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http://dx.doi.org/10.4491/KSEE.2015.37.12.657

An Overview of Problems Cyanotoxins Produced by Cyanobacteria and the Solutions Thereby  

Jeon, Bong-seok (Department of Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science, Shinshu University)
Han, Jisun (Department of Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science, Shinshu University)
Kim, Seog-Ku (Environmental and Plant Engineering Research Institute, Korea Institute of Civil Engineering and Building Technology)
Ahn, Jae-Hwan (Environmental and Plant Engineering Research Institute, Korea Institute of Civil Engineering and Building Technology)
Oh, Hye-Cheol (Environmental and Plant Engineering Research Institute, Korea Institute of Civil Engineering and Building Technology)
Park, Ho-Dong (Department of Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science, Shinshu University)
Publication Information
Journal of Korean Society of Environmental Engineers / v.37, no.12, 2015 , pp. 657-667 More about this Journal
Abstract
Cyanobacteria frequently dominate the freshwater phytoplankton community in eutrophic waters. Cyanotoxins can be classified according to toxicity as neurotoxin (Anatoxin-a, Anatoxin-a(s), Saxitoxins) or hepatotoxin (microcystins, nodularin, cylindrospermopsin). Microcystins are present within cyanobacterial cells generally, and they are extracted by the damage of cell membrane. It has been reported that cyanotoxins caused adverse effects and they are acculmulated in aquatic oganisms of lake, river and ocean. In natural, microcystins are removed by biodegradation of microorganisms and/or feeding of predators. However, in process of water treatment, the use of copper sulfate to remove algal cells caused extraction of a mess of microcystins. Microcysitns are removed by physical, chemical and biological methods according to reports. The reduction of nutrients (N and P) inflow is basic method of prevention of cyanobacteria bloom formation. However, it is less effective than investigation because nutrients already present in the eutrophic lake. In natural lake, cyanobacteria bloom are not formed because macrophytes invade from coastal lake by eutrophication. Therefore, a coastal lake has to recover to prevent of cyanobacteria bloom formation.
Keywords
Cyanobacteria Bloom; Eutrophic Lake; Cyanotoxin; Microcystin;
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