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http://dx.doi.org/10.12749/RDB.2013.37.2.65

Hyperglycemia Influences Apoptosis and Autophagy in Porcine Parthenotes Developing In Vitro  

Xu, Yong-Nan (Department of Animal Sciences, Chungbuk National University)
Li, Ying-Hua (Department of Animal Sciences, Chungbuk National University)
Lee, Sung Hyun (Department of Animal Sciences, Chungbuk National University)
Kwon, Jung-Woo (Department of Animal Sciences, Chungbuk National University)
Lee, Seul Ki (Department of Animal Sciences, Chungbuk National University)
Heo, Young-Tae (Department of Animal Sciences, Chungbuk National University)
Cui, Xiang-Shun (Department of Animal Sciences, Chungbuk National University)
Kim, Nam-Hyung (Department of Animal Sciences, Chungbuk National University)
Publication Information
Reproductive and Developmental Biology / v.37, no.2, 2013 , pp. 65-73 More about this Journal
Abstract
The objective of this study was to examine the effects of high concentrations of glucose on porcine parthenotes developing in vitro. Addition of 55 mM glucose to the culture medium of embryos at the four-cell-stage significantly inhibited blastocyst formation, resulting in fewer cells in blastocyst-stage embryos and increased levels of apoptosis and autophagy compared to control. Quantitative reverse transcriptase (RT) PCR analysis revealed that the expression of pro-apoptotic genes (Caspase 3, Bax and Bak) and autophagy genes (Atg6 and Atg8/Lc3) were increased significantly by the addition of 55 mM glucose to the culture medium compared to control. MitoTracker Green fluorescence revealed a decrease in the overall mitochondrial mass compared to control. However, the addition of 55 mM glucose had no effect on mRNA expression of the nuclear DNA-encoded mitochondrial-related genes, cytochrome oxidase (Cox) 5a, Cox5b and Cox6b1. These results suggest that hyperglycemia reduced the mitochondrial content of porcine embryos developing in vitro and that this may hinder embryonic development to the blastocyst stage and embryo quality by increasing apoptosis and autophagy in these embryos.
Keywords
Pig embryo; Mitochondria; Apoptosis; Autophagy;
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