Browse > Article
http://dx.doi.org/10.4491/KSEE.2014.36.1.49

Occurrence of Nitrosamines in Nakdong River Basin  

Kim, Gyung-A (Water Quality Institute, Busan Water Authority)
Son, Hee-Jong (Water Quality Institute, Busan Water Authority)
Lee, Sang-Won (Water Quality Institute, Busan Water Authority)
Ryu, Dong-Choon (Water Quality Institute, Busan Water Authority)
Kwon, Ki-Won (Water Quality Institute, Busan Water Authority)
Publication Information
Abstract
The survey of nitrosamine occurrence at Nakdong river is conducted in this study. According to the study results, six nitrosamine compounds (NDEA as N-nitrosodiethylamine, NDPA as N-Nitrosodi-n-propylamine, NDMA as N-nitrosodimethylamine, NMEA as N-nitrosomethylethylamine, NDBA as N-nitrosodi-n-butylamine, and NDPHA as N-Nitrosodiphenylamine) were detected at the Nakdong river. Among these, NDEA and NDPA are the most important compounds in terms of the nitrosamine contamination of Nakdong river. The detected concentration of NDEA exceeded the CDHCS (California Department of Health Care Services) response level of 100 ng/L at several sites. The detected concentration of NDPA approached the response level (500 ng/L) at few sites. When all nitrosamine concentrations were summed up, the maximum concentration of 735.7 ng/L was detected at the Nakdong river.
Keywords
Nitrosamines; Nakdong River; Surface Water; GC/MS;
Citations & Related Records
Times Cited By KSCI : 1  (Citation Analysis)
연도 인용수 순위
1 Choi, J. and Valentine, R. L., "Formation of N-nitrosodimethylamine (NDMA) from reaction of monochloroamine: a new disinfection by-product," Water Res., 36, 817-824(2002b).   DOI   ScienceOn
2 Mitch, W. A. and Sedlak, D. L., "Formation of N-nitrosodimethylamine (NDMA) from dimethylamine during chlorination," Environ. Sci. Technol., 36, 588-595(2002).   DOI   ScienceOn
3 Nawrocki, J. and Andrzejewski, P., "Nitrosamines and water," J. Hazard. Mater., 189, 1-18(2011).   DOI   ScienceOn
4 Ducos, P., Gaudin, R., Maire, C., Mavelle, T., Bouchikhi, B. and Debry, G., "Occupational exposure to volatile nitrosamines in foundries using the Ashland core-making process," Environ. Res., 47(1), 72-78(1988).   DOI   ScienceOn
5 Ventanas, S. and Ruiz, J., "On-site analysis of volatile nitrosamines in food model system by solid-phase microextraction coupled a direct extraction device," Talanta, 70, 1017-1023 (2006).   DOI   ScienceOn
6 Fleming, E. C., Pennington, J. C., Wachob, B. G., Howe, R. A. and Hill, D. O., "Removal of N-nitrosodimethylamine from waters using physical-chemical techniques," J. Hazard. Mater., 51, 151-164(1996).   DOI   ScienceOn
7 Krasner, S. W., Westerhoff, P., Chen, B., Rittman, B. E. and Amy, G. L., "Occurrence of disinfection by-products in United States wastewater treatment plant effluents," Environ. Sci. Technol., 43, 8320-8325(2009).   DOI   ScienceOn
8 Mitch, W. A., Sharp, J. O., Trussel., R. R., Valentine, R. L., Alvarez-Cohen, L. and Sedlak, D. L. "N-nitrosodimethylamine (NDMA) as a drinking water contaminant: a review," Environ. Eng. Sci., 20, 389-404(2003).   DOI   ScienceOn
9 Richardson, S. D., Plewa, M. J., Wagner, E. D., Schoeny, R. and DeMarini, D. M., "Occurrence, genotoxicity, and carcinogenicity of regulated and emerging disinfection by-products in drinking water: a review and roadmap for research," Mutat. Res., 636, 178-242(2007).   DOI   ScienceOn
10 US EPA, Integrated Risk Information System (IRIS), http:// www.epa.gov/iris/subst/0045.htm(2004a).
11 Boyd, J. M., Hrudey, S. E., Richardson, S. D. and Li, X. F., "Solid-phase extraction and high performance liquid chromatography mass spectrometry analysis of nitrosamines in treated drinking water and wastewater," Trends Anal. Chem., 30(9), 1410-1421(2011).   DOI   ScienceOn
12 Yoon, S. and Tanaka, H., "Formation of N-nitrosamines by chloramination or ozonation of amines listed in pollutant release and transfer registers (PRTRs)," Chemosphere, 95, 88-95(2014).   DOI   ScienceOn
13 Ripolles, C., Pitarch, E., Sancho, J. V., López, F. J. and Hernandez, F., "Determination of eight nitrosamines in water at the ng L-1 levels by liquid chromatography coupled to atmospheric pressure chemical ionization tandem mass spectrometry," Anal. Chim. Acta, 702, 62-71(2011).   DOI   ScienceOn
14 Lee, M., Lee, Y., Soltermann, F. and von Gunten, U., "Analysis of N-nitrosamines and other nitro (so) compounds in water by high-performance liquid chromatography with postcolumn UV photolysis/Griess reaction," Water Res., 47, 4893-4903(2013).   DOI   ScienceOn
15 Kim, G. A., Son, H. J., Kim, C. W. and Kim, S. H., "Nitrosamine occurrence and Korean surface water using an analytical method based on GC/LRMS," Environ. Monit. Asses., 185(2), 1657-1669(2013).   DOI   ScienceOn
16 Shen, R. and Andrews, S. A., "NDMA formation from amine- based pharmaceuticals-impact from prechlorination and water matrix," Water Res., pp. 2446-2457(2013).
