Browse > Article
http://dx.doi.org/10.5635/ASED.2021.37.2.031

Studying Cyphonautes Larvae of Hislopia prolixa (Bryozoa; Ctenostomata) in Temperate Fresh Water  

Wood, Timothy S. (Department of Biological Sciences, Wright State University)
Seo, Ji Eun (Department of Life Science, Woosuk University)
Chae, Hyun Sook (Marine Bryozoans Resources Bank of Korea)
Publication Information
Animal Systematics, Evolution and Diversity / v.37, no.2, 2021 , pp. 89-95 More about this Journal
Abstract
Cyphonautes larvae are confirmed for the first time among the temperate freshwater zooplankton. They are part of the life cycle of the ctenostome bryozoan, Hislopia prolixa Hirose and Mawatari, 2011, known so far from China, Japan, and the Republic of Korea. Until 2008 cyphonautes were thought to be exclusively marine, occurring in three families of ancient ctenostome and cheilostome bryozoans. Since then they have been recognized in several tropical freshwater bryozoan species of the Genus Hislopia. Their presence in temperate latitudes now enlarges the area where these unusual larvae can be studied in their natural habitat. Embryological development in fresh water can be easily observed from egg to larva within a span of 12-24 h. Laboratory culture of the larvae has so far been hampered by their small size, hydrophobic body surface, unknown nutritional requirements, and high mortality rate.
Keywords
Bryozoa; Ctenostomata; cyphonautes; embryology; evolution;
Citations & Related Records
연도 인용수 순위
  • Reference
1 Todd JA, 2000. The central role of ctenostomes in bryozoan phylogeny. In: Proceedings of the 11th International Bryozoology Association Conference (Eds., Herrera Cubilla A, Jackson JBC). Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Panama, pp. 104-134.
2 Wood TS, Okamura B, 2017. New species, genera, families, and range extensions of freshwater bryozoans in Brazil: the tip of the iceberg? Zootaxa, 4306:383-400. https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4306.3.5   DOI
3 Wood TS, Anurakpongsatorn P, Mahujchariyawong J, 2006. Freshwater bryozoans of Thailand (Ectoprocta and Entoprocta). Natural History Journal of Chulalongkorn University, 6:83-119.
4 Wang B, 2016. Species composition and geographical distribution of freshwater bryozoans in China. In: International Symposium on Freshwater Bryozoan: Ecology and Distribution. Ministry of Environment, Seoul, pp. 65-74.
5 Wood TS, 2008. Development and metamorphosis of cyphonautes larvae in the freshwater ctenostome bryozoan, Hislopia malayensis Annandale, 1916. In: Proceedings of the 14th International Bryozoology Association Conference (Eds., Winston J, Key M, Hageman S). Virginia Museum of Natural History, Special Pub. No. 15, Martinsville (Virignia), pp. 339-346.
6 Wood TS, Anurakpongsatorn P, Mahujchariyawong J, 2010. Introduction to the study of freshwater bryozoans in Thailand. Kasetsart University Press, Bangkok, pp. 1-142.
7 Wray GA, 2000. The evolution of embryonic patterning mechanisms in animals. Seminars in Cell and Developmental Biology, 11:385-393. https://doi.org/10.1006/scdb.2000.0191   DOI
8 Zimmer RL, Woollacott RM, 1977. Metamorphosis, ancestrulae, and coloniality in bryozoan life cycles. In: Biology of Bryozoans (Eds., Woollacott RM, Zimmer RL). Academic Press, New York, pp. 91-142.
9 Alder J, 1857. Notice of several new species of Hydrozoa and Polyzoa. Quarterly Journal of Microscopical Science, 5:25.
10 Annandale N, 1916. Zoological results of a tour in the Far East. Polyzoa, Entoprocta, and Ctenostomata. Memoires of the Asiatic Society of Bengal, 6:15-37.
11 Bonetto A, Cordiviola E, 1963. Notas sobre Bryozoos (Endoprocta y Ectoprocta) del rio Parana. I. Urnatella gracilis Leidy e Hislopia lacustris Carter en el Parana medio. Physis, 24:81-85.
