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http://dx.doi.org/10.3904/kjm.2014.87.4.496

Azacitidine-Induced Lung Injury in a Patient with Myelodysplastic Syndrome  

Kim, Ho Cheol (Department of Internal Medicine, University of Ulsan College of Medicine)
Kim, Sang Hyung (Department of Internal Medicine, University of Ulsan College of Medicine)
Ahn, Jee Hwan (Department of Internal Medicine, University of Ulsan College of Medicine)
Kwon, Hye Mi (Department of Internal Medicine, University of Ulsan College of Medicine)
Choi, Jong Han (Department of Internal Medicine, University of Ulsan College of Medicine)
Kim, Tae Hyung (Department of Internal Medicine, University of Ulsan College of Medicine)
Lee, Je-Hwan (Department of Internal Medicine, University of Ulsan College of Medicine)
Publication Information
The Korean Journal of Medicine / v.87, no.4, 2014 , pp. 496-500 More about this Journal
Abstract
In randomized phase 3 clinical trials azacitidine has been shown to prolong survival in patients with higher-risk myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS). Therefore, azacitidine therapy should be considered for treating MDS patients with higher-risk disease. A 78-year-old male was administered the first cycle of azacitidine treatment for higher-risk MDS. On day three of chemotherapy he complained of fever and dyspnea, and radiographic findings revealed bilateral perihilar-peribronchial infiltration and a small amount of pleural effusion. Considering the possibility of pneumonia, intravenous broad-spectrum antibiotics were administered and azacitidine therapy was discontinued. Upon improvement of the patient's subjective symptoms and radiographic abnormalities, azacitidine therapy was resumed. However, fever and dyspnea developed again upon recommencement of azacitidine therapy. A diagnosis was made of azacitidine-induced lung injury and corticosteroid treatment was administered. Although lung injury is a rare complication induced by azacitidine, physicians should be aware of this life-threatening side effect.
Keywords
Myelodysplastic syndrome; Azacitidine; Lung Injury;
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