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http://dx.doi.org/10.4196/kjpp.2009.13.5.393

The Influences of G Proteins, $Ca^{2+}$, and $K^+$ Channels on Electrical Field Stimulation in Cat Esophageal Smooth Muscle  

Park, Jun-Hong (College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University)
Kim, Hyun-Sik (College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University)
Park, Sun-Young (College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University)
Im, Chae-Uk (College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University)
Jeong, Ji-Hoon (School of Medicine, Chung-Ang University)
Kim, In-Kyeom (School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University)
Sohn, Uy-Dong (College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University)
Publication Information
The Korean Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology / v.13, no.5, 2009 , pp. 393-400 More about this Journal
Abstract
NO released by myenteric neurons controls the off contraction induced by electrical field stimulation (EFS) in distal esophageal smooth muscle, but in the presence of nitric oxide synthase (NOS) inhibitor, L-NAME, contraction by EFS occurs at the same time. The authors investigated the intracellular signaling pathways related with G protein and ionic channel EFS-induced contraction using cat esophageal muscles. EFS-induced contractions were significantly suppressed by tetrodotoxin ($1\;{\mu}M$) and atropine ($1\;{\mu}M$). Furthermore, nimodipine inhibited both on and off contractions by EFS in a concentration dependent meaner. The characteristics of 'on' and 'off contraction and the effects of G-proteins, phospholipase, and $K^+$ channel on EFS-induced contraction in smooth muscle were also investigated. Pertussis toxin (PTX, a $G_i$ inactivator) attenuated both EFS-induced contractions. Cholera toxin (CTX, $G_s$ inactivator) also decreased the amplitudes of EFS-induced off and on contractions. However, phospholipase inhibitors did not affect these contractions. Pinacidil (a $K^+$ channel opener) decreased these contractions, and tetraethylammonium (TEA, ${K^+}_{Ca}$ channel blocker) increased them. These results suggest that EFS-induced on and off contractions can be mediated by the activations Gi or Gs proteins, and that L-type $Ca^{2+}$ channel may be activated by G-protein ${\alpha}$ subunits. Furthermore, ${K^+}_{Ca^-}$ channel involve in the depolarization of esophageal smooth muscle. Further studies are required to characterize the physiological regulation of $Ca^{2+}$ channel and to investigate the effects of other $K^+$ channels on EFS-induced on and off contractions.
Keywords
EFS; Cat esophageal; Circular smooth muscle; NO; L-type $Ca^{2+}$ channel;
Citations & Related Records
Times Cited By KSCI : 1  (Citation Analysis)
Times Cited By Web Of Science : 2  (Related Records In Web of Science)
Times Cited By SCOPUS : 2
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