Browse > Article
http://dx.doi.org/10.4491/KSEE.2015.37.9.505

Effects of pH, Water Temperature and Chlorine Dosage on the Formation of Disinfection Byproducts at Water Treatment Plant  

Lee, Ki-chang (Gyeongsangbuk-do Institute of Health and Environment)
Lee, Wontae (Department of Environmental Engineering, Kumoh National Institute of Technology)
Publication Information
Journal of Korean Society of Environmental Engineers / v.37, no.9, 2015 , pp. 505-510 More about this Journal
Abstract
This study investigated formation potential of 16 disinfection byproducts (DBPs) (e.g., g trihalomethanes, haloacetic acids, haloacetonitriles, chloral hydrate, etc.) upon chlorination of raw water at various pH, water temperatures, and chlorine doses. We also compared the DBP formation potential (DBPFP) of raw and filtered waters. Most of DBPs were formed higher at neutral pH, but dichloroacetic acid, chloroform, and bromodichloromethane were formed higher over pH 7. As water temperature increased, concentrations of chloral hydrate, haloacetic acids, and haloacetonitriles linearly increased while that of trihalomethanes exponentially increased. Formation of chloral hydrate, trihalomethanes, and trihaloacetonitriles significantly increased up to 2.0 mg/L $Cl_2$ of chlorine addition, then gradually increased at 2.0~5.6 mg/L $Cl_2$. Filtered water formed less DBPs than raw water in most DBPs except for trihalomethanes.
Keywords
Disinfection Byproducts; pH; Water Temperature; Chlorine Dosage; Water Treatment Plant;
Citations & Related Records
Times Cited By KSCI : 4  (Citation Analysis)
연도 인용수 순위
1 Lee, S. W., "The present and the prospect of advanced water treatment process in Korea," Master Dissertation, Dongeui University(2004).
2 Seo, H. J., Kim, J. M., Min, K. W., Kang, Y. J., Paik, K. J., Park, J. T. and Kim, S. J., "Generation characteristics of disinfection by-products(DBPs) by chlorination in sewage effluent," J. Korean Analytical Sci. Technol., 22(3), 272-276(2009)
3 Yang, X., Shang, C., Lee, W. T., Westerhoff, P. and Fan, C., "Correlations between organic matter properties and DBP formation during chloramination," Water Res., 42, 2329-2339(2008).   DOI
4 Oh, I. Y., "Enhanced coagulation for removal of turbidity and NOM in dinking water treatment," Master Dissertation, The University of Seoul(2005).
5 Lin, H. C. and Wang, G. S., "Effect of $UV/H_2O_2$ on NOM fractionation and corresponding DBPs formation," Desalination, 270, 221-226(2011).   DOI
6 Sarathy, S. and Mohseni, M., "The impact of $UV/H_2O_2$ advanced oxidation on molecular size distribution of chromophoric natural organic matter," Environ. Sci. Techol., 41, 8315-8320(2007).   DOI
7 Lim, S. M., Chiang, K., Amal, R., Fabris, R., Chow, C. and Drikas, M., "A study on the removal of humic acid using advanced oxidation processes," Sep. Sci. Technol., 42, 1391-1404(2007).   DOI
8 Kim, S. E., "Formation and control of chlorinated disinfection by-products in water supply system," Doctor Dissertation (2009).
9 Min, B. S., Rhee, D. S., Ryu, J. K. and Park, S. K., "Formation characteristics of Haloacetic acids in water treatment plant," J. Korean Soc. Environ. Anal., 6, 41-48(2003).
10 Stevens, A. A., Moore, L. A., Slocum, C. J., Smith, B. L. and Seeger, D. R., "By-products of chlorination at ten operating utilities. In disinfection by-product: Current Perspectives. Denver, Colo: American Water Work Association.
