Browse > Article

Clinical study in children with cerebral palsy associated with or without epilepsy  

Ahn, Yongjoo (Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, Kyunghee University Hospital)
Chung, Hyejeon (Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, Kyunghee University Hospital)
Youn, Suk (Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, Kyunghee University Hospital)
Cho, Euihyun (Chungju Medical Center)
Chung, Sajun (Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, Kyunghee University Hospital)
Publication Information
Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics / v.49, no.5, 2006 , pp. 529-532 More about this Journal
Abstract
Purpose : To study the spectrum of epilepsy in children with cerebral palsy. Methods : A total of 93 consecutive patients with cerebral palsy(CP) were retrospectively suited. Criteria for inclusion were a follow-up period of at least 2 years. The study examined the correlation between the incidence of epilepsy and seizure types in the different forms of CP. Other factors associated with epilepsy, such as age of first seizure, occurrence of abnormalities on brain imaging, and electroencephalogram were also analyzed. Results : The overall prevalence of epilepsy in children with CP was 46.2 percent. The incidence of epilepsy was predominant in patients with mixed, diplegic, and quadriplegic palsies : 55.5 percent, 51.6 percent, and 50.0 percent in frequency. The first seizure occurred during the first year of life in 48.8 percent of patients with epilepsy. Generalized tonic-clonic seizures were the most common seizure type(44.2 percent), predominant in diplegic patients(64.3 percent). On the other hand, infantile spasms and myoclonic seizures were the main cause of seizures among quadriplegic children(60 percent and 40 percent, respectively). The occurrence of epilepsy was more popular in the group with abnormal brain imagings; especially encephalomalacia and cortical atrophy. All children with epilepsy in this study showed abnormal electroencephalogram(EEG) findings: Generalized abnormalities were observed in 55.8 percent of children with epilepsy; more dominantly in quadriplegic children(80.0 percent); and 40 percent of children with diplegia showed focal abnormalities. Conclusion : Cerebral palsy is associated with a higher incidence of seizure disorders, which, in the majority, has its onset in the first year of life; brain imaging and EEG are most effective in spotting epilepsy in children with CP.
Keywords
Epilepsy; Cerebral palsy;
Citations & Related Records
연도 인용수 순위
  • Reference
1 Zafeiriou DI, Kontopoulos EE, Tsikoulas I. Characteristics and prognosis of epilepsy in children with CP. J Child Neurol 1999;14:289-94   DOI
2 Curatolo P, Arpino C, Stazi MA, Medda E. Risk factors for the co-occurrence of partial epilepsy, cerebral palsy and mental retardation. Dev Med Child Neurol 1995;37:776-82   DOI   ScienceOn
3 Kuenneth CA, Boyle C, Murphy CC, Yeargin-Allsopp M. Reproductive risk factors for epilepsy among ten-year-old children in metropolitan Atlanta. Paediatr Perinat Epidemiol 1996;10:186-96   DOI   ScienceOn
4 Levene M. The clinical conundrum of neonatal seizures. Arch Dis Child Fetal Neonatal Ed 2002;86:F75-7   DOI
5 Commission on Classification and Terminology of the International League Against Epilepsy. Proposal for revised clinical and electroencephalographic classification of epileptic seizures. Epilepsia 1981;22:489-501   DOI   ScienceOn
6 Kwong KL, Wong SN, So KT. Epilepsy in children with cerebral palsy. Pediatr Neurol 1998;19:31-6   DOI   ScienceOn
7 Kulak W, Sobaniec W. Risk factors and prognosis of epilepsy in children with cerebral palsy in north-eastern Poland. Brain Dev 2003;25:499-506   DOI   ScienceOn
8 Aicardi J. Epilepsy in brain-injured children. Dev Med Child Neurol 1990;32:191-202   DOI   ScienceOn
9 Delgado MR, Riela AR, Mills J, Pitt A, Browne R. Discontinuation of antiepileptic drug treatment after two seizurefree years in children with cerebral palsy. Pediatrics 1996; 97:192-7
10 Edebol-Tysk K. Epidemiology of spastic tetraplegic cerebral palsy in Sweden. I. Impairments and disabilities. Neuropediatrics 1989;20:41-5   DOI
11 Aicardi J. Epilepsy as a presenting manifestation of brain tumours and of other selected brain disorders. In : Aicardi J, editor. Epilepsy in children(The international review of child neurology). New York, Raven, 1994:350-1
12 Ellenberg JH, Hirtz DG, Nelson KB. Age at onset of seizures in young children. Ann Neurol 1984;15:127-34   DOI   ScienceOn
13 Al-Sulaiman A. Electroencephalographic findings in children with cerebral palsy : a study of 151 patients. Funct Neurol 2001;16:325-8
14 Aksu F. Nature and prognosis of seizures in patients with cerebral palsy. Dev Med Child Neurol 1990;32:661-8   DOI   ScienceOn
15 Gururaj AK, Sztriha L, Bener A, Dawodu A, Eapen V. Epilepsy in children with cerebral palsy. Seizure 2003;12: 110-4   DOI   ScienceOn
16 Wallace SJ. Epilepsy in cerebral palsy. Dev Med Child Neurol 2001;43:713-7   DOI   ScienceOn
17 Senbil N, Sonel B, Aydin OF, Gurer YK. Epileptic and non-epileptic cerebral palsy : EEG and cranial imaging findings. Brain Dev 2002;24:166-9   DOI   ScienceOn
18 Singhi P, Jagirdar S, Khandelwal N, Malhi P. Epilepsy in children with cerebral palsy. J Child Neurol 2003;18:174-9   DOI
19 Bruck I, Antoniuk SA, Spessatto A, Bem RS, Hausberger R, Pacheco CG. Epilepsy in children with cerebral palsy. Arq Neuropsiquiatr 2001;59:35-9   DOI   ScienceOn