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An Epidemiologic Study of Kawasaki Disease(1987-2000) : Incidence of Coronary Artery Complication in the Acute Stage  

Lee, Kyung-Yil (Department of Pediatric, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea)
Park, Min-Young (Department of Pediatric, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea)
Han, Ji-Whan (Department of Pediatric, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea)
Lee, Hyung-Shin (Department of Pediatric, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea)
Choi, Jin (Department of Pediatric, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea)
Whang, Kyung-Tai (Department of Pediatric, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea)
Publication Information
Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics / v.45, no.6, 2002 , pp. 783-789 More about this Journal
Abstract
Purpose : We evaluated the epidemiologic characteristics and incidence of coronary artery sequele of children with KD according to treatment. Methods : We retrospectively analyzed 506 medical records of children with KD, who were admitted at Daejeon St. Mary's Hospital from Jan. 1987 to Dec. 2000. Results : The mean annual incidence was $36.1{\pm}11.1$ cases per year. There was a slightly higher occurrence in summer with no significant difference in monthly incidence. The mean age was $2.4{\pm}1.7$ years and 450 children(88.9%) were below four years of age. The male to female ratio was 1.7 : 1. When the 345 cases between 1987 and 1994 were divided into three groups according to treatment, incidences of the coronary abnormality(above grade II) of aspirin-treated(54 cases; 15.6%), divided-intravenous immunoglobulin(IVIG) treated($400-500mg/day{\times}4-5days$, 224 cases; 64.9%), and one-dose IVIG treated(2.0 g/day, 67 cases; 19.5%) groups were 8.3%, 6.0%, and 7.5%, respectively. Between 1995 and 2000, 143 cases were treated with only one-dose IVIG and 21 cases(14.7%) showed coronary artery abnormalities(grade I, 15 cases; grade II, two cases; and grade III, four cases). Among the 143 cases, 22 cases(15.1%) were retreated with IVIG and/or steroid pulse therapy. The incidence of coronary artery abnormality in this group was 50.0%. Incidences of cases in recurrence and among siblings were 0.6% and 0.4% respectively. There was no fatal case. Conclusion : In Daejeon, Korea, the epidemiologic feature of KD showed slight annual variations without monthly differences. The incidence of coronary abnormality with one-dose IVIG therapy was 14.7%. The nonresponse of this therapy was 15.1% with a coronary abnormality of 50.0%.
Keywords
Kawasaki disease; Epidemiology; Coronary artery; Complication;
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