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Immunoregulatory Effect of Ginsenoside Rd against $CD4^+$ Th lymphocyte  

Joo, Inkyung (Department of ImmunoMicrobiology, College of Pharmacy, Dongduk Women's University)
Kim, Jeonghyeon (Department of ImmunoMicrobiology, College of Pharmacy, Dongduk Women's University)
Shehzad, Omer (Natural Products Research Institute, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University)
Kim, Yeong Shik (Natural Products Research Institute, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University)
Han, Yongmoon (Department of ImmunoMicrobiology, College of Pharmacy, Dongduk Women's University)
Publication Information
YAKHAK HOEJI / v.57, no.1, 2013 , pp. 37-42 More about this Journal
Abstract
In this present study, we determined the immunoregulatory activity of ginsenoside Rd extract from Panax ginseng. To determine the activity, we tested Rd against $CD4^+$ Th cells in a murine model of type 1 diabetes, which involves Th1-dominant immunity. The type 1 diabetes was caused by streptozotocin (STZ) and the severity of the diabetes was evaluated by measuring the degree of hyperglycemia, a major symptom of diabetes. The data resulting from experiments showed that ginsenoside Rd induced a greater level of Th1 type cytokines [IFN-${\gamma}$ & IL-2] than Th2 type [IL-4 & IL-10] (P<0.05), which was determined by cytokine profile analysis. In the animal model of diabetes, the depletion of $CD4^+$ Th cells by a treatment of anti-CD4 mAb resulted in considerably lower values of blood-glucose levels than those of the mAb-untreated mice, which indicates that the Th1 immune response from $CD4^+$ Th cells are responsible for diabetes. Based on these observations, the effect of Rd on diabetes was examined in the same animal model. Results showed that Rd-treated mice groups had increased levels of blood glucose compared to Rd-untreated mice groups that were used as a negative control (P<0.05). In other words, Rd aggravated the diabetes via the Th1 immune response. In conclusion, ginsenoside Rd had an immunoregulatory activity of Th1-dominant immunity.
Keywords
immunoregulatory; ginsenoside Rd; diabetes; streptozotocin; $CD4^+$ Th cell; anti-CD4 mAb;
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