Neuroprotective Agents in the Intensive Care Unit -Neuroprotective Agents in ICU - |
Panahi, Yunes
(Clinical Pharmacy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences)
Mojtahedzadeh, Mojtaba (Research Center for Rational Use of Drugs, Tehran University of Medical Sciences) Najafi, Atabak (Gastrointestinal Pharmacology Interest Group(GPIG), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network(USERN)) Rajaee, Seyyed Mahdi (Gastrointestinal Pharmacology Interest Group(GPIG), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network(USERN)) Torkaman, Mohammad (Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences) Sahebkar, Amirhossein (Neurogenic Inflammation Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences) |
1 | Bharosay A, Bharosay VV, Varma M, Saxena K, Sodani A, Saxena R. Correlation of Brain Biomarker Neuron Specific Enolase (NSE) with Degree of Disability and Neurological Worsening in Cerebrovascular Stroke. Indian J Clin Biochem. 2012;27:186-90. DOI |
2 | Gonzalez-Garcia S, Gonzalez-Quevedo A, Fernandez-Concepcion O, Pena-Sanchez M, Menendez-Sainz C, Hernandez-Diaz Z, et al. Short-term prognostic value of serum neuron specific enolase and S100B in acute stroke patients. Clinical Biochemistry, 2012;45:1302-7. DOI |
3 | Lee TM, Ivers NM, Bhatia S, Butt DA, Dorian P, et al. Improving stroke prevention therapy for patients with atrial fibrillation in primary care: protocol for a pragmatic, cluster-randomized trial. Implementation Science. 2016;11:159. DOI |
4 | Lip GYH. Optimizing stroke prevention in elderly patients with atrial fibrillation. Journal of Thrombosis and Haemostasis 2016;14:2121-2123. DOI |
5 | Mazurek M, Lip GY. To occlude or not? Left atrial appendage occlusion for stroke prevention in atrial fibrillation. Heart. 2017;103:93-95. DOI |
6 | Mizukoshi G, Katsura K-I, Katayama Y. Urinary 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine and serum in acute cardioembolic stroke patients. Neurological Research. 2013;27:644-646. |
7 | Saver JL, Starkman S, Eckstein M, Stratton SJ, Pratt FD, Hamilton S, et al. Prehospital use of magnesium sulfate as neuroprotection in acute stroke. N Engl J Med. 2015;372:528-36. DOI |
8 | Laufs U, Gertz K, Huang P, Nickenig G, Bohm M, Dirnagl U, et al. Atorvastatin upregulates type III nitric oxide synthase in thrombocytes, decreases platelet activation, and protects from cerebral ischemia in normocholesterolemic mice. Stroke. 2000;31:2442-9. DOI |
9 | Amin-Hanjani S, Stagliano NE, Yamada M, Huang PL, Liao JK, Moskowitz MA. Mevastatin, an HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor, reduces stroke damage and upregulates endothelial nitric oxide synthase in mice. Stroke. 2001;32:980-6. DOI |
10 | Moon GJ, Kim SJ, Cho YH, Ryoo S, Bang OY. Antioxidant Effects of Statins in Patients with Atherosclerotic Cerebrovascular Disease. Journal of Clinical Neurology. 2014;10:140. DOI |
11 | Montaner J, Chacon P, Krupinski J, Rubio F, Millan M, Molina CA, et al. Simvastatin in the acute phase of ischemic stroke: a safety and efficacy pilot trial. European Journal of Neurology. 2007;15:82-90. DOI |
12 | Endres M, Laufs U, Huang Z, Nakamura T, Huang P, Moskowitz MA, et al. Stroke protection by 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl (HMG)-CoA reductase inhibitors mediated by endothelial nitric oxide synthase. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1998;95:8880-5. DOI |
13 | Cordenier A, De Smedt A, Brouns R, Uyttenboogaart M, De Raedt S, Luijckx GJ, et al. Pre-stroke use of statins on stroke outcome: a meta-analysis of observational studies. Acta Neurol Belg. 2011;111:261-7. |
14 | Hong KS, Lee JS. Statins in Acute Ischemic Stroke: A Systematic Review. Journal of Stroke. 2015;17:282-301. DOI |
15 | Lelli D, Pedone C, Sahebkar A. Curcumin and treatment of melanoma: The potential role of microRNAs. Biomed Pharmacother. 2017;88:832-834. DOI |
16 | Ramezani M, Hatamipour M, Sahebkar A. Promising Anti-tumor properties of Bisdemethoxycurcumin: A Naturally Occurring Curcumin Analogue. J Cell Physiol; 2017. |
17 | Elbini Dhouib I, Jallouli M, Annabi A, Gharbi N, Elfazaa S, Lasram MM. A minireview on N-acetylcysteine: An old drug with new approaches. Life Sciences. 2016;151:359-363. DOI |
18 | Singh H, Jalodia S, Gupta MS, Talapatra P, Gupta V, Singh I. Role of magnesium sulfate in neuroprotection in acute ischemic stroke. Ann Indian Acad Neurol. 2012;15:177-80. DOI |
19 | Talkachova A, Jaakkola J, Mustonen P, Kiviniemi T, Hartikainen JEK, Palomaki A, et al. Stroke as the First Manifestation of Atrial Fibrillation. Plos One. 2016;11:e0168010. DOI |
20 | Arakawa M, Ito Y. N-acetylcysteine and neurodegenerative diseases: Basic and clinical pharmacology. The Cerebellum. 2007;6:308-314. DOI |
21 | Bavarsad Shahripour R, Harrigan MR, Alexandrov AV. N-acetylcysteine (NAC) in neurological disorders: mechanisms of action and therapeutic opportunities. Brain and Behavior. 2014;4:108-122. DOI |
22 | Cuzzocrea S, Mazzon E, Costantino G, Serraino I, Dugo L, Calabro G, et al. Beneficial effects ofn-acetylcysteine on ischaemic brain injury. British Journal of Pharmacology. 2000;130:1219-1226. DOI |
23 | Sen O, Caner H, Aydin MV, Ozen O, Atalay B, Altinors N, et al. The effect of mexiletine on the level of lipid peroxidation and apoptosis of endothelium following experimental subarachnoid hemorrhage. Neurol Res. 2006;28:859-63. DOI |
24 | Findlay JM, Weir BK, Kanamaru K, Espinosa F. Arterial wall changes in cerebral vasospasm. Neurosurgery. 1989;25:736-45; discussion 745-6. DOI |
25 | Chen G, Shi J, Hu Z, Hang C. Inhibitory effect on cerebral inflammatory response following traumatic brain injury in rats: a potential neuroprotective mechanism of N-acetylcysteine. Mediators Inflamm. 2008;2008:716458. |
