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Long term prognosis of patients who had a Fontan operation  

Kim, Hyun-Jung (Department of Pediatrics, Seoul National university Children's Hospital)
Bae, Eun-Jung (Department of Pediatrics, Seoul National university Children's Hospital)
Noh, Jung-Il (Department of Pediatrics, Seoul National university Children's Hospital)
Choi, Jung-Yun (Department of Pediatrics, Seoul National university Children's Hospital)
Yun, Yong-Su (Department of Pediatrics, Seoul National university Children's Hospital)
Kim, Wong-Hwan (Department of Thoracic Surgery, Seoul National university Children's Hospital)
Lee, Jung-Yeul (Department of Thoracic Surgery, Seoul National university Children's Hospital)
Kim, Yong-Jin (Department of Pediatrics, Seoul National university Children's Hospital)
Publication Information
Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics / v.50, no.1, 2007 , pp. 40-46 More about this Journal
Abstract
Purpose : This study assessed the long term survival rate and long term complications of patients who had a modified Fontan operation for functionally univentricular cardiac anomaly. Methods : Between June 1986 and December 2000, 302 patients with a functional single ventricle underwent surgical interventions and were followed up until February 2006. The mean follow-up period was $8.3{\pm}5.3years$ (range 3.5-18 years). Their median age was 2.4 years at the Fontan operation. The survival rate, the incidence and the risk factor of late complications were evaluated retrospectively. Results : The verall survival rate was 91 percent at 5 years and 87 percent at 10 years. In multivariate analysis, early calendar year of operation and significant regurgitation were risk factors of death. The surviving patients showed NYHA functional class I in 82 percent, class II in 15 percent, and class III in 3 percent. Redo Fontan operations were necessary in 8.8 percent of patients at average $12.8{\pm}3.6years$ after initial Fontan operation. The most common cause of Fontan conversion was atrial arrhythmia. The incidence of thromboembolic events was 9.3% and these complications were associated with the occurrence of atrial tachyarrhythmia. Supraventricular tachycardia including atrial flutter or fibrillation were reported on the follow-up examination by 11.2 percent of survivors after $8.4{\pm}5.6years$. Atriopulmonary connection showed higher rates of late tachycardia than lateral tunnel operation. Conclusions : This study revealed that the recent survival rate of Fontan type operation was satisfactory, but the occurrence of late complications after a Fontan type operation increased with the longer survival. There is a need for strict follow up and early treatment of late complications in patients who had a Fontan operation.
Keywords
Fontan type operation; Late complication; Risk factors;
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