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http://dx.doi.org/10.5573/ieie.2015.52.6.079

Forensic Decision of Median Filtering by Pixel Value's Gradients of Digital Image  

RHEE, Kang Hyeon (Chosun University, Dept. of Electronics Eng./School of Design and Creative Eng.)
Publication Information
Journal of the Institute of Electronics and Information Engineers / v.52, no.6, 2015 , pp. 79-84 More about this Journal
Abstract
In a distribution of digital image, there is a serious problem that is a distribution of the altered image by a forger. For the problem solution, this paper proposes a median filtering (MF) image forensic decision algorithm using a feature vector according to the pixel value's gradients. In the proposed algorithm, AR (Autoregressive) coefficients are computed from pixel value' gradients of original image then 1th~6th order coefficients to be six feature vector. And the reconstructed image is produced by the solution of Poisson's equation with the gradients. From the difference image between original and its reconstructed image, four feature vector (Average value, Max. value and the coordinate i,j of Max. value) is extracted. Subsequently, Two kinds of the feature vector combined to 10 Dim. feature vector that is used in the learning of a SVM (Support Vector Machine) classification for MF (Median Filtering) detector of the altered image. On the proposed algorithm of the median filtering detection, compare to MFR (Median Filter Residual) scheme that had the same 10 Dim. feature vectors, the performance is excellent at Unaltered, Averaging filtering ($3{\times}3$) and JPEG (QF=90) images, and less at Gaussian filtering ($3{\times}3$) image. However, in the measured performances of all items, AUC (Area Under Curve) by the sensitivity and 1-specificity is approached to 1. Thus, it is confirmed that the grade evaluation of the proposed algorithm is 'Excellent (A)'.
Keywords
Forgery image; Median Filtering(MF); Median Filtering Detection; Median Filter Residual(MFR); Median Filtering Forensic;
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Times Cited By KSCI : 2  (Citation Analysis)
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