26 | Teymouri M, Pirro M, Johnston TP, Sahebkar A. Curcumin as a multifaceted compound against human papilloma virus infection and cervical cancers: A review of chemistry, cellular, molecular, and preclinical features. Biofactors; 2016. |
27 | Momtazi AA, Shahabipour F, Khatibi S, Johnston TP, Pirro M, Sahebkar A. Curcumin as a MicroRNA Regulator in Cancer: A Review. Rev Physiol Biochem Pharmacol. 2016;171:1-38. |
28 | Momtazi AA, Sahebkar A. Difluorinated Curcumin: A Promising Curcumin Analogue with Improved Anti-Tumor Activity and Pharmacokinetic Profile. Curr Pharm Des. 2016;22:4386-97. DOI |
29 | Rezaee R, Momtazi AA, Monemi A, Sahebkar A. Curcumin: A potentially powerful tool to reverse cisplatin-induced toxicity. Pharmacol Res. 2017;117:218-227. DOI |
30 | Mirzaei H, Naseri G, Rezaee R, Mohammadi M, Banikazemi Z, Mirzaei HR, et al. Curcumin: A new candidate for melanoma therapy? Int J Cancer. 2016;139:1683-95. DOI |
31 | Sahebkar A, Henrotin Y. Analgesic efficacy and safety of curcuminoids in clinical practice: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Pain Medicine (United States). 2016;17:1192-1202. |
32 | Panahi Y, Kianpour P, Mohtashami R, Jafari R, Simental-Mendia LE, Sahebkar A. Curcumin Lowers Serum Lipids and Uric Acid in Subjects With Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: A Randomized Controlled Trial. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol. 2016;68:223-9. DOI |
33 | Nakka VP, Gusain A, Mehta SL, Raghubir R. Molecular Mechanisms of Apoptosis in Cerebral Ischemia: Multiple Neuroprotective Opportunities. Molecular Neurobiology. 2007;37:7-38. |
34 | Gilgun-Sherki Y, Rosenbaum Z, Melamed E, Offen D. Antioxidant therapy in acute central nervous system injury: current state. Pharmacological Reviews. 2002;54:271-84. DOI |
35 | Chen H, Yoshioka H, Kim GS, Jung JE, Okami N, Sakata H, et al. Oxidative Stress in Ischemic Brain Damage: Mechanisms of Cell Death and Potential Molecular Targets for Neuroprotection. Antioxidants & Redox Signaling. 2011;14:1505-1517. DOI |
36 | Navarro-Yepes J, Zavala-Flores L, Anandhan A, Wang F, Skotak M, Chandra N, et al. Antioxidant gene therapy against neuronal cell death. Pharmacology & Therapeutics. 2014;142:206-230. DOI |
37 | Guney O, Erdi F, Esen H, Kiyici A, Kocaogullar Y. N-acetylcysteine prevents vasospasm after subarachnoid hemorrhage. World Neurosurg. 2010;73:42-9;discussion e3. DOI |
38 | Pereira Filho Nde A, Pereira Filho Ade A, Soares FP, Coutinho LM. Effect of N-acetylcysteine on vasospasm in subarachnoid hemorrhage. Arq Neuropsiquiatr. 2010;68:918-22. DOI |
39 | Ali T, Badshah H, Kim TH, Kim MO. Melatonin attenuates D-galactose-induced memory impairment, neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration via RAGE/NF-KB/JNK signaling pathway in aging mouse model. Journal of Pineal Research. 2015;58:71-85. DOI |
40 | Huang J, Upadhyay UM, Tamargo RJ. Inflammation in stroke and focal cerebral ischemia. Surgical Neurology. 2006;66:232-245. DOI |
41 | Niizuma K, Endo H, Chan PH. Oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction as determinants of ischemic neuronal death and survival. Journal of Neurochemistry. 2009;109:133-138. DOI |
42 | O'Collins VE, Macleod MR, Donnan GA, Horky LL, van der Worp BH, Howells DW. 1,026 Experimental treatments in acute stroke. Annals of Neurology. 2006;59:467-477. DOI |
43 | Danysz W, Parsons CG. Neuroprotective potential of ionotropic glutamate receptor antagonists. Neurotoxicity Research. 2002;4:119-26. DOI |
44 | Schauwecker PE. Neuroprotection by glutamate receptor antagonists against seizure-induced excitotoxic cell death in the aging brain. Experimental Neurology. 2010;224:207-218. DOI |
45 | van den Bergh WM, Algra A, van Kooten F, Dirven CM, van Gijn J, Vermeulen M, et al. Magnesium sulfate in aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage: a randomized controlled trial. Stroke. 2005;36:1011-5. DOI |
46 | Milani D, Cross JL, Anderton RS, Blacker DJ, Knuckey NW, Meloni BP. Neuroprotective efficacy of poly-arginine R18 and NA-1 (TAT-NR2B9c) peptides following transient middle cerebral artery occlusion in the rat. Neuroscience Research. 2017;114:9-15. DOI |
47 | Akdemir H, Kulakszoglu EO, Tucer B, Menku A, Postalc L, Gunald O. Magnesium Sulfate Therapy for Cerebral Vasospasm After Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage. Neurosurgery Quarterly. 2009;19:35-39. DOI |
48 | Chen T, Carter BS. Role of magnesium sulfate in aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage management: A meta-analysis of controlled clinical trials. Asian J Neurosurg. 2011;6:26-31. DOI |
49 | Hassan T, Nassar M, Elhadi SM, Radi WK. Effect of magnesium sulfate therapy on patients with aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage using serum S100B protein as a prognostic marker. Neurosurg Rev. 2012;35:421-7;discussion 427. DOI |
50 | Muroi C, Terzic A, Fortunati M, Yonekawa Y, Keller E. Magnesium sulfate in the management of patients with aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage: a randomized, placebo-controlled, dose-adapted trial. Surg Neurol. 2008;69:33-9;discussion 39. DOI |
51 | Veyna RS, Seyfried D, Burke DG, Zimmerman C, Mlynarek M, Nichols V, et al. Magnesium sulfate therapy after aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage. J Neurosurg. 2002;96:510-4. DOI |
52 | Watson N, Diamandis T, Gonzales-Portillo C, Reyes S, Borlongan CV. Melatonin as an Antioxidant for Stroke Neuroprotection. Cell Transplantation. 2016;25:883-891. DOI |
53 | Tordjman S, Chokron S, Delorme R, Charrier A, Bellissant E, Jaafari N, et al. Melatonin: Pharmacology, Functions and Therapeutic Benefits. Current Neuropharmacology. 2017;15:434-443. DOI |
54 | Rios ER, Venancio ET, Rocha NF, Woods DJ, Vasconcelos S, Macedo D, et al. Melatonin: pharmacological aspects and clinical trends. Int J Neurosci. 2010;120:583-90. DOI |
