Browse > Article
http://dx.doi.org/10.3341/jkos.2009.50.10.1555

Effect of Glutathione With Sea Tangle Extract on Prevention of Selenite-Induced Cataract Formation in Rats  

Kim, Ei-Tae (Department of Ophthalmology, Inha University School of Medicine)
Oh, Jung-Hyub (Department of Ophthalmology, Inha University School of Medicine)
Publication Information
Journal of The Korean Ophthalmological Society / v.50, no.10, 2009 , pp. 1555-1562 More about this Journal
Abstract
Purpose: To evaluate antioxidative and preventive effects of sea tangle extract on selenite-induced cataract formation. Methods: Eighty SD rat pups were randomized into 8 groups. Group 1 received no injection of reagent (normal); Group 2 to 8 received injection of selenite (15 ${\mu}mol$/Kg, s.c.) was injected. In group 2 (control) and group 3, normal saline (i.p.) and ascorbic acid (i.p.) was injected on days 3$\sim$31. In groups 4$\sim$8, sea tangle extract (i.p.) was injected at a concentration of 12.5, 25, 50, 100, 200 mg/kg, respectively. Development of cataract was assessed and photographed weekly under slit lamp. Rat lenses were analyzed for antioxidant enzymes, glutathione peroxidase (GPx), superoxide dismutase and malondialdehyde. Furthermore, an amino acid analysis of sea tangle extract was performed. Results: Significant differences (p <0.05) were seen in cataract development in group 7. Dense nuclear cataracts developed in 8 of 10 of the control group (group 2); Group 4$\sim$8 developed nuclear cataract with proportion of 6/10, 3/10, 2/10, 1/10, and 6/10 rats. In sea tangle injected group, levels of GPx were higher than in the ascorbic acid and control groups. In particular, group 7, injected with 100 mg/kg of sea tangle extract, showed significantly high level of enzyme. Results of the amino acid analysis showed sea tangle includes glutamate-glycine-cysteine, major constituents of glutathione (GSH). Conclusions: The glutamate-glycine-cysteine in sea tangle is supposed to increase the level of lens GSH and this may contribute to lowering cataract development. This study strongly supports the activity of sea tangle as an endogenous antioxidant and anticataract agent.
Keywords
Antioxidants; Cataract; Glutathione; Laminaria japonica (Sea tangle);
Citations & Related Records
Times Cited By KSCI : 2  (Citation Analysis)
연도 인용수 순위
1 Congdon NG, Friedman DS, Lietman T. Important causes of visual impairment in the world today. JAMA 2003;290:2057-60   DOI   ScienceOn
2 Abraham AG, Condon NG, West Gower E. The new epidemiology of cataract. Ophthalmol Clin North Am 2006;19:415-25   PUBMED
3 Harding J, The epidemiology of cataract. In: Harding J, Ed. Cataract- biochemistry, Epidemiology and Pharmacology. Madras:Chapman & Hall, 1991; v. 2. chap. 13
4 Spector A. Oxidative stress-induced cataract: mechanism of action. FASEB J 1995;9:1173-82
5 Elanchezhian R, Ramesh E, Sakthivel M, et al. Acetyl-L-carnitine prevents selenite-induced cataractogenesis in an experimental animal model. Curr Eye Res 2007;32:961-71   DOI   ScienceOn
6 Arnal E, Miranda M, Almansa I, et al. Lutein prevents cataract development and progression in diabetic rats. Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol 2009;247:115-20   DOI   ScienceOn
7 Yagci R, Aydin B, Erdurmus M, et al. Use of melatonin to prevent selenite-induced cataract formation in rat eyes. Curr Eye Res 2006;31:845-50   DOI   ScienceOn
8 Yan X, Nagata T, Fan X. Antioxidative activities in some common sea weeds. Plant Foods Hum Nutr 1998;52:253-62   DOI   ScienceOn
9 Truscott RJ. Age-related nuclear cataract-oxidation is the key. Exp Eye Res 2005;80:709-25   DOI   PUBMED   ScienceOn
10 Hightower KR, McCready JP. Effect of selenite on epithelium of cultured rabbit lens. Invest Ophtalmol Vis Sci 1991;32:406-9   PUBMED
11 Kumaran S, Savitha S, Anusuya Devi M, Panneerselvam C. Lcarnitine and DL-alpha-lipoic acid reverse the age-related deficit in glutathione redox state in skeletal muscle and heart tissues. Mech Ageing Dev 2004;125:507-12   DOI   ScienceOn
12 Kim JP. Development of protein utilization from insoluble algae-I. Korean J Food Sci Technol 1974;6:17-23