11 Williams, D. T., Lebel, G. L. and Benoit, F. M., "Disinfection by-products in Canadian drinking water," Chemosphere, 34, 229-316(1997)
12 Krasner, S. W., McGuire, M. J., Jacangelo, J. G., Patania, N. L., Reagan, K. M. and Aieta, E. M., "The occurrence of disinfection by-products in United-States drinking-water," J. Am. Water Works Assoc., 81, 41-53(1989)   DOI
13 Park, J. H., Lee, J. B., Ahn, K. H., Lee, Y. H., Choi, J. Y., Ahn, H. S., Seo, K. A., Oh, J. H., Jung, W. H., Park, S. J., Jang, S. J., Park, J. Y., Kim, G. S., Kim, J. H., Kim, T. S. and Han, J. S., "A study on occurance and control of disinfection by-products (DBPs) in drinking water(I) - Monitoring of DBPs and its precursors-," J. Korean National Inst. Environ. Res., pp. 20-21(2010).
14 Kim, S. J., Kim, J. M., Jeon, Y. T., Park, J. E. and Won, C. H., "The characteristics of disinfection by-products occurrence and speciation in D water treatment processes," J. Korean Soc. Water Qual., 26(3), 406-412(2010)
15 Huang, H., Wu, Q. Y., Tang, X., Jiang, R. and Hu, H. Y., "Formation of haloacetonitriles and haloacetamides during chlorination of pure culture bacteria," Chemosphere, 92, 375-381(2013).   DOI
16 Kim, J. K., Jeong, S. G., Shin, C. S. and Cho, H. J., "Characteristics of disinfection by-products formation in Korea," J. Korean Soc. Water Waste., 19(3), 301-311(2005).
17 Reckhow, D. A., Platt, T. L. and Macneill, A. L. and Mcclellan, J. N., "Formation and degradation of dichloroacetonitrile in drinking waters," J. Water Supply: Res. Technol. - AQUA, 50(1), 1-13(2001).
18 Hayes-Larson, E. L. and Mitch, W. A., "Influence of the method of reagent addition on dichloroacetonitrile formation during chloraminatio," Environ. Sci. Technol., 44, 700-706(2010).   DOI
19 Hu, J., Song, H. and Karanfil, T., "Comparative analysis of halonitromethane and trihalomethane formation and speciation in drinking water: the effects of disinfectants, pH, bromide, and nitrite," Environ. Sci. Technol., 44, 794-799(2010).   DOI
20 Sadiq, R. and Rodriguez, M. J., "Disinfection by-products (DBPs) in drinking water and predictive models for their occurrence: a review," Sci. Total Environ., 321, 21-46(2004).   DOI
21 Doederer, K., Gernjak, W., Weinberg, H. S. and Farre, M. J., "Factors affecting the formation of disinfection by-products during chlorination and chloramination of secondary effluent for the production of high quality recycled water," Water Res., 48, 218-228(2014).   DOI
22 Nikolaou, A. D., Lekkas, T. D. and Kostopoulou, M. N., Golfinopoulos, S.K., " Investigation of the behaviour of haloketones in water samples," Chemosphere, 44(5), 907-912 (2001).   DOI
23 Zhang, Q., Kuang, W. F., Liu, L. Y., Li, K., Wong, K. H., Chow, A. T. and Wong, P. K., "Trihalomethane, haloacetonitrile, and chloral hydrate formation potentials of organic carbon fractions from sub-tropical forest soils," J. Hazard. Mater., 172, 880-887(2009).   DOI
24 Chang, H. S., Lee, D. W., Kim, C. M., Lee, I. S. and Park, H., "Characteristics of Disinfected Byproducts in Tap Water of Seoul," J. Inst. Ind. Technol., 12, 97-102(2004).
25 Bae, G. S., Baek, Y. K., Ryu, K. S., Shin, S. H. and Lee, C. H., "A Study on Characterization of THMs Formation in Tap Water in Daegu," J. Korean Soc. Environ. Eng., 33, 893-899(2011).   DOI
26 Lee, K. C., Gegal, B. C., Choi, I. H. and Lee, W. T., "Formation Characteristics and Control of Disinfection Byproducts in a Drinking Water Treatment Plant Using Lake Water," J. Korean Soc. Environ. Eng., 37(5), 269-276(2015).   DOI