55 | Boutin JA, Audinot V, Ferry G, Delagrange P. Molecular tools to study melatonin pathways and actions. Trends Pharmacol Sci. 2005;26:412-9. DOI |
56 | Bandyopadhyay D, Biswas K, Bandyopadhyay U, Reiter RJ, Banerjee RK. Melatonin protects against stress-induced gastric lesions by scavenging the hydroxyl radical. J Pineal Res. 2000;29:143-51. DOI |
57 | Chahbouni M, Escames G, Venegas C, Sevilla B, Garcia JA, Lopez LC, et al. Melatonin treatment normalizes plasma pro-inflammatory cytokines and nitrosative/oxidative stress in patients suffering from Duchenne muscular dystrophy. Journal of Pineal Research. 2010;48:282-289. DOI |
58 | Pei Z, Fung PC, Cheung RT. Melatonin reduces nitric oxide level during ischemia but not blood-brain barrier breakdown during reperfusion in a rat middle cerebral artery occlusion stroke model. J Pineal Res. 2003;34:110-8. DOI |
59 | Koh PO. Melatonin regulates nitric oxide synthase expression in ischemic brain injury. J Vet Med Sci. 2008;70:747-50. DOI |
60 | Ganjali S, Blesso CN, Banach M, Pirro M, Majeed M, Sahebkar A. Effects of curcumin on HDL functionality. Pharmacol Res. 2017;119:208-218. DOI |
61 | Ayuso MI, Montaner J. Advanced neuroprotection for brain ischemia: an alternative approach to minimize stroke damage. Expert Opinion on Investigational Drugs. 2015;24:1137-1142. DOI |
62 | Milani D, Knuckey NW, Anderton RS, Cross JL, Meloni BP. The R18 Polyarginine Peptide Is More Effective Than the TAT-NR2B9c (NA-1) Peptide When Administered 60 Minutes after Permanent Middle Cerebral Artery Occlusion in the Rat. Stroke Research and Treatment. 2016;2016:1-9. |
63 | Cook DJ, Teves L, Tymianski M. A Translational Paradigm for the Preclinical Evaluation of the Stroke Neuroprotectant Tat-NR2B9c in Gyrencephalic Nonhuman Primates. Science Translational Medicine. 2012;4:154ra133-154ra133. |
64 | Hill MD, Martin RH, Mikulis D, Wong JH, Silver FL, ter-Brugge KG, et al. Safety and efficacy of NA-1 in patients with iatrogenic stroke after endovascular aneurysm repair (ENACT): A phase 2, randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. The Lancet Neurology. 2012;11:942-950. DOI |
65 | Marshall J, Wong KY, Rupasinghe CN, Tiwari R, Zhao X, Berberoglu ED, et al. Inhibition ofN-Methyl-d-aspartate-induced Retinal Neuronal Death by Polyarginine Peptides Is Linked to the Attenuation of Stress-induced Hyperpolarization of the Inner Mitochondrial Membrane Potential. Journal of Biological Chemistry. 2015;290:22030-22048. DOI |
66 | Meloni BP, Brookes LM, Clark VW, Cross JL, Edwards AB, Anderton RS, et al. Poly-Arginine and Arginine-Rich Peptides are Neuroprotective in Stroke Models. Journal of Cerebral Blood Flow & Metabolism. 2015;35:993-1004. DOI |
67 | Beni SM. Melatonin-induced neuroprotection after closed head injury is associated with increased brain antioxidants and attenuated late-phase activation of NF- B and AP-1. The FASEB Journal; 2003. |
68 | Akca T, Canbaz H, Tataroglu C, Caglikulekci M, Tamer L, Colak T, et al. The Effect of N-Acetylcysteine on Pulmonary Lipid Peroxidation and Tissue Damage. Journal of Surgical Research. 2005;129:38-45. DOI |
69 | Westermaier T, Stetter C, Vince GH, Pham M, Tejon JP, Eriskat J, et al. Prophylactic intravenous magnesium sulfate for treatment of aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage: a randomized, placebo-controlled, clinical study. Crit Care Med. 2010;38:1284-90. DOI |
70 | Wong GK, Poon WS, Chan MT, Boet R, Gin T, Ng SC, et al. Plasma magnesium concentrations and clinical outcomes in aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage patients: post hoc analysis of intravenous magnesium sulphate for aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage trial. Stroke. 2010;41:1841-4. DOI |
71 | Frishman WH, Saunders E. beta-Adrenergic blockers. J Clin Hypertens (Greenwich). 2011;13:649-53. DOI |
72 | Koch-Weser J, Frishman WH. beta-Adrenoceptor antagonists: new drugs and new indications. N Engl J Med. 1981;305:500-6. DOI |
73 | Savitz SI, Erhardt JA, Anthony JV, Gupta G, Li X, Barone FC, et al. The novel beta-blocker, carvedilol, provides neuroprotection in transient focal stroke. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab. 2000;20:1197-204. DOI |
74 | Schroeppel TJ, Fischer PE, Zarzaur BL, Magnotti LJ, Clement LP, Fabian TC, et al. Beta-adrenergic blockade and traumatic brain injury: protective? J Trauma. 2010;69:776-82. DOI |
75 | Salim A, Hadjizacharia P, Brown C, Inaba K, Teixeira PGR, Chan L, et al. Significance of Troponin Elevation After Severe Traumatic Brain Injury. The Journal of Trauma: Injury, Infection, and Critical Care. 2008;64:46-52. DOI |
76 | Zabihi NA, Pirro M, Johnston TP, Sahebkar A. Is there a role for curcumin supplementation in the treatment of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease? The data suggest yes. Curr Pharm Des; 2016. |
77 | Panahi Y, Khalili N, Hosseini MS, Abbasinazari M, Sahebkar A. Lipid-modifying effects of adjunctive therapy with curcuminoids-piperine combination in patients with metabolic syndrome: results of a randomized controlled trial. Complement Ther Med. 2014;22:851-7. DOI |
78 | Sahebkar A. Curcuminoids for the management of hypertriglyceridaemia. Nat Rev Cardiol. 2014;11:123. |
79 | Cicero AFG, Colletti A, Bajraktari G, Descamps O, Djuric DM, Ezhov M, et al. Lipid lowering nutraceuticals in clinical practice: Position paper from an International Lipid Expert Panel. Archives of Medical Science. 2017;13:965-1005. |
80 | Rahmani S, Asgary S, Askari G, Keshvari M, Hatamipour M, Feizi A, et al. Treatment of Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease with Curcumin: A Randomized Placebo-controlled Trial. Phytother Res. 2016;30:1540-8. DOI |
