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Apoptosis and Apoptosis Related Gene Expression in Preimplantation Porcine Diploid Parthenotes Developing In Vitro  

X. S. Cui (Department of Animal Sciences, Chungbuk National University, Research Center for Transgenic Cloned Pigs)
Kim, I. H. (Department of Animal Sciences, Chungbuk National University, Research Center for Transgenic Cloned Pigs)
Kim, N. H. (Department of Animal Sciences, Chungbuk National University)
Publication Information
Korean Journal of Animal Reproduction / v.27, no.2, 2003 , pp. 169-177 More about this Journal
Abstract
This study was conducted to determine effects of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), fetal bovine serum (FBS) bovine serum albumin (BSA) and epidermal growth factor (EGF) on blastocoel formation, total cell number, apoptosis and apoptosis-related gene expression of porcine diploid parthenotes developing in vitro. The addition of 0.4% BSA to the culture medium enhanced the development of 2-cell stage parthenotes to the blastocysts stage (P<0.01). FBS reduced cell numbers of blastocysts (P<0.01) and increased percentage of apoptosis in the blastocysts (P<0.001). However, while BSA increased cell numbers, it did so only when EGF was present. Either agent on its own had no effect. Similarly, apoptosis in the blastocysts was not influenced by either agent on its own but was reduced when both BSA and EGF were present. Furthermore, semi-quantitative reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction revealed that EGF enhanced the mRNA expression of Bcl-xL in the presence of 0.4% BSA but BSA and EGF alone had no effect, and EGF and/or BSA did not influence Bak gene expression in the blastocyst stage parthenotes. However FBS reduced Bcl-xL mRNA expression (P <0.05) and enhanced Bak expression. This result suggests that apoptosis related genes expression is significantly affected by supplements, which may result in alteration of apoptosis and embryo viability of porcine embryos developing in vitro.
Keywords
Porcine embryo; BSA; FBS; EGF; Apoptosis; Blastocyst;
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