17 Selbes, M., Kim, D., Ates, N. and Karanfil, T., "The roles of tertiary amine structure, background organic matter and chloramine species on NDMA formation," Water Res., 47, 945-953(2013).   DOI   ScienceOn
18 Zhou, W., Chen, C., Lou, L., Yang, Q. and Zhu, L., "Formation potential of nine nitrosamines from corresponding secondary amines by chloramination," Chemosphere, 95, 81-87(2014).   DOI   ScienceOn
19 Bond, T., Huang, J., Templeton, M. R. and Graham, N. "Occurrence and control of nitrogenous disinfection by-products in drinking water-a review," Water Res., 45, 4341-4354(2011).   DOI   ScienceOn
20 Kim, G. A., Roh, J. S., Bin, J. H. and Kim, C. W., "Investigating of nitrosamines in small tributary rivers, sewage treatment plants and drinking water treatment plants," J. Kor. Soc. Water Qual., 26(3), 446-453(2010).
21 Asami, M., Oya, M. and Kosaka, K., "A nationwide survey of NDMA in raw and drinking water in Japan," Sci. Total Environ., 407, 3540-3545(2009).   DOI   ScienceOn
22 Planas, C., Palacios, Ó., Ventura, F., Rivera, J. and Caixach, J., "Analysis of nitrosamines in water by automated SPE and isotope dilution GC/HRMS," Talanta, 76, 906-913(2008).   DOI   ScienceOn
23 Templeton, M. R. and Chen, Z., "NDMA and seven other nitrosamines in selected UK drinking water supply systems," J. Water Suppl.: Res. Technol.-Aqua, 59(4), 277-283(2010).   DOI
24 Pozzi, R., Bocchini, P., Pinelli, F. and Galletti, G. C. "Determination of nitrosamines in water by gas chromatography/ chemical ionization/selective ion trapping mass spectrometry," J. Chromatogr. A, 1218, 1808-1814(2011).   DOI   ScienceOn
25 Schreiber, I. M. and Mitch, W. A., "Nitrosamine formation pathway revisited: the importance of chloramine speciation and dissolved oxygen," Environ. Sci. Technol., 40, 6007-6014 (2006a).   DOI   ScienceOn
26 Krauss, M., Longree, P., Dorusch, F., Ort, C. and Hollender, J., "Occurrence and removal of N-nitrosoamines in wastewater treatment plants," Water Res., 43, 4381-4391(2009a).   DOI   ScienceOn
27 Choi, J. and Valentine, R. L., "A kinetic model of N-nitrosodimethylamine formation during water chlorination/chloramination," Water Sci. Technol., 46, 65-71(2002a).
28 Kim, G. A., Son, H. J., Lee, S. W., Bin, J. H. and Kim, C. W., "Adsorption characteristics for nitrosamines in granular activated carbon process," J. Kor. Soc. Environ. Eng., 34(10), 709-714(2012).   과학기술학회마을   DOI
29 Lee, C., Schmidt, C., Yoon, J. and von Gunten, U., "Oxidation of N-nitrosodimethylamine precursors with ozone and chlorine dioxide: kinetics and effect on NDMA formation potential," Environ. Sci. Technol., 41, 2056-2063(2007a).   DOI   ScienceOn
30 Gerecke, A. C. and Sedlak, D. L., "Precursors of N-nitrosodimethylamine in natural waters," Environ. Sci. Technol., 37, 1331-1336(2003).   DOI   ScienceOn
31 Lee, C., Yoon, J. and von Gunten, U., "Oxidative degradation of N-nitrosodimethylamine by conventional ozonation and the advanced oxidation process ozone/hydrogen peroxide," Water Res., 41, 581-590(2007b).   DOI   ScienceOn
32 Plumlee, M. H., Lopez-Mesas, M., Heidlberger, A., Ishida, K. P. and Reinhard, M., "N-nitrosodimethylamine (NDMA) removal by reverse osmosis and UV treatment and analysis via LC-MS/MS," Water Res., 42, 347-355(2008).   DOI   ScienceOn
33 US EPA, Method 521, Determination of Nitrosamines in Drinking Water by Solid Phase Extraction and Capillary Column Gas Chromatography with Large Volume Injection and Chemical Ionization Tandem Mass Spectrometry (MS/MS). http://www.epa.gov/nerlcwww/m_521.pdf.(2004b).
34 Keeper, L. K. and Roller, P. P., "N-nitrosation by nitrite ion in neutral and basic medium," Science, 181, 1245-1247(1973).   DOI   ScienceOn
35 Mitch, W. A. and Sedlak, D. L., "Characterization and fate of N-nitrosodimethylamine precursors in municipal wastewater treatment plants," Environ. Sci. Technol., 38, 1445-1454 (2004).   DOI   ScienceOn
36 McDonald, J. A., Harden, N. B., Nghiem, L. D. and Khan, S. J., "Analysis of N-nitrosamines in water by isotope dilution gas chromatography-electron ionisation tandem mass spectrometry," Talanta, 99, 146-154(2012).   DOI   ScienceOn
37 Pehlivanoglu-Mantas, E. and Sedlak, D. L., "The fate of wastewater- derived NDMA precursors in the aquatic environment," Water Res., 40, 1287-1293(2006).   DOI   ScienceOn