81 | Panahi Y, Kianpour P, Mohtashami R, Jafari R, Simental-Mendia LE, Sahebkar A. Efficacy and Safety of Phytosomal Curcumin in Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Drug Res (Stuttg); 2017. |
82 | Zhu HT, Bian C, Yuan JC, Chu WH, Xiang X, Chen F, et al. Curcumin attenuates acute inflammatory injury by inhibiting the TLR4/MyD88/NF-kappaB signaling pathway in experimental traumatic brain injury. J Neuroinflammation. 2014;11:59. DOI |
83 | Sun Y, Dai M, Wang Y, Wang W, Sun Q, Yang G-Y, et al. Neuroprotection and Sensorimotor Functional Improvement by Curcumin after Intracerebral Hemorrhage in Mice. Journal of Neurotrauma. 2011;28:2513-2521. DOI |
84 | Reiter RJ, Mayo JC, Tan D-X, Sainz RM, Alatorre-Jimenez M, Qin L. Melatonin as an antioxidant: under promises but over delivers. Journal of Pineal Research. 2016;61:253-278. DOI |
85 | Ozdemir D, Uysal N, Gonenc S, Acikgoz O, Sonmez A, Topcu A, et al. Effect of melatonin on brain oxidative damage induced by traumatic brain injury in immature rats. Physiol Res. 2005;54:631-7. |
86 | Ozdemir D, Tugyan K, Uysal N, Sonmez U, Sonmez A, Acikgoz O, et al. Protective effect of melatonin against head trauma-induced hippocampal damage and spatial memory deficits in immature rats. Neuroscience Letters. 2005;385:234-239. DOI |
87 | Fischer TW, Kleszczynski K, Hardkop LH, Kruse N, Zillikens D. Melatonin enhances antioxidative enzyme gene expression (CAT, GPx, SOD), prevents their UVR-induced depletion, and protects against the formation of DNA damage (8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine) in ex vivo human skin. Journal of Pineal Research. 2013;54:303-312. DOI |
88 | Chung E, Kong X, Goldberg MP, Stowe AM, Raman L. Erythropoietin-mediated neuroprotection in a pediatric mouse model of chronic hypoxia. Neurosci Lett. 2015;597:54-9. DOI |
89 | Jelkmann W. Physiology and Pharmacology of Erythropoietin. Transfusion Medicine and Hemotherapy. 2013;40:302-309. DOI |
90 | Jurado Garcia JM, Torres Sanchez E, Olmos Hidalgo D, Alba Conejo E. Erythropoietin pharmacology. Clin Transl Oncol. 2007;9:715-22. DOI |
91 | Grasso G, Buemi M, Alafaci C, Sfacteria A, Passalacqua M, Sturiale A, et al. Beneficial effects of systemic administration of recombinant human erythropoietin in rabbits subjected to subarachnoid hemorrhage. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2002;99:5627-31. DOI |
92 | Dabbagh OC, Aldawood AS, Arabi YM, Lone NA, Brits R, Pillay M. Magnesium supplementation and the potential association with mortality rates among critically ill non-cardiac patients. Saudi Med J. 2006;27:821-5. |
93 | Riordan WP, Cotton BA, Norris PR, Waitman LR, Jenkins JM, Morris JA. -Blocker Exposure in Patients With Severe Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI) and Cardiac Uncoupling. The Journal of Trauma: Injury, Infection, and Critical Care. 2007;63:503-511. DOI |
94 | Inaba K, Teixeira PGR, David J-S, Chan LS, Salim A, Brown C, et al. Beta-Blockers in Isolated Blunt Head Injury. Journal of the American College of Surgeons. 2008;206:432-438. DOI |
95 | Hadjizacharia P, O'Keeffe T, Brown CV, Inaba K, Salim A, Chan LS, et al. Incidence, risk factors, and outcomes for atrial arrhythmias in trauma patients. Am Surg. 2011;77:634-9. |
96 | Habgood MD, Bye N, Dziegielewska KM, Ek CJ, Lane MA, Potter A, et al. Changes in blood-brain barrier permeability to large and small molecules following traumatic brain injury in mice. Eur J Neurosci. 2007;25:231-8. DOI |
97 | Koch SM, Warters RD, Mehlhorn U. The simultaneous measurement of ionized and total calcium and ionized and total magnesium in intensive care unit patients. J Crit Care. 2002;17:203-5. DOI |
98 | Mirrahimi B, Mortazavi A, Nouri M, Ketabchi E, Amirjamshidi A, Ashouri A, et al. Effect of magnesium on functional outcome and paraclinical parameters of patients undergoing supratentorial craniotomy for brain tumors: a randomized controlled trial. Acta Neurochir (Wien). 2015;157:985-91;discussion 991. DOI |
99 | James ML, Blessing R, Phillips-Bute BG, Bennett E, Laskowitz DT. S100B and brain natriuretic peptide predict functional neurological outcome after intracerebral haemorrhage. Biomarkers. 2009;14:388-94. DOI |
100 | Taylor F, Huffman MD, Macedo AF, Moore THM, Burke M, Davey Smith G, et al. Statins for the primary prevention of cardiovascular disease; 2013. |
101 | Banach M, Serban C, Sahebkar A, Mikhailidis DP, Ursoniu S, Ray KK, et al. Impact of statin therapy on coronary plaque composition: a systematic review and meta-analysis of virtual histology intravascular ultrasound studies. BMC Med. 2015;13:229. DOI |
102 | Baigent C, Keech A, Kearney PM, Blackwell L, Buck G, Pollicino C, et al. Efficacy and safety of cholesterol-lowering treatment: Prospective meta-analysis of data from 90,056 participants in 14 randomised trials of statins. Lancet, 2005;366:1267-78. DOI |
103 | Cotton BA, Snodgrass KB, Fleming SB, Carpenter RO, Kemp CD, Arbogast PG, et al. Beta-Blocker Exposure is Associated With Improved Survival After Severe Traumatic Brain Injury. The Journal of Trauma: Injury, Infection, and Critical Care. 2007;62:26-35. DOI |
104 | Chakraborti AK, Garg SK, Kumar R, Motiwala HF, Jadhavar PS. Progress in COX-2 inhibitors: a journey so far. Curr Med Chem. 2010;17:1563-93. DOI |
105 | Manabe Y, Anrather J, Kawano T, Niwa K, Zhou P, Ross ME, et al. Prostanoids, not reactive oxygen species, mediate COX-2-dependent neurotoxicity. Annals of Neurology. 2004;55:668-675. DOI |
106 | Stark DT, Bazan NG. Synaptic and extrasynaptic NMDA receptors differentially modulate neuronal cyclooxygenase-2 function, lipid peroxidation, and neuroprotection. J Neurosci. 2011;31:13710-21. DOI |
107 | Capone ML, Tacconelli S, Sciulli MG, Patrignani P. Clinical pharmacology of selective COX-2 inhibitors. Int J Immunopathol Pharmacol. 2003;16:49-58. DOI |
