Browse > Article
http://dx.doi.org/10.3961/jpmph.2010.43.2.151

Cigarette Smoking and Mortality in the Korean Multi-center Cancer Cohort (KMCC) Study  

Lee, Eun-Ha (Department of Preventive Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine)
Park, Sue-K. (Department of Preventive Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine)
Ko, Kwang-Pil (Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention)
Cho, In-Seong (Department of Preventive Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine)
Chang, Soung-Hoon (Department of Preventive Medicine, Konkuk University)
Shin, Hai-Rim (National Cancer Control Research Institute, National Cancer Center)
Kang, Dae-Hee (Department of Preventive Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine)
Yoo, Keun-Young (Department of Preventive Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine)
Publication Information
Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health / v.43, no.2, 2010 , pp. 151-158 More about this Journal
Abstract
Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate the association between cigarette smoking and total mortality, cancer mortality and other disease mortalities in Korean adults. Methods: A total of 14 161 subjects of the Korean Multi-center Cancer Cohort who were over 40 years of age and who were cancer-free at baseline enrollment reported their lifestyle factors, including the smoking status. The median follow-up time was 6.6 years. During the follow-up period from 1993 to 2005, we identified 1159 cases of mortality, including 260 cancer mortality cases with a total of 91 987 person-years, by the national death certificate. Cox proportional hazard regression model was used to estimate the hazard ratio (HR) of cigarette smoking for total mortality, cancer mortality and disease-specific mortality, as adjusted for age, gender, the geographic area and year of enrollment, the alcohol consumption status, the education level and the body mass index (BMI). Results: Cigarette smoking was significantly associated with an increased risk of total mortality, all-cancer mortality and lung cancer mortality (p-trend, < 0.01, <0.01, <0.01, respectively). Compared to non-smoking, current smokers were at a higher risk for mortality [HR (95% CI)=1.3 (1.1 - 1.5) for total mortality; HR (95% CI)=1.6 (1.1 -2.2) for all-cancer mortality; HR (95% CI)=3.9 (1.9-7.7) for lung cancer mortality]. Conclusions: This study's results suggest that cigarette smoking might be associated with total mortality, all-cancer mortality and especially lung cancer mortality among Korean adults.
Keywords
Cigarette smoking; Cohort studies; Mortality;
Citations & Related Records
Times Cited By KSCI : 1  (Citation Analysis)
Times Cited By SCOPUS : 2
연도 인용수 순위
1 Jacobs DR Jr, Adachi H, Mulder I, Kromhout D, Menotti A, Nissinen A, et al. Cigarette smoking and mortality risk: Twenty-five-year follow-up of the Seven Countries Study. Arch Intern Med 1999; 159(7): 733-740.   DOI   ScienceOn
2 Kuller LH, Ockene JK, Meilahn E, Wentworth DN, Svendsen KH, Neaton JD. Cigarette smoking and mortality. MRFIT Research Group. Prev Med 1991; 20(5): 638-654.   DOI   ScienceOn
3 Lam TH, He Y, Li LS, LI LS, He SF, Liang BQ. Mortality attributable to cigarette smoking in China. JAMA 1997; 278(18): 1505-1508.   DOI   ScienceOn
4 Jajich CL, Ostfeld AM, Freeman DH Jr. Smoking and coronary heart disease mortality in the elderly. JAMA 1984; 252(20): 2831-2834.   DOI   ScienceOn
5 Yuan JM, Ross RK, Wang XL, Gao YT, Henderson BE, Yu MC. Morbidity and mortality in relation to cigarette smoking in Shanghai, China. A prospective male cohort study. JAMA 1996; 275(21): 1646-1650.   DOI   ScienceOn
6 Tsevat J, Weinstein MC, Williams LW, Tosteson AN, Goldman L. Expected gains in life expectancy from various coronary heart disease risk factor modifications. Circulation 1991; 83(4): 1194-1201.   DOI   ScienceOn
7 Doll R, Peto R, Boreham J, Sutherland I. Mortality in relation to smoking: 50 years' observations on male British doctors BMJ 2004; 328(7455): 1519.   DOI   ScienceOn
8 Shapiro JA, Jacobs EJ, Thun MJ. Cigar smoking in men and risk of death from tobacco-related cancers. J Natl Cancer Inst 2000; 92(4): 333-337.   DOI   ScienceOn
9 Huxley R, Jamrozik K, Lam TH, Barzi F, Ansary- Moghaddam A, Jiang CQ, et al. Impact of smoking and smoking cessation on lung cancer mortality in the Asia- Pacific region. Am J Epidemiol 2007; 165(11): 1280-1286.   DOI   ScienceOn
10 Akiba S, Hirayama T. Cigarette smoking and cancer mortality risk in Japanese men and women--results from reanalysis of the six-prefecture cohort study data. Environ Health Perspect 1990; 87: 19-26.
11 Godtfredsen NS, Lam TH, Hansel TT, Leon ME, Gray N, Dresler C, et al. COPD related morbidity and mortality after smoking cessation: Status of the evidence. Eur Respir J 2008; 32(4): 844-853.   DOI   ScienceOn
12 Haheim LL, Holme I, Hjermann I, Leren P. Risk factors of stroke incidence and mortality. A 12-year follow-up of the Oslo Study. Stroke 1993; 24(10): 1484-1489.   DOI   ScienceOn
13 Kahn HA. The Dorn study of smoking and mortality among U.S. veterans: Report on eight and one-half years of observation. Natl Cancer Inst Monogr 1966; 19: 1-125.
14 Jee SH, Lee JK, Kim IS. Smoking-attributable mortality among Korean adults: 1981-2003. Korean J Epidemiol 2006; 28(1): 92-99. (Korean)
15 Lee HH. National tobacco control programmes. Health Well Policy Forum 2007; 129: 6-21. (Korean)
16 Doll R, Peto R, Boreham J, Sutherland I. Mortality from cancer in relation to smoking: 50 years observations on British doctors. Br J Cancer 2005; 92(3): 426-429.   DOI
17 Jee SH, Samet JM, Ohrr H, Kim JH, Kim IS. Smoking and cancer risk in Korean men and women. Cancer Causes Control 2004; 15(4): 341-348.   DOI
18 Yoo KY, Shin HR, Chang SH, Lee KS, Park SK, Kang D, et al. Korean Multi-center Cancer Cohort Study including a Biological Materials Bank (KMCC-I). Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2002; 3(1): 85-92.
19 Liaw KM, Chen CJ. Mortality attributable to cigarette smoking in Taiwan: A 12-year follow-up study. Tob Control 1998; 7(2): 141-148.   DOI   ScienceOn
20 Ezzati M, Lopez AD. Estimates of global mortality attributable to smoking in 2000. Lancet 2003; 362(9387): 847-852.
21 Yoo SL, Kim KH, Kim KK, Kim JH. Trends of smoking attributable mortality in Korea. Korean Assoc Health Med Soc 2005; 17: 133-148. (Korean)
22 Lee H, Yoon SJ, Ahn HS. Measuring the burden of major cancers due to smoking in Korea. Cancer Sci 2006; 97(6): 530-534.   DOI   ScienceOn
23 Yoon SJ Ha BM, Kang JW, Chang HC. Estimation of attributable burden due to premature death from smoking in Korea. Korean J Prev Med 2001; 34(3): 191-199. (Korean)