that Bacillus can be utilized as a functional probiotic for weaned pigs.
Keywords
Bacillus-based probiotics; Weaned pigs; Growth performance; Immune response; Intestinal health;
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