Browse > Article

A Video Watermarking Using 3D DWT and Binary Image Watermark  

Kim Seung-Jin (School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Kyungpook National University)
Kim Tae-Su (School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Kyungpook National University)
Kwon Ki-Ryong (Division of Digital and Information Engineering, Pusan University of Foreign Studies)
Lee Kuhn-Il (School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Kyungpook National University)
Publication Information
Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea SP / v.42, no.6, 2005 , pp. 27-32 More about this Journal
Abstract
An effective video watermarking algorithm is proposed to protect the copyright. The watermarking procedure is based on a three-dimensional discrete wavelet transform (3D DWT) and spread spectrum sequences. Two perceptual binary watermarks are preprocessed using mixing and pseudorandom permutation. After dividing the video sequence into video shots, the 3D DWT is performed, then the preprocessed watermarks are embedded into the 3D DWT coefficients, while considering robustness and invisibility, using two spread spectrum sequences defined as the user key. Experimental results show that the watermarked frames are subjectively indistinguishable from the original frames, plus the proposed video watermarking algorithm is sufficiently robust against such attacks as low pass filtering, frame dropping, frame average, and MPEG coding.
Keywords
3차원 웨이블릿 변환;이진 영상 워터마크;대역확산방법;비디오 워터마킹;
Citations & Related Records
연도 인용수 순위
  • Reference
1 X. Gao and X. Tang, 'Unsupervised video-shot segmentation and model-free anchorperson detection for news video story parsing,' IEEE Trans. Circuits and Systems for Video Tech., vol. 12, no. 9, pp. 765-776, Sep. 2002   DOI   ScienceOn
2 J. J. K. O. Ruanaidh and G. Csurka, 'A bayesian approach to spread spectrum watermark detection and secure copyright protection of digital image libraries,' IEEE Conf. Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition, vol. 1, pp. 23-25, June. 1999   DOI
3 C. T. Hsu and J. L. Wu, 'DCT-based watermarking for video,' IEEE Trans. Consumer Electronics, vol. 44, no. 1, pp. 200-216, 1998   DOI   ScienceOn
4 X. Niu, S. Sun, and W. Xiang, 'Multiresolution watermarking for video based on gray-level digital watermark,' IEEE Trans. Consumer Electronics, vol. 46, no. 2, pp. 375-384, May 2000   DOI   ScienceOn
5 C. T. Hsu and J. L. Wu, 'Hidden digital watermarks in images,' IEEE Trans. on Image Proc., vol. 8, no. 1, pp. 58-68, Jan. 1999   DOI   ScienceOn
6 I. Cox, J. Kilian, T. Leighton and T. Shamoon, 'Secure Spread Spectrum Watermarking for Multimedia,' IEEE Transactions on Image Processing, Vol. 6, pp. 1673-1687, Dec. 1997   DOI   ScienceOn
7 C. I. Podilchuk, N. S. Jayant, and N. Farvardin, 'Three-dimensional subband coding of video,' IEEE Trans. Image Processing, vol. 4, no. 2, pp. 125-139, Feb. 1995   DOI   ScienceOn
8 C. I. Podilchuk, N. S. Jayant, and N. Farvardin, 'Three-dimensional subband coding of video,' IEEE Trans. Image Processing, vol. 4, no. 2, pp. 125-139, Feb. 1995   DOI   ScienceOn