Browse > Article
http://dx.doi.org/10.14400/JDC.2018.16.3.513

A Cognitive Scale Development and Psychological Model Verification of the Pursuit of Adventure Leisure Activities  

Kwak, Jae-Hyun (Department of Tourism Management, Keimyung University)
Hong, Kyung-Wan (Department of Tourism Management, Keimyung University)
Publication Information
Journal of Digital Convergence / v.16, no.3, 2018 , pp. 513-525 More about this Journal
Abstract
The purpose of this study is to explore the experience of participants in the adventurous leisure activities and to examine the structural relations of the cognitive experience, the emotional experience and adherence intention. Robust quantitative measures were developed from rich qualitative data. The five dimensions selected from two preliminary tests were being away, technical enhancement, fascination with nature, challenge, and interpersonal trust. The cognitive dimensions have a significant effect on the emotional arousal - pleasure dimension. Our study also shows a positive causal relationship between emotional experience and adherence intention. Implications of this study include 1) a developed questionnaire for measuring the cognitive experience dimension of adventure leisure and establishing a foundation for future research, and 2) an identified psychological model among cognitive, emotion, and intention. We offer opportunities to better understand the psychological factors that motivate participation in adventure leisure.
Keywords
Adventure leisure; Cognitive experience; Arousal; Structure equation model; Adherence intention;
Citations & Related Records
Times Cited By KSCI : 7  (Citation Analysis)
연도 인용수 순위
1 E. McAuley & L. Jacobson. (1991). Self-efficacy and exercise participation in sedentary adult females. American Journal of Health Promotion, 5(3), 185-207.   DOI
2 F. M. Floyd. (1997). Pleasure, arousal, and dominance: Exploring affective determinants of recreation satisfaction. Leisure Science, 19(2), 83-96.   DOI
3 M. J. Kane & R. Zink. (2004). Package adventure tours: Markers in serious leisure careers. Leisure Studies, 23(4), 329-345.   DOI
4 J. A. Russell & G. Pratt. (1980). A description of the affective quality attributed to environments. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 38(2), 311-322.   DOI
5 M. E. Farber & T. E. Hall. (2007). Emotion and environment: Visitors' extraordinary experiences along the Dalton Highway in Alaska. Journal of Leisure Research, 39(2), 248-270.   DOI
6 J. C. Chebat & R. Michon. (2003). Impact of ambient odors on mall shoppers' emotions, cognition and spending. Journal of Business Research, 56(7), 529-539.   DOI
7 D. C. Park. (2017). Effect of movie audience's degree of attention on experience of presence, emotional touch, memory. Journal of Digital Convergence, 15(4), 413-419.   DOI
8 S. Menon & B. Kahn. (2002). Cross-category effects of induced arousal and pleasure on the internet shopping experience. Journal of Retailing, 78, 31-40.   DOI
9 A. Mehrabian & J. A. Russell. (1974). An approach to environmental psychology. Cambridge, MA, USA: The MIT Press.
10 J. A. Russell. (1980). A circumplex model of affect. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 39(6), 1160-1178.
11 A. Mattila & Z. Wirtz. (2000). The role of pre-consumption affect in post-purchase evaluation of service. Psychology & Marketing, 17(7), 587-605.   DOI
12 H. Mano & R. L. Oliver. (1993). Assessing the dimensionality and structure of the consumption experience: Evaluation, feeling and satisfaction. Journal of Consumer Research, 20(3), 451-466.   DOI
13 R. S. Weinberg & D. Gould. (1995). Foundations of sport exercise psychology. Champaign, IL, USA: Human Kinetics.
14 D. S. Youm. (2017). The effect of perceived enjoyment and user characteristics on intention of continuous use of mobile social network games: Focusing on mediation effect of flow experience. Journal of Digital Convergence, 15(9), 415-425.   DOI
15 L. Feldman. (1998). Discrete emotions or dimensions? The role of valence focus and arousal focus. Cognition and Emotion, 12(4), 579-599.   DOI
16 R. K. Dishman. (1988). Exercise adherence: Its impact on public health. Champaign, IL, USA: Human Kinetics.
17 L. M. Wankel. (1993). The importance of enjoyment to adherence and psychological benefits from physical activity. International Journal of Sport Psychology, 24(2), 151-169.
18 R. F. Devellis (2012). Scale development: Theory and applications (3rd). Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press.