13 Park JH, Lee YJ, Kim JJ, et al. The effect of pinitol on cataractogenesis and anti-oxidative effect in streptozotocin induced diabetic rats. J Korean Ophthalmol Soc 2005;46:1886-93
14 Giblin FJ. Glutathione: a vital lens antioxidant. J Ocul Pharmacol Ther 2000;16:121-35   DOI   ScienceOn
15 Mares-Perlman JA, Lyle BJ, Klein R, et al. Vitamin supplement use and incident cataracts in a population-based study. Arch Ophthalmol 2000;118:1556-63   DOI   PUBMED   ScienceOn
16 Sperduto RD, Hu TS, Milton RC, et al. The Linxian cataract studies. Two nutrition intervention trials. Arch Ophthalmol 1993;111:1246-53   DOI   PUBMED   ScienceOn
17 Lee KS, Choi YS, Seo JS. Sea tangle supplementation lowers blood glucose and supports antioxidant systems in streptozotocininduced diabetic rats. J Med Food 2004;7:130-5   DOI   ScienceOn
18 Ostadalova I, Babicky A, Obenberger J. Cataract induced by administration of a single dose of sodium selenite to suckling rats. Experientia 1978;34:222-3   DOI   PUBMED   ScienceOn
19 Lim J, Li L, Jacobs MD, et al. Mapping of glutathione and its precursor amino acids reveals a role for GLYT2 in glycine uptake in the lens core. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2007;48:5142-51   DOI   ScienceOn
20 Hockwin O, Hata N. Changes in the content in reduced and oxydized glutathione in incubated bovine lenses. Albrecht Von Graefes Arch Klin Exp Ophthalmol 1978;206:151-5   DOI   ScienceOn
21 Ruperez P, Ahrazem O, Leal JA. Potential antioxidant capacity of sulfated polysaccharides from the edible marine brown seaweed Fucus vesiculosus. J Agric Food Chem 2002;50:840-5   DOI   ScienceOn
22 Santini SA, Marra G, Giardina B, et al. Defective plasma antioxidant defenses and enhanced susceptibility to lipid peroxidation in uncomplicated IDDM. Diabetes 1997;46:1853-8   DOI   ScienceOn
23 Harding JJ. Free and protein-bound glutathione in normal and cataractous human lenses. Biochem J 1970;117:957-60   PUBMED
24 Reddan JR, Sevilla MD, Giblin FJ, et al. The superoxide dismutase mimic TEMPOL protects cultured rabbit lens epithelial cells from hydrogen peroxide insult. Exp Eye Res 1993;56:543-54   DOI   ScienceOn
25 Kasuya M, Itoi M, Kobayashi S, et al. Changes of glutathione and taurine concentrations in lenses of rat eyes induced by galactosecataract formation or ageing. Exp Eye Res 1992;54:49-53   DOI   ScienceOn
26 Shearer TR, David LL, Anderson RS. Selenite cataract: a review. Curr Eye Res 1987;6:289-300   DOI   ScienceOn
27 Nishigori H, Lee JW, Iwatsuru M. An animal model for cataract research: cataract formation in developing chick embryo by glucocorticoid. Exp Eye Res 1983;36:617-21   DOI   ScienceOn
28 Bhat KS, John A, Reddy PR, et al. Effect of pigmentation on glutathione redox cycle antioxidant defense in whole as well as different regions of human cataractous lens. Exp Eye Res 1991;52:715-21   DOI   ScienceOn
29 Park PJ, Kim EK, Lee SJ, et al. Protective effects against $H_2O_2$-induced damage by enzymatic hydrolysates of an edible brown seaweed, sea tangle (Laminaria japonica). J Med Food 2009;12:159-66   DOI   ScienceOn
30 Resnikoff S, Pascolini D, Etya'ale D, et al. Global data on visual impairment in the year 2002. Bull World Health Organ 2004;82:844-51   PUBMED
31 Okumura A, Oishi K, Murata K. Quality of KOMBU, one of the edible seaweeds, belonging to the Laminariaceae-Ⅶ. waterextracting conditions of total and amino nitrogens. Bull Japan Fish Sci Soc 1963;29:1089-91   DOI
32 Tang H, Inoue M, Uzawa Y, Kawamura Y. Anti-tumorigenic components of a sea weed, Eeteromorpha clathrata. Biofactors 2004;22:107-10   DOI   ScienceOn
33 Lou MF. Redox regulation in the lens. Prog Retin Eye Res 2003;22:657-82   DOI   PUBMED   ScienceOn
34 Sakthivel M, Elanchezhian R, Ramesh E, et al. Prevention of selenite-induced cataractogenesis in wistar rats by the polyphenol, ellagic acid. Exp Eye Res 2008;86:251-9   DOI   ScienceOn
35 Kimura Y, Watanabe K, Okuda H. Effects of soluble sodium alginate on cholesterol excretion and glucose tolerance in rats. J Ethnopharmacol 1996;54:47-54   DOI   ScienceOn