Browse > Article
http://dx.doi.org/10.3345/kjp.2008.51.12.1300

Preliminary analysis of metabolic syndrome components in Korean adolescents by using Korean national health and nutrition examination Survey pooling data (1998, 2001, and 2005)  

Huh, Kyoung (Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, Inje University, Sanngye-Paik Hospital)
Park, Mi Jung (Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, Inje University, Sanngye-Paik Hospital)
Publication Information
Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics / v.51, no.12, 2008 , pp. 1300-1309 More about this Journal
Abstract
Purpose :This study aimed to estimate age- and gender-specific cut points for metabolic syndrome (MS) components, including body mass index (BMI), blood pressure (BP), triglycerides, high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol, and glucose. Methods :Data from the 1998, 2001, and 2005 Korean NHANES (National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey) were analyzed (n=4164; 2,139 boys and 2,025 girls, aged 10-19 years). Height, weight, waist circumference (WC), BP, triglycerides, HDL cholesterol, and fasting glucose were measured. Results :BMI over $25kg/m^2$ represents the $85^{th}P$ (percentile) in 17-year-old boys and the $90^{th}P$ in 17-year-old girls. A level of WC higher than that of the cutoff points of Asian adults was found in the $90^{th}P$ of 17-year-old boys and girls. The $90^{th}P$ of boys aged 15 years old and the $95^{th}P$ of 13-year-old were included in the range of systolic BP over 130 mm Hg. Over the $75^{th}P$ of the group showed triglycerides greater than 110 mg/dL, (criterion of MS presented by NCEP-ATP III) and the $90^{th}P$ of the group showed triglycerides greater than 150 mg/dL by IDF. An HDL cholesterol level of 40 mg/dL represents the $25^{th}P$ in boys and the $10^{th}P$ in girls. A glucose level greater than 110 mg/dL represents the $95^{th}P$ and greater than 100 mg/dL represents the $90^{th}P$. Conclusion :Values of the $90^{th}P$ of MS components in late adolescent boys (WC, BP, and triglycerides) and girls (WC and triglycerides) were very high and in close proximity to the diagnostic criteria of adult MS.
Keywords
Metabolic syndrome; Reference value; Adolescent; Korean NHANES;
Citations & Related Records
Times Cited By KSCI : 5  (Citation Analysis)
연도 인용수 순위
1 Hjermann I. The metabolic cardiovascular syndrome: syndrome X, Reaven's syndrome, insulin resistance syndrome, atherothrombogenic syndrome. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol 1992; 20 Suppl 8:S5-10
2 Eckel RH. Obesity-mechanisms and clinical management. 1st ed. Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2003:3-30, 91-102
3 Wilson PW, D'Agostino RB, Parise H, Sullivan L, Meigs JB. Metabolic syndrome as a precursor of cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes mellitus. Circulation 2005;112:3066-72   DOI   ScienceOn
4 International Diabetes Federation. The IDF consensus worldwide definition of the metabolic syndrome. 2005. Available from: URL://http://www.idf.org/
5 Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys. Available from: URL://http://knhanes.cdc.go.kr/
6 Hong YM, Lee JY, Jung JW, Kim NS, Noh CI, Lee SY, et al. Normal blood pressure values and percentile curves in children. Korean Circ J 2006;36:744-52   DOI
7 Zimmet P, Alberti KG, Kaufman F, Tajima N, Silink M, Arslanian S, et al. IDF Consensus Group. The metabolic syndrome in children and adolescents - an IDF consensus report. Pediatr Diabetes 2007;8:299-306   DOI   ScienceOn
8 Savva SC, Tornaritis M, Savva ME. Kourides Y, Panagi A, Silikiotou N, et al. Waist circumference and waist-to-height ration are better predictors of cardiovascular disease risk factors in children than body mass index. Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord 2000;24:1453-8   DOI   ScienceOn
9 Lee CG, Moon JS, Choi JM, Nam CM, Lee SY, Oh K, et al. Normative blood pressure references for Korean children and adolescents. Korean J Pediatr 2008;51:33-41   DOI   ScienceOn
10 Morrison JA, deGroot I, Edwards BK, Kelly KA, Rauh JL, Mellies M, et al. Plasma cholesterol and triglyceride levels in 6,775 school children, ages 6-17. Metabolism 1977;26:1199-211   DOI   ScienceOn
