Browse > Article
http://dx.doi.org/10.5115/acb.2011.44.1.50

The effects of electrical shock on the expressions of aquaporin subunits in the rat spinal cords  

Yeo, Seong-Il (Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, College of Medicine, Hallym University)
Ryu, Hea-Jin (Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, College of Medicine, Hallym University)
Kim, Ji-Eun (Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, College of Medicine, Hallym University)
Chun, Wook (Department of Surgery, Hangang Sacred Heart Hospital, College of Medicine, Hallym University)
Seo, Cheong-Hoon (Department of Rehabilitation, Hangang Sacred Heart Hospital, College of Medicine, Hallym University)
Lee, Boung-Chul (Department of Psychiatry, Hangang Sacred Heart Hospital, College of Medicine, Hallym University)
Choi, Ihn-Geun (Department of Psychiatry, Hangang Sacred Heart Hospital, College of Medicine, Hallym University)
Sheen, Seung-Hun (Department of Neurosurgery, Graduate School, School of Medicine, Kyung Hee University)
Kang, Tae-Cheon (Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, College of Medicine, Hallym University)
Publication Information
Anatomy and Cell Biology / v.44, no.1, 2011 , pp. 50-59 More about this Journal
Abstract
We analyzed aquaporin (AQP) expression in the rat spinal cord following an electrical shock (ES) to elucidate the roles of AQP in spinal cord injury (SCI) induced by an electrical burn. In control animals, AQP1 immunoreactivity was observed in the small diameter dorsal horn fibers of laminae I and II and in astrocytes and neurons in the spinal cord. Both AQP4 and AQP9 immunoreactivity were detected in astrocytes. One week after the ES, AQP1 immunoreactivity in dorsal horn fibers was downregulated to 83, 61, and 33% of control levels following a 1-, 4-, or 6-second ES, respectively. However, AQP1 immunoreactivity in ventral horn neurons increased to 1.3-, 1.5-, and 2.4-fold of control levels following a 1-, 4-, or 6-second ES, respectively. AQP4 immunoreactivity was upregulated after an ES in laminae I and II astrocytes in a stimulus-intensity independent manner. Unlike AQP1 and AQP4, AQP9 immunoreactivity was unaffected by the ES. These findings indicate that altered AQP immunoreactivity may be involved in SCI following an ES.
Keywords
Aquaporins; Astrocytes; Neurons; Spinal cord; Electrical shock;
Citations & Related Records
연도 인용수 순위
  • Reference
1 Skoog T. Electrical injuries. J Trauma 1970;10:816-30.   DOI   ScienceOn
2 Baxter CR. Present concepts in the management of major electrical injury. Surg Clin North Am 1970;50:1401-18.
3 Xiang D, Shen Z. Experimental high-voltage electrical burns on limbs of rabbits. Zhonghua Zheng Xing Shao Shang Wai Ke Za Zhi 1998;14:429-32.
4 Segal JL, Maltby BF, Langdorf MI, Jacobson R, Brunnemann SR, Jusko WJ. Methylprednisolone disposition kinetics in patients with acute spinal cord injury. Pharmacotherapy 1998;18:16-22.
5 Ko SH, Chun W, Kim HC. Delayed spinal cord injury following electrical burns: a 7-year experience. Burns 2004;30:691-5.   DOI   ScienceOn
6 Agre P, King LS, Yasui M, Guggino WB, Ottersen OP, Fujiyoshi Y, Engel A, Nielsen S. Aquaporin water channels: from atomic structure to clinical medicine. J Physiol 2002;542(Pt 1):3-16.   DOI   ScienceOn
7 Verkman AS. Role of aquaporins in endothelial water transport. J Anat 2002;200:528.
8 Manley GT, Fujimura M, Ma T, Noshita N, Filiz F, Bollen AW, Chan P, Verkman AS. Aquaporin-4 deletion in mice reduces brain edema after acute water intoxication and ischemic stroke. Nat Med 2000;6:159-63.   DOI   ScienceOn
9 Badaut J, Lasbennes F, Magistretti PJ, Regli L. Aquaporins in brain: distribution, physiology, and pathophysiology. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 2002;22:367-78.
10 Amiry-Moghaddam M, Ottersen OP. The molecular basis of water transport in the brain. Nat Rev Neurosci 2003;4:991-1001.   DOI   ScienceOn
11 Badaut J, Hirt L, Granziera C, Bogousslavsky J, Magistretti PJ, Regli L. Astrocyte-specific expression of aquaporin-9 in mouse brain is increased after transient focal cerebral ischemia. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 2001;21:477-82.