19 P. E. Spector. (1992). Summated rating scale construction: An introduction. Newbury Park, London, UK: Sage.
20 N. McIntyre & J. W. Roggenbuck. (1998). Nature/person transaction during an outdoor adventure experience: A multiphasic analysis. Journal of Leisure Research, 30(4), 401-422.   DOI
21 I. Ajzen. (2002). Perceived behavioral control, self-efficacy, locus of control, and theory of planned behavior. Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 32(4), 665-683.   DOI
22 A. Bandura. (2006). Guide for constructing self-efficacy scales: In F. Pajares & T. Urdan (Eds.). Self-efficacy beliefs of adolescents, 5, 307-337.
23 J. F. Hair, R. E. Anderson, B. J. Babin, & W. C. Black. (2010). Multivariate data analysis: A global perspective (Vol. 7). Upper Saddle River, NJ, USA: Pearson.
24 R. B. Hull. (1990). Mood as a product of leisure: Causes on consequences. Journal of Leisure Research, 22(2), 99-111.   DOI
25 L. Zarantonello & B. H. Schmitt. (2013). The impact of event marketing on brand equity: The mediating roles of brand experience and brand attitude. International Journal of Advertising, 32(2), 255-280.   DOI
26 J. E. Bigne, L. Andreu, & J. Gnoth. (2005). The theme park experience: An analysis of pleasure, arousal and satisfaction. Tourism Management, 26(6), 833-844.   DOI
27 A. Yeksel & F. Yeksel. (2007). Shopping risk perceptions: Effects on tourists' emotions, satisfaction and expressed loyalty intentions. Tourism Management, 28(3), 703-713.   DOI
28 C. S. Andreassen, T. Torsheim, & G. S. Brunborg. (2012). Pallesen, S. Development of a facebook addiction scale. Psychological Reports, 110(2), 501-517.   DOI
29 E. Guadagnoli & W. F. Velicer. (1988). Relation of sample size to the stability of component patterns. Psychological Bulletin, 103(2), 265-275.   DOI
30 H. U. Shin & B. R. Kang. (2014). A study on development of the job functional assessment scale for people with disabilities. Journal of Digital Convergence, 12(4), 379-397.   DOI
31 T. Lam & C. H. C. Hsu. (2006). Predicting behavioral intention of choosing a travel destination. Tourism Management, 27(4), 589-599.   DOI
32 C. Chen & L. Leung. (2016). Are you addicted to Candy Crush Saga? An exploratory study linking psychological factors to mobile social game addiction. Telematics and Informatics, 33(4), 1155-1166.   DOI
33 J. Swarbrooke, C. Beard, S. Leckie & G. Pomfret. (2003). Adventure tourism : The new frontier. Oxford : Butterworth-Heinemann.
34 Y. Mu & S. Nepal. (2016). High mountain adventure tourism: Trekkers' perceptions of risk and death in Mt. Everest region. Asia Pacific Journal of Tourism Research, 21(5), 500-511.   DOI
35 J. H. Park. (2017). A study on the effective ways of charity campaigns: focused on a classification of charity case studies. Journal of the Korea Convergence Society, 8(12), 227-234.   DOI
36 E. J. Arnould & L. L. Price. (1993). Rivermagic: Extraordinary experience and extended service encounter. Journal of Consumer Research, 20(June), 24-45.   DOI
37 S. H. Kim. (2018). The effect of life sports participation of life sports athletes in Mungyung city on life satisfaction. Journal of Convergence for Information Technology, 8(1), 123-130.   DOI
38 S. W. Lee. (2015). Effects of positive attitude of laughter recreation convergence education on psychological happiness. Journal of the Korea Convergence Society, 6(5), 295-302.   DOI
39 J. H. Park & K. J. Lee. (2017). Realization of user-centered smart factory system using motion recognition. Journal of Convergence for Information Technology, 7(6), 153-158.   DOI
40 A. W. Ewert & S. J. Hollenhorst. (1997). Adventure recreation and its implications for wilderness. International Journal of Wilderness, 3(2), 21-26.
41 P. Lynch & M. Dibben. (2016). Exploring motivations for adventure recreation events: A New Zealand study. Annals of Leisure Research, 19(1), 80-97.   DOI
42 D. E. Little. (2002). Women and adventure recreation: Reconstructing leisure constraints and adventure experiences to negotiate continuing participation. Journal of Leisure Research, 34(2), 157-177.   DOI
43 T. D. Hinch & J. E. S. Higham. (2001). Sports tourism: A framework for research. International Journal of Tourism Research, 3, 45-58.   DOI
44 M. S. Houge & J. H. Kerr. (2017). Positive motivational experience over a three-day outdoor adventure trek in Peru. Journal of Adventure Education and Outdoor Learning, 17(1), 4-17.   DOI
45 R. C. Mannell, D. A. Kleiber, & M. Staempfli. (2016). In A handbook of leisure studies. Psychology and social psychology and the study of leisure, Palgrave Macmillan: London, UK.