11 United States Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, National Institutes of Health, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Cholesterol Education Program. Report of the Expert Panel on Blood Cholesterol Levels in Children and Adolescents. Bethesda, Md.: 1991. NIH publication no. 91-2732
12 Goodman E, Daniels SR, Morrison JA, Huang B, Dolan LM. Contrasting prevalence of and demographic disparities in the World Health Organization and National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III definitions of metabolic syndrome among adolescents. J Pediatr 2004;45:445-51
13 Seo MJ, Seong JW, Sohn KJ, Ko BJ, Han JH, Kim SM. Prevalence of the metabolic syndrome in Korean children and adolescents: Korea National Health and Nutrition Survey 2001. J Korean Acad Fam Med 2006;27:798-806
14 Yoo KH. Studies on serum lipids in primary school children (dissertation). Seoul: Univ. of Korea., 1990
15 Cook S, Weitzman M, Auinger P, Nguyen M, Dietz WH. Prevalence of a metabolic syndrome phenotype in adolescents: findings from the third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 1988-1994. Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med 2003;157:821-7   DOI   ScienceOn
16 Shin DH, Lee HS, Lee KH, Eun BL, Lim CS, Tockgo YC. Serum lipids of school children and adolescence in urban and rural area. Korean J Pediatr 2004;47:1273-80
17 Lim S, Park KS, Lee HK, Cho SI. Changes in the characteristics of metabolic syndrome in Korea over the period 1998-2001 as determined by Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys. Diabetes Care 2005;28:1810-2   DOI   ScienceOn
18 Kim HM, Park J, Kim HS, Kim DH. Prevalence of the metabolic syndrome in Korean adolescents aged 1219 years from the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 1998 and 2001. Diabetes Res Clin Pract 2007;75:111-4   DOI   ScienceOn
19 Jolliffe CJ, Janssen I. Development of age-specific adolescent metabolic syndrome criteria that are linked to the Adult Treatment Panel III and International Diabetes Federation criteria. J Am Coll Cardiol 2007;49:891-8   DOI   ScienceOn
20 Park HS, Park CY, Oh SW, Yoo HJ. Prevalence of obesity and metabolic syndrome in Korean adults. Obes Rev 2008;9: 104-7
21 Ferranti SD, Gauvreau K, Ludwig DS, Neufeld EJ, Newburger JW, Rifai N. Prevalence of the metabolic syndrome in American adolescents: findings from the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Circulation 2004; 110:2494-7   DOI   ScienceOn
22 Chang JH, Kim DH, Kim HS, Choi IK, Cheong MY, Kim DK. Prevalence of metabolic syndrome in obese children. Korean J Pediatr 2004;47:1149-56
23 National High Blood Pressure Education Program Working Group on High Blood Pressure in Children and Adolescents. The fourth report on the diagnosis, evaluation, and treatment of high blood pressure in children and adolescents. Pediatrics 2004;114(2 Suppl 4th Report):555-76   DOI   ScienceOn
24 Freedman DS, Serdula MK, Srinivasan SR, Berenson GS. Relation of circumferences and skinfold thicknesses to lipid and insulin concentrations in children and adolescents: the Bogalusa Heart Study. Am J Clin Nutr 1999;69:308-17   DOI
25 Brambilla P, Lissau I, Flodmark CE, Moreno LA, Widhalm K, Wabitsch M. et al. Metabolic risk-factor clustering estimation in children: to draw a line across pediatric metabolic syndrome. Int J Obes (Lond) 2007;31:591-600   DOI
26 Sung EJ. A metabolic syndrome phenotype in Korean children & adolescents: prevalence and change in characteristics over the period 1998-2001 (dissertation). Seoul: Univ. of Seoul., 2006
27 Bao W, Srinivasan SR, Wattigney WA, Berenson GS. Persistence of multiple cardiovascular risk clustering related to syndrome X from childhood to young adulthood. Arch Intern Med 1994;154:1842-7   DOI
28 Hickman TB, Briefel RR, Carroll MD, Rifkind BM, Cleeman JI, Maurer KR, et al. Distributions and trends of serum lipid levels among United States children and adolescents ages 4-19 years: data from the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Prev Med 1998;27:879-90   DOI   ScienceOn
29 Maffeis C, Pietrobelli A, Grezzani A, Provera S, Tato L. Waist circumference and cardiovascular risk factors in prepubertal children. Obes Res 2001;9:179-87   DOI   ScienceOn
30 Choi KM, Kim SM, Kim YE, Choi DS, Baik SH, Lee J. Prevalence and cardiovascular disease risk of the metabolic syndrome using National Cholesterol Education Program and International Diabetes Federation definitions in the Korean population. Metabolism 2007;56:552-8   DOI   ScienceOn