12 Badaut J, Regli L. Distribution and possible roles of aquaporin 9 in the brain. Neuroscience 2004;129:971-81.
13 Perez E, Barrachina M, Rodriguez A, Torrejon-Escribano B, Boada M, Hernandez I, Sanchez M, Ferrer I. Aquaporin expression in the cerebral cortex is increased at early stages of Alzheimer disease. Brain Res 2007;1128:164-74.
14 Rodriguez A, Perez-Gracia E, Espinosa JC, Pumarola M, Torres JM, Ferrer I. Increased expression of water channel aquaporin 1 and aquaporin 4 in Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease and in bovine spongiform encephalopathy-infected bovine-PrP transgenic mice. Acta Neuropathol 2006;112:573-85.   DOI   ScienceOn
15 Chen Y, Tachibana O, Oda M, Xu R, Hamada J, Yamashita J, Hashimoto N, Takahashi JA. Increased expression of aquaporin 1 in human hemangioblastomas and its correlation with cyst formation. J Neurooncol 2006;80:219-25.   DOI   ScienceOn
16 Badaut J, Brunet JF, Grollimund L, Hamou MF, Magistretti PJ, Villemure JG, Regli L. Aquaporin 1 and aquaporin 4 expression in human brain after subarachnoid hemorrhage and in peritumoral tissue. Acta Neurochir Suppl 2003;86:495-8.
17 Ribeiro M, Beleza P, Fernandes J, Almeida F, Rocha J. Reverse crossed cerebellar diaschisis. Acta Med Port 2006;19:439-41.
18 Nesic O, Lee J, Unabia GC, Johnson K, Ye Z, Vergara L, Hulsebosch CE, Perez-Polo JR. Aquaporin 1: a novel player in spinal cord injury. J Neurochem 2008;105:628-40.   DOI   ScienceOn
19 Oshio K, Song Y, Verkman AS, Manley GT. Aquaporin-1 deletion reduces osmotic water permeability and cerebrospinal fluid production. Acta Neurochir Suppl 2003;86:525-8.
20 Oshio K, Watanabe H, Yan D, Verkman AS, Manley GT. Impaired pain sensation in mice lacking Aquaporin-1 water channels. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2006;341:1022-8.   DOI   ScienceOn
21 Jablonski E, Webb A, Hughes FM Jr. Water movement during apoptosis: a role for aquaporins in the apoptotic volume decrease (AVD). Adv Exp Med Biol 2004;559:179-88.
22 Ma T, Yang B, Gillespie A, Carlson EJ, Epstein CJ, Verkman AS. Generation and phenotype of a transgenic knockout mouse lacking the mercurial-insensitive water channel aquaporin-4. J Clin Invest 1997;100:957-62.   DOI   ScienceOn
23 Manley GT, Binder DK, Papadopoulos MC, Verkman AS. New insights into water transport and edema in the central nervous system from phenotype analysis of aquaporin-4 null mice. Neuroscience 2004;129:983-91.
24 Verkman AS, Binder DK, Bloch O, Auguste K, Papadopoulos MC. Three distinct roles of aquaporin-4 in brain function revealed by knockout mice. Biochim Biophys Acta 2006;1758:1085-93.   DOI   ScienceOn
25 Unterberg AW, Stover J, Kress B, Kiening KL. Edema and brain trauma. Neuroscience 2004;129:1021-9.
26 Kimelberg HK. Current concepts of brain edema: review of laboratory investigations. J Neurosurg 1995;83:1051-9.   DOI
27 Saadoun S, Papadopoulos MC, Watanabe H, Yan D, Manley GT, Verkman AS. Involvement of aquaporin-4 in astroglial cell migration and glial scar formation. J Cell Sci 2005;118(Pt 24):5691-8.   DOI   ScienceOn
28 Nacimiento W, Topper R, Fischer A, Oestreicher AB, Nacimiento AC, Gispen WH, Noth J, Kreutzberg GW. Immunocytochemistry of B-50 (GAP-43) in the spinal cord and in dorsal root ganglia of the adult cat. J Neurocytol 1993;22:413-24.   DOI   ScienceOn
29 Perosa SR, Porcionatto MA, Cukiert A, Martins JR, Passeroti CC, Amado D, Matas SL, Nader HB, Cavalheiro EA, Leite JP, Naffah-Mazzacoratti MG. Glycosaminoglycan levels and proteoglycan expression are altered in the hippocampus of patients with mesial temporal lobe epilepsy. Brain Res Bull 2002;58:509-16.   DOI   ScienceOn
30 Nesic O, Lee J, Johnson KM, Ye Z, Xu GY, Unabia GC, Wood TG, McAdoo DJ, Westlund KN, Hulsebosch CE, Regino Perez-Polo J. Transcriptional profiling of spinal cord injury-induced central neuropathic pain. J Neurochem 2005;95:998-1014.   DOI   ScienceOn
31 Chesler M, Kaila K. Modulation of pH by neuronal activity. Trends Neurosci 1992;15:396-402.   DOI   ScienceOn
32 Xiong ZQ, Stringer JL. Extracellular pH responses in CA1 and the dentate gyrus during electrical stimulation, seizure discharges, and spreading depression. J Neurophysiol 2000;83:3519-24.