108 | Alderson P, Roberts I. Corticosteroids in acute traumatic brain injury: systematic review of randomised controlled trials. BMJ. 1997;314:1855-9. DOI |
109 | Yang Z, Zhao T, Zou Y, Zhang JH, Feng H. Curcumin inhibits microglia inflammation and confers neuroprotection in intracerebral hemorrhage. Immunology Letters. 2014;160:89-95. DOI |
110 | Arai K, Wu J, Li Q, Wang X, Yu S, Li L, et al. Neuroprotection by Curcumin in Ischemic Brain Injury Involves the Akt/Nrf2 Pathway. PLoS ONE. 2013;8:e59843. DOI |
111 | Sandercock PAG, Soane T, Sandercock PAG. Corticosteroids for acute ischaemic stroke; 2011. |
112 | Roberts I, Sydenham E, Roberts I. Barbiturates for acute traumatic brain injury; 2012. |
113 | Bell JD. In Vogue: Ketamine for Neuroprotection in Acute Neurologic Injury. Anesthesia & Analgesia. 2017;1. |
114 | Adibhatla RM, Hatcher JF. Citicoline mechanisms and clinical efficacy in cerebral ischemia. J Neurosci Res. 2002;70:133-9. DOI |
115 | Hurtado O, Hernandez-Jimenez M, Zarruk JG, Cuartero MI, Ballesteros I, Camarero G, et al. Citicoline (CDP-choline) increases Sirtuin1 expression concomitant to neuroprotection in experimental stroke. J Neurochem. 2013;126:819-26. DOI |
116 | Subiros N, Perez-Saad H, Aldana L, Gibson CL, Borgnakke WS, Garcia-del-Barco D. Neuroprotective effect of epidermal growth factor plus growth hormone-releasing peptide-6 resembles hypothermia in experimental stroke. Neurological Research. 2016;38:950-958. DOI |
117 | Brines ML, Ghezzi P, Keenan S, Agnello D, de Lanerolle NC, Cerami C, et al. Erythropoietin crosses the bloodbrain barrier to protect against experimental brain injury. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 2000;97:10526-10531. DOI |
118 | Chen G, Zhang S, Shi J, Ai J, Hang C. Effects of recombinant human erythropoietin (rhEPO) on JAK2/STAT3 pathway and endothelial apoptosis in the rabbit basilar artery after subarachnoid hemorrhage. Cytokine. 2009;45:162-168. DOI |
119 | Sanchez PE, Fares RP, Risso JJ, Bonnet C, Bouvard S, Le-Cavorsin M, et al. Optimal neuroprotection by erythropoietin requires elevated expression of its receptor in neurons. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2009;106:9848-53. DOI |
120 | Taoufik E, Petit E, Divoux D, Tseveleki V, Mengozzi M, Roberts ML, et al. TNF receptor I sensitizes neurons to erythropoietin- and VEGF-mediated neuroprotection after ischemic and excitotoxic injury. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 2008;105:6185-6190. DOI |
121 | Brines M, Cerami A. Emerging biological roles for erythropoietin in the nervous system. Nat Rev Neurosci. 2005;6:484-94. DOI |
122 | Sepulveda P, Encabo A, Carbonell-Uberos F, Minana MD. BCL-2 expression is mainly regulated by JAK/STAT3 pathway in human CD34+ hematopoietic cells. Cell Death and Differentiation. 2006;14:378-380. |
123 | Ding J, Wang J, Li QY, Yu JZ, Ma CG, Wang X, et al. Neuroprotection and CD131/GDNF/AKT Pathway of Carbamylated Erythropoietin in Hypoxic Neurons. Mol Neurobiol; 2016. |
124 | Chen J, Chen J, Yang Z, Zhang X. Carbamylated Erythropoietin: A Prospective Drug Candidate for Neuroprotection. Biochemistry Insights. 2016;25. |
125 | Vinukonda G, Csiszar A, Hu F, Dummula K, Pandey NK, Zia MT, et al. Neuroprotection in a rabbit model of intraventricular haemorrhage by cyclooxygenase-2, prostanoid receptor-1 or tumour necrosis factor-alpha inhibition. Brain. 2010;133:2264-2280. DOI |
126 | Bertolini A, Ottani A, Sandrini M. Selective COX-2 inhibitors and dual acting anti-inflammatory drugs: critical remarks. Curr Med Chem. 2002;9:1033-43. DOI |
127 | Singh DP, Chopra K. Flavocoxid, dual inhibitor of cyclooxygenase-2 and 5-lipoxygenase, exhibits neuroprotection in rat model of ischaemic stroke. Pharmacol Biochem Behav. 2014;120:33-42. DOI |
128 | Ahmad M, Zhang Y, Liu H, Rose ME, Graham SH. Prolonged opportunity for neuroprotection in experimental stroke with selective blockade of cyclooxygenase-2 activity. Brain Research. 2009;1279:168-173. DOI |
129 | Alzheimer C, Werner S. Fibroblast growth factors and neuroprotection. Adv Exp Med Biol. 2002;513:335-51. |
130 | Sofroniew MV, Howe CL, Mobley WC. Nerve Growth Factor Signaling, Neuroprotection, and Neural Repair. Annual Review of Neuroscience. 2001;24:1217-1281. DOI |
131 | Jain KK. The handbook of neuroprotection. Humana: New York; 2011. |
132 | Porter D, Johnston AM, Henning J. Medical Conditions Requiring Intensive Care. Journal of the Royal Army Medical Corps. 2009;155:141-146. DOI |
133 | Peisker T, Koznar B, Stetkarova I, Widimsky P. Acute stroke therapy: A review. Trends in Cardiovascular Medicine. 2017;27:59-66. DOI |
134 | Tahir R, Pabaney A. Therapeutic hypothermia and ischemic stroke: A literature review. Surgical Neurology International. 2016;7:381. DOI |
135 | Gonzalez-Ibarra FP, Varon J, Lopez-Meza EG. Therapeutic hypothermia: critical review of the molecular mechanisms of action. Frontiers in Neurology. 2011;2:4. |
136 | Great Britain. Department of Health. Comprehensive critical care: a review of adult critical care services. Department of Health: London 2000. |
137 | Clausen F, Marklund N, Lewen A, Hillered L. The nitrone free radical scavenger NXY-059 is neuroprotective when administered after traumatic brain injury in the rat. J Neurotrauma. 2008;25:1449-57. DOI |
138 | Bianconi V, Sahebkar A, Banach M, Pirro M. Statins, haemostatic factors and thrombotic risk. Curr Opin Cardiol; 2017. |
139 | Chrusciel P, Sahebkar A, Rembek-Wieliczko M, Serban MC, Ursoniu S, Mikhailidis DP, et al. Impact of statin therapy on plasma adiponectin concentrations: A systematic review and meta-analysis of 43 randomized controlled trial arms. Atherosclerosis. 2016;253:194-208. DOI |
