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http://dx.doi.org/10.3345/kjp.2008.51.1.73

Clinical significance of loss of p16 protein by immunohistochemical staining in acute lymphoblastic leukemia  

Jin, Hye Young (Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University)
Kang, Kyoung In (Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University)
Kim, Sun Young (Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University)
Youn, You Sook (Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University)
Kang, Joon Won (Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University)
Jo, Deog Yeon (Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University)
Kwon, Kye Chul (Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University)
Park, Kyung Duk (Department of Pediatrics, Korea Cancer Center Hospital)
Publication Information
Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics / v.51, no.1, 2008 , pp. 73-77 More about this Journal
Abstract
Purpose : p16 gene, mapped to the 9p21 chromosomal region, has emerged as a candidate tumor suppressor gene in human neoplasm. It is an inhibitor of cyclin-dependent kinase and inhibits Rb phosphorylation. In a variety of tumors including childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), deletion and/or mutation of the p16 gene has been found. Despite their high frequency, the prognostic importance of p16 alterations is still controversial in ALL and has been reported to be either unfavorable or similar to that of other patients. We studied the correlation between loss of p16 protein confirmed by immunohistochemical staining and clinical outcomes of patients diagnosed as ALL. Methods : We performed an immunohistochemical staining for p16 protein in 74 cases of bone marrow biopsy slide initially diagnosed as ALL between January 1998 and December 2006. We reviewed the clinical manifestations, laboratory findings, treatment outcomes retrospectively. Results : Of 74 slides, 12 were negative for p16 protein. Seven were males and 5 were females with a median age at diagnosis was 5.8 (1.3-18.8) years. Initial WBC were 17,225 $(500-403,300)/{\mu}L$. By immunologic surface marker analysis, 7 patients were early pre-B CALLA (+) and 5 patients were T-cell ALL. Two patients of intermediate risk group had relapsed and died. Three patients had family history of breast cancer. Four patients died and overall survival rates were $53.5{\pm}18.7%$. Conclusion : Loss of p16 protein is supposed to be an independent risk factor of childhood ALL associated with poor outcomes. In clinical setting, the clinician must take into account p16 status, not only at the genomic but also at the protein level. Further clinical experience on thoroughly investigated cases will help a better understanding between p16 status and clinical outcomes.
Keywords
Leukemia; Lymphocytic; Acute; p16;
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