Browse > Article
http://dx.doi.org/10.3345/kjp.2008.51.5.512

The characteristics of neurocardiogenic syncope in children  

Lee, Kyung Yeon (Department of Pediatrics, Cheongju St. Mary's Hospital)
Lee, Jin Young (Department of Pediatrics, Cheongju St. Mary's Hospital)
Kim, Myoung Hyun (Department of Pediatrics, Cheongju St. Mary's Hospital)
Lee, Jeong Eun (Department of Pediatrics, Cheongju St. Mary's Hospital)
Kim, Yong Dae (Department of Preventive Medicine, Chungbuk National University)
Lee, Eun Ju (Department of Pediatrics, Chungbuk National University)
Lim, Young Su (Department of Pediatrics, Chungbuk National University)
Kim, Won Seop (Department of Pediatrics, Chungbuk National University)
Publication Information
Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics / v.51, no.5, 2008 , pp. 512-517 More about this Journal
Abstract
Purpose : Syncope is relatively common in children and adolescents. Among the etiologies of syncope, neurocardiogenical syncope is the most common, but it is often confounded with seizure. We investigated the clinical features of patients under the age of 15 with neurocardiogenical syncope, compared to patients with neurologic disorders including epilepsy. Methods : Among the children who visited the Department of Pediatrics at Cheongju St. Mary's Hospital and Chungbuk National University Hospital from March 2005 to February 2007, we retrospectively analyzed 69 patients whose chief complaint was syncope. We classified the patients by syncope etiology and made comparisons between the neurocardiogenical syncope (NCS) group and the neurological disorders (ND) group regarding to age; location; time and season in which syncope occurred; associated symptoms, including seizures, provocation factors; prodromes; duration of syncope; frequency of previous syncope; birth history; associated disease; past medical history; family history; neurological exam; physical exam; laboratory findings; electrocardiography; electroencephalography (EEG); head-up tilt test; brain CT; and MRI. Results : Among 69 syncope patients, 53 (76.8%) were in the NCS group and 11 (15.9%) were in the ND group. There were no statistically significant differences between the two study groups except for the presence of prodromes and EEG abnormalities. The presence of prodromes in the NCS group was more common than in the ND group [46.9% (23/49) vs. 9.1% (1/11), (P=0.038)]. The EEG abnormality in the ND group was more common than in the NCS group [90% (9/10) vs. 5.8% (3/52), (P<0.01)]. Conclusion : Our study suggests that detailed history-taking, including that concerning prodromes, is important for the accurate diagnosis of neurocardiogenical syncope, and EEG should be obtained if neurological disorders are suggested.
Keywords
Syncope; Child;
Citations & Related Records
연도 인용수 순위
  • Reference
1 Lamb LE, Green HC, Combs JJ, Cheeseman SA, Hammond I. Incidence of loss of consciousness in 1,980 Air Force personnel. Aerosp Med 1960;31:973-88.
2 Serletis A, Rose S, Sheldon AG, Sheldon RS, Vasovagal syncope in medical students and their first-degree relatives, Eur Heart J 2006;27:1965-70.   DOI   ScienceOn
3 Strieper MJ. Distinguishing benign syncope from life-threatening cardiac causes of syncope, Semin Pediatr Neurol 2005;12:32-8.   DOI   ScienceOn
4 Chaves-Carballo E. Syncope and paroxysmal disorders other than epilepsy, In.Swairnan KF, Ashwal S, Ferriero DM, editors, Pediatric neurology: principles and practice, 4th ed. Mosby Co, 1209-23.
5 McKeon A, Vaughan C, Delanty N, Seizure versus syncope, Lancet Neurol 2006;5: 171-80.   DOI   ScienceOn
6 Graybiel A, McFarland R Use of tilt-table test in aviation medicine, J Aviation Med 1941 12:194-211.
7 Kim KS, Lee EB, Chung HJ. The clinical characteristics and usefulness of the ocular compression test in syncope of children test, J Korean Child Neurol Soc 2006;14:232-42.
8 Kapoor WN. Syncope. New Engl J Med 2000;343:1856-62.   DOI   ScienceOn
9 Schraeder PL, Lathers CM, Charles JB, The spectrum of syncope. J Clin Pharmacol 1994;34:454-9.   DOI   ScienceOn
10 Natale A, Akhtar M, jazayeri M, Dhala A, Blanck Z, Deshpande S, et al. Provocation of hypotension during head-up tilt testing in subjects with no history of syncope or presyncope. Circulation 1995;92:54-8.   DOI   ScienceOn
11 Feit LR Syncope in the pediatric patient: Diagnosis, pathophysiology, and treatment. Adv Pediatr 1996:43:469-94
12 McLeod KA. Syncope in childhood. Arch Dis Child 2003;38: 350-3.
13 Massin MM, Bourguiguont A, Coremans C, Comte' L, Lepage P, Gerard P, Syncope in pediatric patients presenting to an emergency department, J Pediatr 2004;145:223-8.   DOI   ScienceOn
14 Ganzeboom KS, Colrnan N, Reitsma JB, Shen WK, Wieling W, Prevalence and triggers of syncope in medical students, Am J Cardiol 2003;91:1006-8.   DOI   ScienceOn
15 Njernanze PC, Clinical limit of pressure-flow relation in the human brain. Stroke 1992;23:1743-7.   DOI   ScienceOn
16 Sheldon R, Rose S, Ritchie D, Connolly SJ, Koshman ML, Lee MA, et al. Historical criteria that distinguish syncope from seizures, J Am Coll Cardiol 2002;40:142-8.   DOI   ScienceOn
17 Lewis DA, Dhala A Syncope in pediatric patient, The cardiologist's perspective, Pediatr Clin North Am 1999;46:205-19.   DOI
18 Sun BC, Emond JA, Camargo CA Jr. Characteristics and admission patterns of patients presenting with syncope to U.S, emergency departments, 1992-2000, Acad Emerg Med 2004;11:1029-34.
19 Benditt DG, van Dijk JG, Sutton R, Wieting W, Lin Je, Sakaquchi S, et al. Syncope, Curr Probl Cardiol 2004;29: 152-229.   DOI   ScienceOn
20 Morillo CA, Klein GJ, Zandri S, Yee R Diagnostic accuracy of a low-dose isoproterenol head-up tilt protocol. Am Heart J 1995;129:901-6.
21 Linzer M, Yang EH, Estes NA 3rd, Wang P, Vorperian VR, Kapoor WN, Diagnosing syncope, Part 1: Value of history, physical examination, and electrocardiography, Clinical Efficacy Assessment Project of the American College of Physicians, Ann Intern Med 1997;126:989-96.   DOI   ScienceOn
22 Thilenius OG, Quinones JA, Husayni TS, Novak J. Tilt test for diagnosis of unexplained syncope in pediatric patients, Pediatrics 1991;87:334-8.
23 Briguole M, Alboni P, Benditt DG, Bergfeldt L, Blanc JJ, Bloch Thomsen PE, et al. Guidelines on management (diagnosis and treatment) of syncope-update 2004, Europace 2004;6:467-537.   DOI   ScienceOn