Browse > Article

Recent Advances in Regulating Energy Homeostasis and Obesity  

Park, Mi Jung (Department of Pediatrics, Sanggye Paik Hospital, Inje University College of Medicine)
Publication Information
Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics / v.48, no.2, 2005 , pp. 126-137 More about this Journal
Abstract
New insights in the complex metabolic pathways and its control mechanism for energy homeostasis have refined our understanding of the pathophysiology of obesity. It is now recognized that there are several additional regulatory mechanism such as peripheral signals including leptin, ghrelin, GLP-1 and PYY and cellular signals including uncoupling proteins and ${\beta}$ Adrenergic receptors, which contribute to the regulation of food intake and energy expenditure, respectively. In addition, the function of adipocyte as an endocrine organ in energy homeostasis has been recently emphasized. Recent findings suggest that elevated levels of adipokines, such as leptin, adiponectin, resistin and TNF-${\alpha}$, in addition to increased free fatty acid level could be related to the pathophysiology of insulin resistance in obesity. For effective treatments and prevention of obesity, further studies on the circuits of neural and endocrine interactions in the regulation of energy homeostasis are needed.
Keywords
Energy homeostasis; Adipocyte; Adipokines; Obesity;
Citations & Related Records
Times Cited By KSCI : 2  (Citation Analysis)
연도 인용수 순위
1 Lowell BB, Bachman ES. Beta-Adrenergic receptors, dietinduced thermogenesis, and obesity. J Biol Chem 2003;278: 29385-8   DOI   ScienceOn
2 Gale SM, Castracane VD, Mantzoros CS. Energy homeostasis, obesity and eating disorders : recent advances in endocrinology. J Nutr 2004;134:295-8   DOI
3 Havel PJ. Peripheral signals conveying metabolic information to the brain : short-term and long-term regulation of food intake and energy homeostasis. Exp Biol Med 2001; 226:963-77   DOI
4 Meier U, Gressner AM. Endocrine regulation of energy metabolism : review of pathobiochemical and clinical chemical aspects of leptin, ghrelin, adiponectin, and resistin. Clin Chem 2004;50:1511-25   DOI   ScienceOn
5 Jandacek RJ, Woods SC. Pharmaceutical approaches to the treatment of obesity. Drug Discov Today 2004;9:874-80   DOI   ScienceOn
6 Kahn BB, Flier JS. Obesity and insulin resistance. J Clin Invest 2000;106:473-81   DOI   ScienceOn
7 Havel PJ. Update on adipocyte hormones : regulation of energy balance and carbohydrate/lipid metabolism. Diabetes 2004;53(1 Suppl):143S-151S   DOI   ScienceOn
8 Wolf G. Insulin resistance and obesity : resistin, a hormone secreted by adipose tissue. Nutr Rev 2004;62:389-94   DOI   PUBMED   ScienceOn
9 Flier JS. Diabetes. The missing link with obesity? Nature 2001;409:292-3   DOI   PUBMED   ScienceOn
10 Fruhbeck G, Gomez-Ambrosi J, Muruzabal FJ, Burrell MA. The adipocyte : a model for integration of endocrine and metabolic signaling in energy metabolism regulation. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 2001;280:E827-47   DOI
11 Schwartz MW, Woods SC, Porte D, Seeley RJ, Baskin DG. Central nervous system control of food intake. Nature 2001;40404:661-71
12 Miller J, Rosenbloom A, Silverstein J. Childhood obesity. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2004;89:4211-8   DOI   ScienceOn
13 Webber J. Energy balance in obesity. Proc Nutr Soc 2003; 62:539-43   DOI   ScienceOn
14 Hofbauer KG. Molecular pathways to obesity. Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord 2002;26(2 Suppl):18S-27S
15 Kersten S. Peroxisome proliferator activated receptors and obesity. European Journal of Pharmacology 2002;440:223-4   DOI   PUBMED   ScienceOn
16 Jequier E. Leptin signaling, adiposity, and energy balance. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2002;967:379-88
17 Marette A. Molecular mechanisms of inflammation in obesity- linked insulin resistance. Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord 2003;27(3 Suppl):46S-48S   DOI
18 Shuldiner AR, Yang R, Gong DW. Resistin, obesity and insulin resistance-the emerging role of the adipocyte as an endocrine organ. N Engl J Med 2001;345:1345-6   DOI   ScienceOn
19 Kadowaki T, Hara K, Yamauchi T, Terauchi Y, Tobe K, Nagai R. Molecular mechanism of insulin resistance and obesity. Exp Biol Med 2003;228:1111-7   DOI
20 Flier JS. Obesity wars : molecular progress confronts an expanding epidemic. Cell 2004;23;116:337-50
21 Park MJ. Neuroendocrine control of food intake. J Korean Pediatr Endocrinol 2002;7:51-60
22 Saltiel AR, Kahn CR. Insulin signalling and the regulation of glucose and lipid metabolism. Nature 2001;414:799-806   DOI   ScienceOn
23 Grundy SM. Obesity, metabolic syndrome, and cardiovascular disease. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2004;89:2595-600   DOI   ScienceOn
24 Yanovski SZ, Yanovski JA. Obesity. N Engl J Med 2002; 346:591-602   DOI   ScienceOn
25 Goldfine AB, Kahn CR. Adiponectin : linking the fat cell to insulin sensitivity. Lancet 2003;362:1431-2   DOI   ScienceOn
26 Halford JC. Clinical pharmacotherapy for obesity : current drugs and those in advanced development. Curr Drug Targets 2004;5:637-46   DOI   PUBMED   ScienceOn
27 Lubrano-Berthelier C, Cavazos M, Dubern B, Shapiro A, Stunff CL, Zhang S, et al. Molecular genetics of human obesity-associated MC4R mutations. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2003;994:49-57   DOI   PUBMED   ScienceOn
28 Kim JB, Park JY. Molecular insights into fat cell differentiation and functional roles of adipocytokines. J Korean Society of Endocrinol 2002;17:1-7
29 Evans RM, Barish GD, Wang YX. PPARs and the complex journey to obesity. Nat Med 2004;10:355-61   DOI   ScienceOn
30 Lowell BB, Spiegelman BM. Towards a molecular understanding of adaptive thermogenesis. Nature 2000;404:652-60   DOI
31 Haluzik M, Parizkova J, Haluzik MM. Adiponectin and its role in the obesity-induced insulin resistance and related complications. Physiol Res 2004;53:123-9
32 Korner J, Leibel RL. To eat or not to eat - how the gut talks to the brain. N Engl J Med 2004;349:926-8   DOI   ScienceOn
33 Dandona P, Aljada A, Bandyopadhyay A. Inflammation : the link between insulin resistance, obesity and diabetes. Trends Immunol 2004;25:4-7   DOI   ScienceOn
34 Spiegelman BM, Flier JS. Obesity and the regulation of energy balance. Cell 2001;104:531-43   DOI   ScienceOn
35 Kershaw EE, Flier JS. Adipose tissue as an endocrine organ. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2004;89:2548-56   DOI   ScienceOn
36 Korner J, Aronne LJ. Pharmacological approaches to weight reduction : therapeutic targets. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2004;89:2616-21   DOI   ScienceOn
37 Neary NM, Goldstone AP, Bloom SR. Appetite regulation: from the gut to the hypothalamus. Clin Endocrinol 2004; 60:153-60   DOI   ScienceOn
38 Friedman JM. Modern science versus the stigma of obesity. Nat Med 2004;10:563-9   DOI   PUBMED   ScienceOn