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http://dx.doi.org/10.14400/JDC.2022.20.3.517

A Comparative Study of Changes in Cognitive Function, Depression and Activities of Daily Living in Patients with Dementia, Mild Cognitive Impairment and Ischemic Stroke  

Jung, Mi-Sook (College of Nursing, Chungnam National University)
Oh, Eun-Young (Department of Nursing, Catholic kkottongnae University)
Cha, Kyeong-In (College of Nursing, Chungnam National University)
Publication Information
Journal of Digital Convergence / v.20, no.3, 2022 , pp. 517-527 More about this Journal
Abstract
This study aimed to compare changes in cognitive function, depression and ability to perform activity of daily living (ADL) in patients with dementia, mild cognitive impairment (MCI), and ischemic stroke (IS) and to identify factors associated with changes in instrumental ADL. A total of 86 patients (dementia=30, MCI=32, and IS=24) were included to analyse cognitive function, depression, and basic and instrumental ADL obtained at the time of diagnosis and 1 year after baseline. Repeated measures analysis of variance and multiple linear regression were used. A significant group by time interaction was found in executive function (p=.037) and instrumental ADL (p=.023) across groups. The MCI group has little change in executive function and instrumental ADL from the baseline to 1 year after diagnosis while other two groups showed changes with the dementia group showing declines and the group of IS having improvement in these factors over time. Changes in executive function(p=.030) and basic ADL (p<.001) explained 26.9% in the variance of changes in instrumental ADL. These findings showed a different changing pattern in executive function during the first year after diagnosis of dementia, MCI, and IS which have cognitive changes as their main symptoms, probably leading to a different changing pattern in instrumental ADL. Healthcare professionals should routinely assess for executive function and instrumental ADL problems and intervene to maintain and improve these functional outcomes immediately after disease.
Keywords
Longitudinal studies; Cognition; Activity of daily living; Dementia; Cognitive dysfunction; Stroke;
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