Browse > Article
http://dx.doi.org/10.3345/kjp.2008.51.4.362

Predisposing factors to nipple confusion  

Kim, Ji Hyun (Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, Dongguk University)
Cha, Og Ryeon (Department of nursing, Korea National Open University)
Seo, Yu Kyung (Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, Dongguk University)
Lee, Sun Ju (Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, Dongguk University)
Cho, Sung Min (Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, Dongguk University)
Park, Byung Chan (Department of Preventive Medicine, College of Medicine, Dongguk University)
Publication Information
Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics / v.51, no.4, 2008 , pp. 362-366 More about this Journal
Abstract
Purpose :The purpose of this study is to investigate the predisposing factors for nipple confusion by using questionnaires. Methods :From October, 2005 to October, 2006, we performed a survey on guardians of neonates who had been admitted to the nursery at Dongguk University Medical Center and were discharged 10 to 14 days before the survey. We reviewed their medical records retrospectively. The neonates were categorized into two groups; nipple-unconfused group and nipple-confused group. Results :There were 71 neonates in the nipple-unconfused group and 29 neonates in the nipple-confused group. In the nipple-confused group, 12 neonates (41.4%) had nipple-suckling experience before admission, whereas in the nipple-unconfused group, 54 neonates (76.1%) had nipple-suckling experience before admission; showing a difference that was statistically significant (P=0.001). Regarding to breast-feeding experience before admission, 11 neonates (37.9%) had experience in the nipple-confused group, whereas 49 neonates (69.0%) had in the nipple-unconfused group. This also showed a statistically significant difference (P=0.004). However, the relationship between the duration of breast-feeding prior to hospitalization was not different (P=0.151). Conclusion :In this study, we believe that the suckling experience and the breast-feeding of neonates before admission may be factors affecting the development of nipple confusion. This study particularly revealed that neonates who had only nipple suckling experience, regardless of breast-feeding, had less nipple confusion. Thus, allowing neonates enough time to make an attempt at nipple suckling may be helpful to prevent nipple confusion.
Keywords
Nipple; Confusion; Breast feeding;
Citations & Related Records
Times Cited By KSCI : 1  (Citation Analysis)
연도 인용수 순위
1 Hwang Wj, Chung Wj, Kang DR, Suh MH Factors affecting breastfeeding rate and duration. J Prev Med Public Health 2006;39:74-80   과학기술학회마을
2 The Korean Pediatric Society Committee on Nutrition. Infant nutrition. Seoul. The Korean Pediatric Society, 2000:46
3 UNICEF. The state of the world's children. Oxford Univ Press 1999
4 Seo rw, Kim Yj, Lee KH, Kim JY, Sim JG, Kim HS et al. A survey on the understanding of breast-feeding in pregnant woman. J Korean Pediatt Soc 2002:45:575-87
5 Neifert M, Lawrence R, Seacat J. Nipple confusion: toward a formal definition. J Pediatr 1995;126:S125-9   DOI
6 Leefsma M, Habatsky T. The influence of hospital routine on successful breast feeding. International Congress Series 518. Amsterdam: Excerpta Media, 1980
7 Klaus MH, Kennell JH. Maternal-infant interation: implications for adolescent mothering. Birth Defects Orig Artic Ser 1981;17:123-9
8 Sosa R, Kennell JH, Klaus M, Urrutia JJ. The effect of early mother-infant contact on breast feeding, infection and growth. Ciba Found Symp 1976:45:179-93
9 The Korean Pediatric Society Committee on Nutrition. Breastfeeding in outpatient clinic. Seoul. The Korean Pediatric Society, 2002:71
10 Fisher C. A midwife's view of the history of modern breastfeeding practices. Int J Gynaecol Obstet 1990;31(1 suppJ):47-50
11 King FS. The first weeks of breast feeding. IPPF Med Bull 1984;18:2-3
12 Casey CE, Neifert MR, Seacat JM, Neville MC. Nutrient intake by breast-fed infants during the first five days after birth. Am J Dis Child 1986;140:933-6