140 | Derosa G, Maffioli P, Reiner Z, Simental-Mendia LE, Sahebkar A. Impact of Statin Therapy on Plasma Uric Acid Concentrations: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Drugs. 2016;76:947-56. DOI |
141 | Parrillo JE, Dellinger RP. Critical care medicine: principles of diagnosis and management in the adult. Elsevier Mosby: St. Louis, Mo.; London 2008. |
142 | Chong J, Dumont T, Francis-Frank L, Balaan M. Sepsis and Septic Shock. Critical Care Nursing Quarterly. 2015;38:111-120. DOI |
143 | Kavalipati N, Shah J, Ramakrishan A, Vasnawala H. Pleiotropic effects of statins. Indian J Endocrinol Metab. 2015;19:554-62. DOI |
144 | Kwon TH, Chao DL, Malloy K, Sun D, Alessandri B, Bullock MR. Tempol, a novel stable nitroxide, reduces brain damage and free radical production, after acute subdural hematoma in the rat. J Neurotrauma. 2003;20:337-45. DOI |
145 | Sahebkar A, Rathouska J, Derosa G, Maffioli P, Nachtigal P. Statin impact on disease activity and C-reactive protein concentrations in systemic lupus erythematosus patients: A systematic review and meta-analysis of controlled trials. Autoimmun Rev. 2016;15:344-53. DOI |
146 | Sahebkar A, Serban C, Ursoniu S, Mikhailidis DP, Undas A, Lip GY, et al. The impact of statin therapy on plasma levels of von Willebrand factor antigen. Systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised placebo-controlled trials. Thromb Haemost. 2016;115:520-32. DOI |
147 | Sahebkar A, Rathouska J, Simental-Mendia LE, Nachtigal P. Statin therapy and plasma cortisol concentrations: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized placebo-controlled trials. Pharmacol Res. 2016;103:17-25. DOI |
148 | Ferretti G, Bacchetti T, Sahebkar A. Effect of statin therapy on paraoxonase-1 status: A systematic review and meta-analysis of 25 clinical trials. Prog Lipid Res. 2015;60:50-73. DOI |
149 | Sahebkar A. Curcumin: A Natural Multitarget Treatment for Pancreatic Cancer. Integrative Cancer Therapies. 2016;15:333-334. DOI |
150 | Huang S, Beevers CS. Pharmacological and clinical properties of curcumin. Botanics: Targets and Therapy. 2011;5. |
151 | Mullaicharam AR, Maheswaran A. Pharmacological effects of curcumin. International journal of Nutrition, Pharmacology, Neurological Diseases. 2012;2:92. DOI |
152 | Ghandadi M, Sahebkar A. Curcumin: An effective inhibitor of interleukin-6. Curr Pharm Des; 2016. |
153 | Aydin MV, Caner H, Sen O, Ozen O, Atalay B, Cekinmez M, et al. Effect of melatonin on cerebral vasospasm following experimental subarachnoid hemorrhage. Neurological Research. 2013;27:77-82. |
154 | Plane JM, Shen Y, Pleasure DE, Deng W. Prospects for Minocycline Neuroprotection. Archives of Neurology. 2010;67. |
155 | Amiri-Nikpour MR, Nazarbaghi S, Hamdi-Holasou M, Rezaei Y. An open-label evaluator-blinded clinical study of minocycline neuroprotection in ischemic stroke: gender-dependent effect. Acta Neurologica Scandinavica. 2015;131:45-50. DOI |
156 | Wakai A, McCabe A, Roberts I, Schierhout G, Wakai A. Mannitol for acute traumatic brain injury; 2013. |
157 | Ayer RE, Sugawara T, Chen W, Tong W, Zhang JH. Melatonin decreases mortality following severe subarachnoid hemorrhage. Journal of Pineal Research. 2008;44:197-204. DOI |
158 | Zausinger S, Westermaier T, Plesnila N, Steiger HJ, Schmid-Elsaesser R. Neuroprotection in Transient Focal Cerebral Ischemia by Combination Drug Therapy and Mild Hypothermia: Comparison With Customary Therapeutic Regimen. Stroke. 2003;34:1526-1532. DOI |
159 | Rak R, Chao DL, Pluta RM, Mitchell JB, Oldfield EH, Watson JC. Neuroprotection by the stable nitroxide Tempol during reperfusion in a rat model of transient focal ischemia. J Neurosurg. 2000;92:646-51. DOI |
160 | Kato N, Yanaka K, Hyodo K, Homma K, Nagase S, Nose T. Stable nitroxide Tempol ameliorates brain injury by inhibiting lipid peroxidation in a rat model of transient focal cerebral ischemia. Brain Res. 2003;979:188-93. DOI |
161 | Lees KR, Zivin JA, Ashwood T, Davalos A, Davis SM, Diener H-C, et al. NXY-059 for Acute Ischemic Stroke. New England Journal of Medicine. 2006;354:588-600. DOI |
162 | Shuaib A, Lees KR, Lyden P, Grotta J, Davalos A, Davis SM, et al. NXY-059 for the Treatment of Acute Ischemic Stroke. New England Journal of Medicine. 2007;357:562-571. DOI |
163 | Lorenz P, Roychowdhury S, Engelmann M, Wolf G, Horn TF. Oxyresveratrol and resveratrol are potent antioxidants and free radical scavengers: effect on nitrosative and oxidative stress derived from microglial cells. Nitric Oxide. 2003;9:64-76. DOI |
164 | Maples KR, Ma F, Zhang YK. Comparison of the radical trapping ability of PBN, S-PPBN and NXY-059. Free Radic Res. 2001;34:417-26. DOI |
165 | Strid S, Borga O, Edenius C, Jostell KG, Odergren T, Weil A. Pharmacokinetics in renally impaired subjects of NXY-059, a nitrone-based, free-radical trapping agent developed for the treatment of acute stroke. Eur J Clin Pharmacol. 2002;58:409-15. DOI |
166 | Panahi Y, Sahebkar A, Parvin S, Saadat A. A randomized controlled trial on the anti-inflammatory effects of curcumin in patients with chronic sulphur mustard-induced cutaneous complications. Ann Clin Biochem. 2012;49:580-8. DOI |
167 | Panahi Y, Hosseini MS, Khalili N, Naimi E, Simental-Mendia LE, Majeed M, et al. Effects of curcumin on serum cytokine concentrations in subjects with metabolic syndrome: A post-hoc analysis of a randomized controlled trial. Biomed Pharmacother. 2016;82:578-82. DOI |
168 | Panahi Y, Hosseini MS, Khalili N, Naimi E, Majeed M, Sahebkar A. Antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects of curcuminoid-piperine combination in subjects with metabolic syndrome: A randomized controlled trial and an updated meta-analysis. Clin Nutr. 2015;34:1101-8. DOI |
169 | Sahebkar A. Are curcuminoids effective C-reactive protein-lowering agents in clinical practice? Evidence from a meta-analysis. Phytother Res. 2014;28:633-42. DOI |