12 Braem F, 1896. Die geschlectliche Entwicklung von Paludicella Ehrenbergii. Zoologischer Anzeiger, 19:54-57.
13 Braem F, 1951. Uber Victorella und einige ihrer nachsten Verwandten, sowie uber die Bryozoenfauna des Ryck bei Greifswald. Zoologica Stuttgart, 102:1-59.
14 Carter HJ, 1858. Description of a lacustrine bryozoan allied to Flustra. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, 1:169-171. https://doi.org/10.1080/00222935808696895   DOI
15 Davidson EH, Peterson KJ, Cameron RA, 1995. Origin of bilaterian body plans: evolution of developmental regulatory mechanisms. Science, 270:1319-1325. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.270.5240.1319   DOI
16 d'Hondt JL, 2014. Addendum et Corrigendum aux "Tabular Keys for Identification of the Recent Ctenostomatous Bryozoa" (1983). Bulletin de la Societe Zoologique de France, 139:143-197.
17 Dudley J, 1973. Observations on the reproduction, early larval development, and colony astogeny of Conopeum tenuissimum (Canu). Chesapeake Science, 14:270-278. https://doi.org/10.2307/1350755   DOI
18 Hirose M, Mawatari SF, 2011. Freshwater Bryozoa of Lake Biwa, Japan. Species Diversity, 16:1-37. https://doi.org/10.12782/specdiv.16.1   DOI
19 Korotnev A, 1901. Faunistische studieren am Balkasee. Biologisches Zentralblatt, 21:305-311.
20 Kozhov M, 2013. Lake Baikal and its life. Monographiae Biologicae 1. Springer Science & Business Media, Berlin, pp. 1-344.
21 Kupelwieser H, 1905. Untersuchungen uber den feineren Bau und die Metamorphose des cyphonautes. Zoologica, 19:1-50.
22 Linnaeus C, 1767. Systema naturae. L. Salvii, Stockholm, pp. 533-1327.
23 Marcus E, 1926. Beobachtungen und Versuche an lebenden Meeresbryozoen. Zoologische Jahrbucher. Jahrbucher. Abteilung fur Systematic Oekologie und Geographie der Tiere, 52:1-102.
24 Nielsen C, 1987. Structure and function of metazoan ciliary bands and their phylogenetic significance. Acta Zooloica 68:205-262. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1463-6395.1987.tb00892.x   DOI
25 Nielsen C, Worsaae K, 2010. Structure and occurrence of cyphonautes larvae (Bryozoa, Ectoprocta). Journal of Morphology, 271:1094-1109. https://doi.org/10.1002/jmor.10856   DOI
26 Smith DG, Werle SF, Klekowski E, 2003. The anatomy and brooding biology of Pottsiella erecta (Potts, 1884) (Ectoprocta: Gymnolaemata: Ctenostomata), with an expanded diagnosis of the Pottsiellidae. Hydrobiologia, 490:135-145.   DOI
27 Ostrovsky AN, 2013. Evolution of sexual reproduction in marine invertebrates: example of gymnolaemate bryozoans. Springer Science and Business Media, Berlin, 356 pp.
28 Prouho H, 1890. Recherches sur la larve de Flustrella hispida (Gray) structure et metamorphose. Archives de Zoologie Experimentale et Generale, 8:409-459.
29 Prouho H, 1892. Contribution a l'histoire des Bryozoaires. Archives de Zoologie Experimentale et Generale, 10:557-656.
30 Strathman RR, 1985. Feeding and nonfeeding larval development and life-history evolution in marine invertebrates. Annual Review of Ecology and Systematics, 16:339-361. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.es.16.110185.002011   DOI
31 Jung KJ, Woss ER, Chae HS, Seo JE, 2017. Gymnolaemate bryozoans in fresh and brackish water of South Korea: occurrence, taxonomical remarks and zoogeographical implications. Animal Systematics, Evolution, and Diversity, 33:37-44. https://doi.org/10.5635/ASED.2017.33.1.060   DOI
32 Mane-Garzon F, 1960. Una nueva especie del genero Hislopia (Bryozoa Ectoprocta) del Uruguay. Actas y trabajos del Primer Congreso Sudamericano de Zoologia, 2:213-216.