Browse > Article
http://dx.doi.org/10.15268/ksim.2019.7.3.085

A Study of the Mask and Hand Contamination in Dental Clinic  

Pyo, Eunji (Dept. of Dental Health Sciences, Graduate School of Dongseo University)
Lee, Kyunghee (Dept. of Dental Hygiene, Dongseo University)
Publication Information
Journal of The Korean Society of Integrative Medicine / v.7, no.3, 2019 , pp. 85-94 More about this Journal
Abstract
Purpose: The purpose of this study was to observe the degree of mask contamination in dental hygienist for general and oral bacteria and to identify areas of mask contamination after treatment. Methods: Masks were collected with every fifty dental hygienists who currently working in the department of preventive dentistry, prosthodontics, and orthodontics in Busan. The mask bacteria were collected in specific upper and side parts of the mask. Hand germs were collected using sterile cotton swabs, and then placed in a sterile conical tube. These were transferred to the laboratory. Hand germs and mask bacteria were incubated with nutrient broth (NB) and brain heart infusion broth (BHI) for 24 hrs and each cultured with NB and BHI plate at $37^{\circ}C$ for 48 hrs. Collected data were analyzed using the SPSS Window 20. Results: The number of bacteria was observed in the order of the department of preventive dentistry ($10.1{\times}10^5CFU/ml$), prosthodontics ($14.7{\times}10^5CFU/ml$), and orthodontics ($23.3{\times}10^5CFU/ml$) in the hand. In general bacteria, the difference of contamination was seen by the parts of the mask, but there was no significant difference. However, the oral bacteria were observed highly contaminated upper part of the mask in preventive dentistry. The mask contamination according to the medical departments was observed. Especially, the contamination of mask in preventive dentistry was significantly higher than other departments in oral bacteria. Conclusion: This study suggested that correct mask replacement and recognition of contamination areas can contribute to the prevention of infectious disease. and it would be necessary to increase hand hygiene performance to prevent cross-infection with masks. Also, this study may give an idea for making guidelines for mask management and supporting to establish clear criteria for the education program of personal protective equipment.
Keywords
infection; masks; oral bacteria; protective equipment; spatter;
Citations & Related Records
Times Cited By KSCI : 7  (Citation Analysis)
연도 인용수 순위
1 Geong HJ, Lee JH(2015). Impact factor of cognition and practice of infection control in the dental hygienists. J Korean Soc Dent Hyg, 15(3), 363-369.   DOI
2 Graetz C, Bielfeldt J, Tillner A, et al(2014). Spatter contamination in dental practices - how can it be prevented?. Rev Med Chir Soc Med Nat Iasi, 118(4), 1122-1134.
3 Harrel SK, Molinari J(2004). Aerosols and splatter in dentistry - a brief review of the literature and infection control implications. J Am Dent Assoc, 135(4), 429-437.   DOI
4 Hong MH(2014). Effect of indoor environmental factors on the physical symptoms of dental hygienists. J Korean Soc Dent Hyg, 14(2), 197-204.   DOI
5 Jung HR, Lee HS(2013). A study on infection control among dental clinic in jeollanamdo - focus on used instruments. J Korean Acad Dent Hyg, 15(4), 307-318.
6 Kang KH, Kim YG, Min JY, et al(2017). Contamination of operator's clothing by aerosols during scaling. J Kor Acad Dent Admin, 5(1), 31-37.
7 Choi ES, Kim MN, Noh SM, et al(2015). Factors affecting dental service utilization of adult-an application of the andersen model. J Den Hyg Sci, 15, 67-76.   DOI
8 Kim SC(2008). Bacteriological monitoring of radiology room apparatus in the department of radiological technology and contamination on hands of radiological technologist. Korean Soc Radiol Sci, 31(4), 329-335.
9 Kim SH(2017). Survey of staphylococcus epidermidis contamination on the hands of dental hygienists and equipment surface of dental clinics. J Korean Soc Dent Hyg, 17(6), 472-480.   DOI
10 Labaf H, Owlia P, Taheian A, et al(2011). Quantitative analysis of changes in bacterial aerosols during endodontic, periodontic and prosthodontic treatments. Afr J Microbiol Res, 5(27), 4546-4548.
11 Mansour RA, Ghadjari A, Reza M, et al(2008). Airborne microbial contamination of dental units. Tanaffos, 7(2), 54-57.
12 Nam YS(2008). Analysis on relevant factors in practice of prevention for infections in deltal clinics-(focusing on dental hygienists). J Den Hyg Sci, 8(3), 189-198.
13 Sawhney A, Venuhopal S, Girish RJ, et al(2015). Aerosols how dangerous they are in clinical practice. J Clin Diagn Res, 9(4), 52-57.   DOI
14 Nejatidanesh F, Khosravi Z, Goroohi H, et al(2013). Risk of contamination of different areas of dentist's face during dental practices. Int J Prev Med, 4(5), 611-615.
15 Oh SG(1998). A study of infection control in dental office. J Korean Dent Assoc, 36(12), 837-844.
16 Pittet D, Dharan S, Touveneau S, et al(1999). Bacterial contamination of the hands of hospital staff during routine patient care. Arch Int Med, 159(8), 821-826.   DOI
17 Son WK, Shin SY, Kye SB, et al(2009). The effect of chlorhexidine on reduction of viable organisms in aerosol produced by ultrasonic scaler. J Korean Acad Periodontal, 39(3), 303-310.   DOI
18 Toroglu MS, Haytac MC, Koksal F(2001). Evaluation of aerosol contamination during debonding procedures. Angle Orthod, 71(4), 299-306.
19 Allen AL, Organ RJ(1982). Occult blood accumulation und er the fingernails: a mechanism for the spread of bloodborne infection. J Am Dent Assoc, 105, 455-459.   DOI
20 Bennett AM, Fulfold MR, Walker JT, et al(2000). Microbial aerosols in general dental practice. Brit Dent J, 189(12), 664-667.   DOI
21 Chaung SK(2018). The effect of hand washing procedure poster on the hand washing behaviors. The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology, 4(3), 269-274   DOI
22 Veena HR, Mahantesha S, Joseph PA, et al(2015). Dissemination of aerosol and splatter during ultrasonic scaling-a pilot study. Journal of Infection and Public Health, 8(3), 260-265.   DOI
23 Yoo HN, Kang KH(2013). The implementation status of dental treatment infection control standards of dental hygienists. Journal of Digital Convergence, 11(12), 649-656.   DOI
24 Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Guidelines for infection control in dental health, 2003. Available at https://www.cdc.gov/infectioncontrol/guidelines/environmental/ Accessed July 15, 2018.
25 Fluent MT(2013). Hand hygiene in the dental settings-reducing the risk of infection. Compend Contin Educ Dent, 34(8), 624-627.
26 Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Guidelines for Preventing Medical-Related Infections, 2017. Available at http://www.cdc.go.kr/CDC/together/CdcKrTogether0302.jsp?menuIds=HOME006-MNU2804-MNU3027-MNU2979&cid=138061 Accesed August 21, 2018.
27 Choi JU, Park HS, Sim SH, et al(2009). A study on affect factors in dental infection control: Focus on wash hand and put gloves on of a dental step. J Den Hyg Sci, 9(1), 35-41.
28 Monalisa M, Aruna CN, Padma KB, et al(2017). Microbial contamination of the mouth masks used by postgraduate students in a private dental institution: an in-vitro study. IOSR-JDMS, 16(5), 61-67.