170 | Panahi Y, Khalili N, Sahebi E, Namazi S, Karimian MS, Majeed M, et al. Antioxidant effects of curcuminoids in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: a randomized controlled trial. Inflammopharmacology. 2017;25:25-31. DOI |
171 | Vincent JL, Rello J, Marshall J, Silva E, Anzueto A, Martin CD, et al. International study of the prevalence and outcomes of infection in intensive care units. Journal of the American Medical Association. 2009;302:2323-9. DOI |
172 | Gora-Kupilas K, Josko J. The neuroprotective function of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). Folia Neuropathol. 2005;43:31-9. |
173 | Dellinger RP, Levy MM, Rhodes A, Annane D, Gerlach H, Opal SM, et al. Surviving Sepsis Campaign Guidelines Committee including The Pediatric S. Surviving Sepsis Campaign: international guidelines for management of severe sepsis and septic shock, 2012. Intensive Care Medicine. 2013;39:165-228. DOI |
174 | Angus DC, van der Poll T. Severe Sepsis and Septic Shock. New England Journal of Medicine. 2013;369:840-851. DOI |
175 | Mock C, Lormand JD, Goosen J, Joshipura M, Peden M. Guidelines for essential trauma care. Geneva : World Health Organization; 2004. |
176 | Shen Q, Hiebert JB, Hartwell J, Thimmesch AR, Pierce JD. Systematic Review of Traumatic Brain Injury and the Impact of Antioxidant Therapy on Clinical Outcomes. Worldviews on Evidence-Based Nursing. 2016;13:380-389. DOI |
177 | Gruenbaum SE, Zlotnik A, Gruenbaum BF, Hersey D, Bilotta F. Pharmacologic Neuroprotection for Functional Outcomes After Traumatic Brain Injury: A Systematic Review of the Clinical Literature. CNS Drugs. 2016;30:791-806. DOI |
178 | Sahebkar A, Ponziani MC, Goitre I, Bo S. Does statin therapy reduce plasma VEGF levels in humans? A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Metabolism. 2015;64:1466-76. DOI |
179 | Sahebkar A, Kotani K, Serban C, Ursoniu S, Mikhailidis DP, Jones SR, et al. Statin therapy reduces plasma endothelin-1 concentrations: A meta-analysis of 15 randomized controlled trials. Atherosclerosis. 2015;241:433-42. DOI |
180 | Serban C, Sahebkar A, Ursoniu S, Mikhailidis DP, Rizzo M, Lip GY, et al. A systematic review and meta-analysis of the effect of statins on plasma asymmetric dimethylarginine concentrations. Sci Rep. 2015;5:9902. DOI |
181 | Park E, Bell JD, Baker AJ. Traumatic brain injury: Can the consequences be stopped? Canadian Medical Association Journal. 2008;178:1163-1170. DOI |
182 | Tromp G, Weinsheimer S, Ronkainen A, Kuivaniemi H. Molecular basis and genetic predisposition to intracranial aneurysm. Annals of Medicine. 2014;46:597-606. DOI |
183 | Wills S, Ronkainen A, van der Voet M, Kuivaniemi H, Helin K, Leinonen E, et al. Familial intracranial aneurysms: an analysis of 346 multiplex Finnish families. Stroke. 2003;34:1370-4. DOI |
184 | Simental-Mendia LE, Sahebkar A, Rodriguez-Moran M, Guerrero-Romero F. A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials on the effects of magnesium supplementation on insulin sensitivity and glucose control. Pharmacological Research. 2016;111:272-82. DOI |
185 | Fugere M, Appel J, Houghten RA, Lindberg I, Day R. Short Polybasic Peptide Sequences Are Potent Inhibitors of PC5/6 and PC7: Use of Positional Scanning-Synthetic Peptide Combinatorial Libraries as a Tool for the Optimization of Inhibitory Sequences. Molecular Pharmacology. 2006;71:323-332. DOI |
186 | Akhtar MI, Ullah H, Hamid M. Magnesium, a drug of diverse use. Journal of Pakistan Medical Association. 2011;61:1220-5. |
187 | Zhang X, Li Y, Del Gobbo LC, Rosanoff A, Wang J, Zhang W, Song Y. Effects of Magnesium Supplementation on Blood Pressure: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Double-Blind Placebo-Controlled Trials. Hypertension. 2016;68:324-33. DOI |
188 | Sharma P, Chung C, Vizcaychipi M. Magnesium: The Neglected Electrolyte? A Clinical Review. Pharmacology & Pharmacy. 2014;05:762-772. DOI |
189 | McIntosh TK, Juhler M, Wieloch T. Novel pharmacologic strategies in the treatment of experimental traumatic brain injury: 1998. Journal of Neurotrauma. 1998;15:731-69. DOI |
190 | Memon ZI, Altura BT, Benjamin JL, Cracco RQ, Altura BM. Predictive value of serum ionized but not total magnesium levels in head injuries. Scandinavian Journal of Clinical and Laboratory Investigation. 1995;55:671-7. DOI |
191 | Afshari D, Moradian N, Rezaei M. Evaluation of the intravenous magnesium sulfate effect in clinical improvement of patients with acute ischemic stroke. Clinical Neurology and Neurosurgery. 2013;115:400-4. DOI |
192 | Asahi M, Huang Z, Thomas S, Yoshimura S, Sumii T, Mori T, et al. Protective effects of statins involving both eNOS and tPA in focal cerebral ischemia. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab. 2005;25:722-9. DOI |
193 | Sahebkar A, Serban C, Mikhailidis DP, Undas A, Lip GYH, Muntner P, et al. Association between statin use and plasma d-dimer levels: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials. Thrombosis and Haemostasis. 2015;114:546-557. DOI |
194 | Sirtori CR. The pharmacology of statins. Pharmacol Res. 2014;88:3-11. DOI |
195 | Kureishi Y, Luo Z, Shiojima I, Bialik A, Fulton D, Lefer DJ, et al. The HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor simvastatin activates the protein kinase Akt and promotes angiogenesis in normocholesterolemic animals. Nat Med. 2000;6:1004-10. DOI |
196 | Jain MK, Ridker PM. Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Statins: Clinical Evidence and Basic Mechanisms. Nature Reviews Drug Discovery. 2005;4:977-987. DOI |
197 | Moon GJ, Kim SJ, Cho YH, Ryoo S, Bang OY. Antioxidant effects of statins in patients with atherosclerotic cerebrovascular disease. J Clin Neurol. 2014;10:140-7. DOI |