33 Melo TM, Nehlig A, Sonnewald U. Metabolism is normal in astrocytes in chronically epileptic rats: a (13)C NMR study of neuronal-glial interactions in a model of temporal lobe epilepsy. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 2005;25:1254-64.   DOI   ScienceOn
34 Yamamoto N, Yoneda K, Asai K, Sobue K, Tada T, Fujita Y, Katsuya H, Fujita M, Aihara N, Mase M, Yamada K, Miura Y, Kato T. Alterations in the expression of the AQP family in cultured rat astrocytes during hypoxia and reoxygenation. Brain Res Mol Brain Res 2001;90:26-38.   DOI   ScienceOn
35 Elkjaer M, Vajda Z, Nejsum LN, Kwon T, Jensen UB, Amiry-Moghaddam M, Frøkiaer J, Nielsen S. Immunolocalization of AQP9 in liver, epididymis, testis, spleen, and brain. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2000;276:1118-28.   DOI   ScienceOn
36 Nielsen S, Nagelhus EA, Amiry-Moghaddam M, Bourque C, Agre P, Ottersen OP. Specialized membrane domains for water transport in glial cells: high-resolution immunogold cytochemistry of aquaporin-4 in rat brain. J Neurosci 1997;17:171-80.
37 Venero JL, Vizuete ML, Ilundain AA, Machado A, Echevarria M, Cano J. Detailed localization of aquaporin-4 messenger RNA in the CNS: preferential expression in periventricular organs. Neuroscience 1999;94:239-50.   DOI   ScienceOn
38 Oshio K, Watanabe H, Song Y, Verkman AS, Manley GT. Reduced cerebrospinal fluid production and intracranial pressure in mice lacking choroid plexus water channel Aquaporin-1. FASEB J 2005;19:76-8.
39 Shields SD, Mazario J, Skinner K, Basbaum AI. Anatomical and functional analysis of aquaporin 1, a water channel in primary afferent neurons. Pain 2007;131:8-20.   DOI   ScienceOn
40 Li S, Tator CH. Effects of MK801 on evoked potentials, spinal cord blood flow and cord edema in acute spinal cord injury in rats. Spinal Cord 1999;37:820-32.   DOI   ScienceOn
41 Sharma HS, Badgaiyan RD, Alm P, Mohanty S, Wiklund L. Neuroprotective effects of nitric oxide synthase inhibitors in spinal cord injury-induced pathophysiology and motor functions: an experimental study in the rat. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2005;1053:422-34.   DOI   ScienceOn
42 Verkman AS, Mitra AK. Structure and function of aquaporin water channels. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2000;278:F13-28.
43 Badaut J, Petit JM, Brunet JF, Magistretti PJ, Charriaut-Marlangue C, Regli L. Distribution of Aquaporin 9 in the adult rat brain: preferential expression in catecholaminergic neurons and in glial cells. Neuroscience 2004;128:27-38.   DOI   ScienceOn
44 Kim JE, Yeo SI, Ryu HJ, Kim MJ, Kim DS, Jo SM, Kang TC. Astroglial loss and edema formation in the rat piriform cortex and hippocampus following pilocarpine-induced status epilepticus. J Comp Neurol 2010;518:4612-28.   DOI   ScienceOn
45 Dube C, da Silva Fernandes MJ, Nehlig A. Age-dependent consequences of seizures and the development of temporal lobe epilepsy in the rat. Dev Neurosci 2001;23:219-23.   DOI   ScienceOn
46 Tsukaguchi H, Weremowicz S, Morton CC, Hediger MA. Functional and molecular characterization of the human neutral solute channel aquaporin-9. Am J Physiol 1999;277(5 Pt 2):F685-96.
47 Kim JE, Ryu HJ, Yeo SI, Seo CH, Lee BC, Choi IG, Kim DS, Kang TC. Differential expressions of aquaporin subtypes in astroglia in the hippocampus of chronic epileptic rats. Neuroscience 2009;163:781-9.   DOI   ScienceOn