Browse > Article
http://dx.doi.org/10.5187/jast.2020.62.5.638

Substitution effects of rice for corn grain in total mixed ration on rumen fermentation characteristics and microbial community in vitro  

Yoo, Daekyum (Department of Animal Science, Life and Industry Convergence Research Institute, Pusan National University)
Hamid, Muhammad Mahboob Ali (Department of Animal Science, Life and Industry Convergence Research Institute, Pusan National University)
Kim, Hanbeen (Department of Animal Science, Life and Industry Convergence Research Institute, Pusan National University)
Moon, Joonbeom (Department of Animal Science, Life and Industry Convergence Research Institute, Pusan National University)
Song, Jaeyong (Institute of Livestock, Nonghyup Co. Ltd.)
Lee, Seyoung (Division of Animal Husbandry, Yonam College)
Seo, Jakyeom (Department of Animal Science, Life and Industry Convergence Research Institute, Pusan National University)
Publication Information
Journal of Animal Science and Technology / v.62, no.5, 2020 , pp. 638-647 More about this Journal
Abstract
This study determined the substitution effects of rice for corn as the main grain source in a total mixed ration (TMR). In vitro rumen fermentation characteristics and microbes were assessed using two experimental diets. Diets included 33% dry matter (DM) of either corn (Corn TMR) or rice grains (Rice TMR). In a 48-h in vitro incubation, DM digestibility (IVDMD), neutral detergent fiber degradability (IVNDFD), crude protein digestibility (IVCPD), volatile fatty acids (VFAs), pH and ammonia nitrogen (NH3-N) were estimated. Gas production has been calculated at 3, 6, 12, 24 and 48 h. Our results indicate that the gas production, VFAs, IVDMD, and IVNDFD of Rice TMR were higher than those of Corn TMR (p < 0.05). Ruminal pH and total fungi were significantly higher in Corn TMR (p < 0.05) than in Rice TMR; however, NH3-N and IVCPD were not affected by treatment type. In conclusion, substituting rice for corn at 33% DM in TMR appears to have no negative effects on in vitro rumen fermentation characteristics. Therefore, rice grains are an appropriate alternative energy source in early fattening stage diets of beef cattle.
Keywords
Rice grains; Corn grains; Total mixed ration; In vitro fermentation;
Citations & Related Records
Times Cited By KSCI : 7  (Citation Analysis)
연도 인용수 순위
1 Qiao FQ, Wang F, Ren LP, Zhou ZM, Meng QX, Bao YH. Effect of steam-flaking on chemical compositions, starch gelatinization, in vitro fermentability, and energetic values of maize, wheat and rice. J Integr Agric. 2015;14:949-55. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2095-3119(14)60913-8   DOI
2 Hamid MMA, Park HY, Choi CW. Comparison of in vitro ruminal fermentation incubated with different levels of Korean corn grains with total mixed ration as a basal. Korean J Agric Sci. 2018;45:419-27.   DOI
3 Statistics Korea. Estimated rice production in 2019 [Internet]. 2019. [cited 2020 Apr 4]. http://kostat.go.kr/portal/eng/pressReleases/1/index.board?bmode=read&aSeq=378579
4 Choi S, Hinkle AF, Verdonk R. Republic of Korea grain and feed annual rice production stays steady despite government's rice reduction program. Wahington, DC: Foreign Agricultural Service, United States Department of Agriculture; 2019. Gain Report No.: KS1913
5 Miyaji M, Matsuyama H, Hosoda K. Effect of substituting brown rice for corn on lactation and digestion in dairy cows fed diets with a high proportion of grain. J Dairy Sci. 2014;97:952-60. https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.2013-7046   DOI
6 Miyaji M, Matsuyama H, Hosoda K, Nonaka K. Effect of replacing corn with brown rice grain in a total mixed ration silage on milk production, ruminal fermentation and nitrogen balance in lactating dairy cows. Anim Sci J. 2012;83:585-93. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1740-0929.2011.00996.x   DOI
7 Yang SJ, Kim HB, Moon JB, Kim NE, Park JK, Park BK, et al. Nutritional evaluation of total mixed rations containing rice grain in an in vitro rumen fermentation system. Korean J Agric Sci. 2018;45:741-78.   DOI
8 Yang S, Kim B, Kim H, Moon J, Yoo D, Baek YC, et al. Replacement of corn with rice grains did not alter growth performance and rumen fermentation in growing Hanwoo steers. Asian-Australas J Anim Sci. 2020;33:230-5. https://doi.org/10.5713/ajas.19.0691   DOI
9 Miyaji M, Matsuyama H, Hosoda K, Nonaka K. Milk production, nutrient digestibility and nitrogen balance in lactating cows fed total mixed ration silages containing steam-flaked brown rice as substitute for steam-flaked corn, and wet food by-products. Anim Sci J. 2013;84:483-8. https://doi.org/10.1111/asj.12026   DOI
10 Scheibler RB, Schafhauser J, Rizzo FA, Nornberg JL, Vargas DP, Silva JLS, et al. Replacement of corn grain by brown rice grain in dairy cow rations: Nutritional and productive effects. Anim Feed Sci Technol. 2015;208:214-9. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2015.07.013   DOI
11 AOAC [Association of Official Analytical Chemists] International. Official methods of analysis of AOAC International. 18th ed. Gaithersburg, MD: AOAC Internationl; 2005.