198 | Panahi Y, Alishiri GH, Parvin S, Sahebkar A. Mitigation of Systemic Oxidative Stress by Curcuminoids in Osteoarthritis: Results of a Randomized Controlled Trial. J Diet Suppl. 2016;13:209-20. DOI |
199 | Panahi Y, Ghanei M, Hajhashemi A, Sahebkar A. Effects of Curcuminoids-Piperine Combination on Systemic Oxidative Stress, Clinical Symptoms and Quality of Life in Subjects with Chronic Pulmonary Complications Due to Sulfur Mustard: A Randomized Controlled Trial. J Diet Suppl. 2016;13:93-105. DOI |
200 | Uchino H, Minamikawa-Tachino R, Kristian T, Perkins G, Narazaki M, Siesjo BK, et al. Differential neuroprotection by cyclosporin A and FK506 following ischemia corresponds with differing abilities to inhibit calcineurin and the mitochondrial permeability transition. Neurobiol Dis. 2002;10:219-33. DOI |
201 | Arii T, Kamiya T, Arii K, Ueda M, Nito C, Katsura K-I, et al. Neuroprotective effect of immunosuppressant FK506 in transient focal ischemia in rats: Therapeutic time window for FK506 in transient focal ischemia. Neurological Research. 2013;23:755-760. |
202 | Saganova K, Galik J, Blasko J, Korimova A, Racekova E, Vanicky I. Immunosuppressant FK506: Focusing on neuroprotective effects following brain and spinal cord injury. Life Sciences. 2012;91:77-82. DOI |
203 | Sharifi Z-N, Abolhassani F, Zarrindast MR, Movassaghi S, Rahimian N, Hassanzadeh G. Effects of FK506 on Hippocampal CA1 Cells Following Transient Global Ischemia/Reperfusion in Wistar Rat. Stroke Research and Treatment. 2012;2012:1-8. |
204 | Zawadzka M, Kaminska B. A novel mechanism of FK506-mediated neuroprotection: Downregulation of cytokine expression in glial cells. Glia. 2005;49:36-51. DOI |
205 | Pillans P. Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology: Immunosuppressants - mechanisms of action and monitoring. Australian Prescriber. 2006;29:99-101. DOI |
206 | Halloran PF. Immunosuppressive drugs for kidney transplantation. N Engl J Med. 2004;351:2715-29. DOI |
207 | Szydlowska K, Gozdz A, Dabrowski M, Zawadzka M, Kaminska B. Prolonged activation of ERK triggers glutamate-induced apoptosis of astrocytes: neuroprotective effect of FK506. Journal of Neurochemistry. 2010;113:904-918. DOI |
208 | Abdollahi E, Momtazi AA, Johnston TP, Sahebkar A. Therapeutic Effects of Curcumin in Inflammatory and Immune-Mediated Diseases: A Nature-Made Jack-of-All-Trades? J Cell Physiol; 2017. |
209 | Sahebkar A, Mohammadi A, Atabati A, Rahiman S, Tavallaie S, Iranshahi M, et al. Curcuminoids modulate pro-oxidant-antioxidant balance but not the immune response to heat shock protein 27 and oxidized LDL in obese individuals. Phytother Res. 2013;27:1883-8. DOI |
210 | Panahi Y, Sahebkar A, Amiri M, Davoudi SM, Beiraghdar F, Hoseininejad SL, et al. Improvement of sulphur mustard-induced chronic pruritus, quality of life and antioxidant status by curcumin: results of a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Br J Nutr. 2012;108:1272-9. DOI |
211 | Karimian MS, Pirro M, Majeed M, Sahebkar A. Curcumin as a natural regulator of monocyte chemoattractant protein-1. Cytokine Growth Factor Rev; 2016. |
212 | Derosa G, Maffioli P, Simental-Mendia LE, Bo S, Sahebkar A. Effect of curcumin on circulating interleukin-6 concentrations: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Pharmacol Res. 2016;111:394-404. DOI |
213 | Sahebkar A, Cicero AF, Simental-Mendia LE, Aggarwal BB, Gupta SC. Curcumin downregulates human tumor necrosis factor-alpha levels: A systematic review and meta-analysis ofrandomized controlled trials. Pharmacol Res. 2016;107:234-42. DOI |
214 | Graham SH, Chen J. Programmed Cell Death in Cerebral Ischemia. Journal of Cerebral Blood Flow & Metabolism. 2001;99-109. |
215 | Guo Y, Li P, Guo Q, Shang K, Yan D, Du S, et al. Pathophysiology and Biomarkers in Acute Ischemic Stroke - A Review. Tropical Journal of Pharmaceutical Research. 2014;12:1097. DOI |
216 | Liou AKF, Clark RS, Henshall DC, Yin XM, Chen J. To die or not to die for neurons in ischemia, traumatic brain injury and epilepsy: a review on the stress-activated signaling pathways and apoptotic pathways. Progress in Neurobiology. 2003;69:103-142. DOI |
217 | Elmore S. Apoptosis: A Review of Programmed Cell Death. Toxicologic Pathology. 2007;35:495-516. DOI |
218 | Dong XX, Wang Y, Qin ZH. Molecular mechanisms of excitotoxicity and their relevance to pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases. Acta Pharmacologica Sinica. 2009;30:379-387. DOI |
219 | Parizadeh SMR, Azarpazhooh MR, Moohebati M, Nematy M, Ghayour-Mobarhan M, Tavallaie S, et al. Simvastatin therapy reduces prooxidant-antioxidant balance: Results of a placebo-controlled cross-over trial. Lipids. 2011;46:333-340. DOI |
220 | Muramoto M, Yamazaki T, Nishimura S, Kita Y. Detailed in vitro pharmacological analysis of FK506-induced neuroprotection. Neuropharmacology. 2003;45:394-403. DOI |
221 | Brown GC, Bal-Price A. Inflammatory neurodegeneration mediated by nitric oxide, glutamate, and mitochondria. Molecular Neurobiology. 2003;27:325-55. DOI |
222 | Sims NR, Zaidan E. Biochemical changes associated with selective neuronal death following short-term cerebral ischaemia. International Journal of Biochemistry & Cell Biology. 1995;27:531-50. DOI |
223 | Ndountse LT, Chan HM. Role of N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors in polychlorinated biphenyl mediated neurotoxicity. Toxicology Letters. 2009;184:50-5. DOI |
224 | Wong PC, Cai H, Borchelt DR, Price DL. Genetically engineered mouse models of neurodegenerative diseases. Nature Neuroscience. 2002;5:633-9. DOI |
225 | Parathath SR, Parathath S, Tsirka SE. Nitric oxide mediates neurodegeneration and breakdown of the bloodbrain barrier in tPA-dependent excitotoxic injury in mice. Journal of Cell Science. 2006;119:339-49. DOI |