12 Van Soest PJ, Robertson JB, Lewis BA. Methods for dietary fiber, neutral detergent fiber, and nonstarch polysaccharides in relation to animal nutrition. J Dairy Sci. 1991;74:3583-97. https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(91)78551-2   DOI
13 Fox DG, Tedeschi LO, Tylutki TP, Russell JB, Van Amburgh ME, Chase LE, et al. The cornell net carbohydrate and protein system model for evaluating herd nutrition and nutrient excretion. Anim Feed Sci Technol. 2004;112:29-78. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2003.10.006   DOI
14 National Research Council. Nutrient requirements of beef cattle: seventh revised edition: update 2000. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press; 2000.
15 National Research Council. Nutrient requirements of dairy cattle: seventh revised edition, 2001. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press; 2001.
16 Goering HK, Van Soest PJ. Forage fiber analyses: apparatus, reagents, procedures, and some applications. Washington, DC: Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture; 1970.
17 Theodorou MK, Williams BA, Dhanoa MS, McAllan AB, France J. A simple gas production method using a pressure transducer to determine the fermentation kinetics of ruminant feeds. Anim Feed Sci Technol. 1994;48:185-97. https://doi.org/10.1016/0377-8401(94)90171-6   DOI
18 Schofield P, Pitt RE, Pell AN. Kinetics of fiber digestion from in vitro gas production. Anim Sci J. 1994;72:2980-91. https://doi.org/10.2527/1994.72112980x   DOI
19 Pell AN, Schofield P. Computerized monitoring of gas production to measure forage digestion in vitro. J Dairy Sci. 1993;76:1063-73. https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(93)77435-4   DOI
20 Chaney AL, Marbach EP. Modified reagents for determination of urea and ammonia. Clin Chem. 1962;8:130-2. https://doi.org/10.1093/clinchem/8.2.130   DOI
21 Yu Z, Morrison M. Improved extraction of PCR-quality community DNA from digesta and fecal samples. Biotechniques. 2004;36:808-12. https://doi.org/10.2144/04365ST04   DOI
22 Denman SE, McSweeney CS. Development of a real-time PCR assay for monitoring anaerobic fungal and cellulolytic bacterial populations within the rumen. FEMS Microbiol Ecol. 2006;58:572-82. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1574-6941.2006.00190.x   DOI
23 Khafipour E, Li S, Plaizier JC, Krause DO. Rumen microbiome composition determined using two nutritional models of subacute ruminal acidosis. J Appl Environ Microbiol. 2009;75:7115-24. https://doi.org/10.1128/AEM.00739-09   DOI
24 Whelan JA, Russell NB, Whelan MA. A method for the absolute quantification of cDNA using real-time PCR. J Immunol Methods. 2003;278:261-9. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-1759(03)00223-0   DOI
25 Fernando SC, Purvis HT 2nd, Najar FZ, Sukharnikov LO, Krehbiel CR, Nagaraja TG, et al. Rumen microbial population dynamics during adaptation to a high-grain diet. Appl Environ Microbiol. 2010;76:7482-90. https://doi.org/10.1128/AEM.00388-10   DOI
26 Dijkstra J, Ellis JL, Kebreab E, Strathe AB, Lopez S, France J, et al. Ruminal pH regulation and nutritional consequences of low pH. Anim Feed Sci Technol. 2012;172:22-33. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2011.12.005   DOI
27 Martin-Orue SM, Balcells J, Vicente F, Castrillo C. Influence of dietary rumen-degradable protein supply on rumen characteristics and carbohydrate fermentation in beef cattle offered high-grain diets. Anim Feed Sci Technol. 2000;88:59-77. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0377-8401(00)00191-7   DOI
28 Lee SY, Kim WY, Ko JY, Ha JK. Effects of corn processing on in vitro and in situ digestion of corn grain in Holstein steers. Asian-Australas J Anim Sci. 2002;15:851-8. https://doi.org/10.5713/ajas.2002.851   DOI
29 Humer E, Zebeli Q. Grains in ruminant feeding and potentials to enhance their nutritive and health value by chemical processing. Anim Feed Sci Technol. 2017;226:133-51. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2017.02.005   DOI
30 Oh Y, Kim K, Choi CW, Kang S, Chung I, Nho W. Evaluation of feeding value of brown rice in Korean native beef steers (Hanwoo). J Anim Sci Technol. 2006;48:393-400. https://doi.org/10.5187/JAST.2006.48.3.393   DOI
31 McNiven MA, Hamilton RMG, Robinson PH, DeLeeuw JW. Effect of flame roasting on the nutritional quality of common cereal grains for non-ruminants and ruminants. Anim Feed Sci Technol. 1994;47:31-40. https://doi.org/10.1016/0377-8401(94)90157-0   DOI
32 Svihus B, Uhlen AK, Harstad OM. Effect of starch granule structure, associated components and processing on nutritive value of cereal starch: a review. Anim Feed Sci Technol. 2005;122:303-20. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2005.02.025   DOI
33 Eastridge ML, Firkins JL. Feed concentrates: cereal grains. In: Smithers GW, editor. Reference module in food science. Amsterdam: Elsevier; 2019.
34 Edwards JE, Huws SA, Kim EJ, Lee MR, Kingston-Smith AH, Scollan ND. Advances in microbial ecosystem concepts and their consequences for ruminant agriculture. Animal. 2008;2:653-60. https://doi.org/10.1017/S1751731108002164   DOI
35 Gordon GL, Phillips MW. The role of anaerobic gut fungi in ruminants. Nutr Res Rev. 1998;11:133-68. https://doi.org/10.1079/NRR19980009   DOI